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THE 

AMERICAN TRAVELLER; 

OR 

THROUGH THE UNITED STATES. 

CONTALNING 
BRIEF NOTICES OF THE SEVEKAL 

STATES, CITIES, FRINCIPAL TOWNS, 

CANALS AND RAIL ROADS, &c. 

WITH 

TABLES OF DISTANCES, 

BY STAGE^, CANAL AJIfi STEAM BOAT ROUTES. 

The whole 

Alphahetically arranged, with direct Reference to the 

accoynpnnying Map of the Roads, Canals, 

and Railways of the United States. 



BY H. S. TANNER. 



PHILADELPHIA 



PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, SIIAKSPEARE 
BUILDINGS. 

1834. 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1834, 

By H. S. Tanver, 

in the Clerk's office of the Eastern District of Pennsyl- 
vania. 






^^Jt^ 



Joseph & William Kite, Printers. 



PREFACE. 



Brevity being- an essential quality in a book desigfned ^oi* 
the pocket of the traveller, 1 have endeavoured to embody- 
within the compass of a small volume, as many facts, and 
as much useful information, as a due reg-ard to the leading 
object of the present work vi^onld admit. I have therefore 
omitted all such details and extraneous matters, as wcjuld on- 
ly serve toaug-ment the size of the volume, without produc- 
ing a corresponding increase of utility. The work will 
accordingly be found to consist of little else than very con- 
cise statements of such facts in relation to the several states, 
their population, number of counties, area, forms of govern- 
ment, cities, towns, roads, canals, distances, &c. as would 
be most likely to prove useful to, or deserve the notice of, 
Uie traveller. 

Under the head of each city, or large town, is given an 
xcount, arranged in tabular form, of all the leading routes 
-om each, distinguishing between those by Steam-boats, 
Stages or Canal-boats, with the distances from place to 
place, carefully noted. 

A brief account of the principal objects of curiosity, in 
or near the larger towns, will also be iound under the head 
of each. 

With regard to the canals and rail-roads of the United 
States, the reader will perceive, that I have entered rather 
more into details than in the other parts of the work. 

Regardmg the subject as one of importance, I have 
drawn up from the most authentic sources, accounts of 
those works which will be found under the heads of the 
respective states. Those accounts will elucidate the extent, 
points of commencement and termination, and such other 
facts, as are considered important in reference to the 
general system of internal improvements in our country, 



( iv ) 

The accompanying map, it will be perceived, exhibits all 
the leading- towns, roads, canals, 6i.c. with the distances 
from one place to another, distinctly indicated by figures. 
The numbers contained in each of tlie rhombs, formed by 
the intersectmg lines of latitude and longitude, refer to cor- 
res|)onding numbers in the descriptive volume. 

By consulting either the book or map, the place sought for 
in the other can be found with great facility. 

In addition to the information contained in the body of 
the map ; there are appended to the same sheet, the following 
supplementary maps, plans, &c. — 1. Environs of Boston. 
2. Of Providence. 3. Of New York. 4. Of Philadelphia. 
5. Of Baltimore and Washington, with a plan of the City 
of Washington. 6. Of Richmond, Va. 7. Of Charleston. 
8. Of Quebec. 9. Of Montreal. 10. Of the falls of Nia- 
gara. 11. Of Albany. 12. Pottsville, Pa. 13. Pittsburg. 
34. Map of the Hudson River. 15. Plan of Cincinnati. 16. 
Of Louisville, Ohio. 17. Of New Orleans. Four additional 
plans on a more extended scale, of Boston, New York, Phil- 
adelphia and Baltimore, respectively, will be found opposite 
the description of each of those places in the volume. 

H. S. TANNER. 
Philadelphia^ August, 1834. 



THE 

AMERICAN TRAVELLER, &c. 



EXPT.ANATION, 

To find the position of any place on the map, observe the num- 
ber in brackets, thus (100.) iminertiately succeeding th.- name in 
the volume. Look for the corresponding number on the map and 
within th." rhomb contaitiing that number, the place sought for 
will be f tund. The map itself contains in each of the rhombs, 
figures which refer to the index ; thus reciprocally tending to faci- 
litate th.=!ir use and application, one to the other. 

Abreviations Me. Maine. N H New Hampshire. Vt. Ver- 
mont. Mass. Massachusetts, R. I. Rhode Island. Ct. Connec- 
ticut. N Y. New York. N.J. New Jersey. Pa. Pennsylvania. 
D. Dnlaware. Md. Maryland. Va. Virginia. N. C. North Car- 
olina. S. C. South Carolina. G.Georgia. F. Florida. Al. .Al- 
abama. Miss. Mississippi. J.,. Louisiani. Ark. Arkansas. Ten. 
Tennessee. K. Kentucky. Mo. Missouri. II. Illinois. In. In- 
diana. Mic. Michigan. O.Ohio. Can. Canada. C H. Court-house. 
R. River. The population of the several states, &c. is given 
according to the census of 1830. unless otherwise expressed. 

The great leading rcmds can br? found by referring to the cities 
and towns through which they pass, thus for example, if the road 
from Washington to New Orleaus, bs required ; turn to the article 
" Washi ifirton,"" wh -re will be found thft route to Richmond Va. 
then to that of " Richmond," where the road to Raleigh is given, 
and so on. 



ABB ALA 

Abbot's Town, Pa. (155.) Alabama River, (299.) 

Adcocks, N. C. (236.) 

Alabanna, state of, (247,) is divided into forty-six coun- 
tie.s and contained in 1830, a population of 30 l,.527, in- 
eluding 117,549 slaves. Area, 52,100 square miles. Capital, 
Tuscaloosa. Metropolis, Mobile, Lat. 30° 41.' Lonp- 11° 
12' W. General election, first Monday in August. F^cs^is- 
latiiro meet, fourth Monday in October. Coustitution 
formed, l&lJ. 

1* 



O ALABAMA. 

Government. — The Governor is elected for two years ; 
salary $-V»()0. Secretary of State, Treasurer, and Comp- 
troller of Public Accounts ; — salary of each $1,000. 

Legislature. — The legislative power is vested in two 
branches, a Senate and House of Representatives, which 
together are styled, the General Assembly of the State of 
Alabama. 

'1 he representatives are elected annually, and are appor- 
tioned among the different counties in proportion to the 
white population; the whole number cannot exceed 100, 
nor fall short of 60. The senators are electeii for three 
years, and one-third of them are chosen every year. Their 
number cannot be more than one-tiiird, nor less than one- 
fourth of the number of the representatives. 

Judiciary. — The judicial power is vested in a supreme 
court, in circuit courts, and such in'erior courts as the 
General Assembly may, from time to time, direct or estab- 
lish. The Judges, after November in 1 833, are to be elect- 
ed by a joint vote of both houses of the General Assembly, 
every six years. 

The Supreme Court consists of seven Judges ; and the 
state i' divided into seven Circuits, in each of which a judge 
of the Supreme Court presides as a circuit judge. The 
salary of each of these judges is $1,750. 

Physical Structure. — In the northern part of Alabama, 
mountains of considerable elevation occur between the val- 
ley of the Tennessee and the head waters of the Tombeck- 
bee, Black warrior, &c. Here the forests consist chiefly of 
oak, ash, hickory, elm, poplar, &lc. The central and 
southern portions of the state, are nearly destitute ot moun- 
tains, which wholly disappear in the south. The products 
of the forests here, are similar to those in the north, but 
interspersed with pine, which increases towards the south, 
forming, with the long-leaved pine, cypress, gum, swamp 
oak, holly, «fec. the immense forests which still exist there. 

Rivers. — Tennessee, Alabama, Talapoosa, ( oosa, Ca- 
hawba, Tombeckbee, Black Warrior, Chattahooche, &,c. 

Productions. — Cotton and corn are the chief, rice and 
sugar. 

Gold has been found in the northern part of this state. 



ALBANY. / 

Internal Improvements. — Consist of a Rail-road now in 
progress, from Decatur in Morgan Co. to a point lU miles 
below Tuscumbia, on the Tennessee. Length, G'2 miles. 
Huntsville Canal., from Triana on the Tennessee, to the 
town ot Huntsville, 16 miles in length. 

A canal has been commenced, extending from the head 
of ihe muscle shoals to Florence, length 37 miles. Other 
improvements are contemplated. 

Principal Towns. Mobile, Blakely, Montgomery, Tus- 
caloosa, Tuscumbia, Florence, Huntsville, <fcc. 
Alaqua, FI. (.313.) Alachua Ferry, Fl. (.329.) 

Alitamaha R., G. (304.) Albem rle Sound, N. C 

Alatamaha Canal, see Geor- (:238.) 

gia, (304.) Albion, 11. (166.) 

Albany, N. Y. (83) Capital of the state of New York, 
contains a population of about 30,000. The principal 
buildings are: the Capitol in State street. Academy in 
which the lyceum of the Albany Institute is established. 
Citj' Hall near the capitol, and about 20 churches, son)e of 
which are handsome edifices ; theatre, museum, public 
library, several banks, &.c. The canal pier, and basin, 
deserve particular attention. 

ROUTES FROM ALBANY. 



To JSew York., hy Steam 
Boat. 

Miles. 



Coeymans, 




13 


Coxackie, 


7 


20 


Hud -on. 


8 


28 


Catskill, 


6 


34 


(thence to Pine Orch- 




ard 14 miles.) 






Red Hook Landing, 


11 


45 


Kingston, 


10 


55 


Hyde Park, 


10 


65 


Poughkeepsie, 


5 


70 


New burg. 


\5 


85 


West P<.int, 


8 


93 


PeekskiU, 


10 


103 



Singsing, 
Phiilipsburg, 
New York, 



10 113 
16 129 
16 145 



To Buffalo by Erie Canal. 

Troy, 7 

Junction, 2 9 

Schenectady, 19 28 

Amsterdam, 18 46 

Schoharie Cr. 7 53 

('aughnawciga, 4 57 

Canajoharie, 12 69 

Little Fulls, \^ 88 

Herkiu)er, 7 L5 

Frankfort, 5 100 

Utica, 10 110 



ROUTES FROM ALBANY. 



Whitesboro, 


4 114 


Manchester, 


9 105 


Borne, 


11 125 


Vernon, 


8 113 


New liondon, 


7 13-2 


Lenox, 


9 122 


Canistota, 


14 146 


Sullivan, 


8 130 


New Boston, 


4 150 


Manlius, 


6 136 


Chitteningo, 


4 154 


West Hills, 


]2 US 


Manlius, 


8 lfi-2 


Skaneateles, 


14 162 


Syracuse, 


9 171 


Auburn, 


7 169 


Gt'ddesburg-, 


2 173 


Cayuga, 


9 178 


Cannon, 


12 185 


Waterloo, 


8 186 


Jordin, 


6 191 


Geneva, 


6 \n 


Wcedsport, 


6 ly7 


Canandaigua, 


16 208 


Montezuma, (Lake 




Bloomfield, 


9 217 


Port) 


9 206 


I^ima, 


9 226 


Clyde, 


11 217 


Avon, 


7 233 


Lyons, 


9 2j6 


(.-alcdonia, 


8 241 


Lockville, 


6 232 


Leroy, 


6 247 


Palmyra, 


9 241 


B.tavia, 


10 257 


F irport, 


11 252 


Pembroke, 


14 271 


Pitts^brd, 


8 "260 


Ransom's Grove, 8 279 


Rochester, 


10 270 


Williamsviile, 


8 2.^7 


O^den, 


12 282 


Buffalo, 


10 2J7 


Adams, 


3 285 







Brock port. 


5 2»0 


To Ithaca, 


by Stage. 


Holly, 


5 2 5 


Hamilton, 


8 


Alhion, 


10 305 


Dumesburg, 


12 20 


Loc^-port, 


28 333 


Esperance, 


6 26 


Pondltlon, 


7 340 


B;ekmansville 


19 45 


Tonnewanta, 


12 352 


Cherry Valley, 


7 52 


Buffalo, 


11 363 


Cooperstown, 


12 64 






Burlington, 


10 74 


To Buffalo, by Stage. 


S.nyrna, 


20 94 


Schnectady, by R. R. 16 


Deniyter, 


21 115 


Amsterdam, 


16 32 


Truxtun, 


10 125 


Cauffhnawag-a, 


11 43 


C rtlandt. 


13 138 


Palatine Bridge, 


11 54 


Ithaca, 


21 159 


M .nheiin, 


13 67 




— 


Little Falls, 


7 74 


To SackeVs 


Harbour by 


Her' imcr, 


7 81 


Stage. 


UUca, 


15 S6 


Utica, 


96 



ROUTES FROM ALBANY. 



Rome, 


Ifi 1 


12 1 


Fort Edward, 


8 46 


Fish Creek, 


11 123 


Sandy Hill, 


3 49 


Rcdfield, 


20 143 


Kingsbury, 


5 54 


Lorain, 


16 


[:y'^ 


Fort Ann, 


4 58 


Adams, 


8 


67 


Whitehall, 


14 72 


Sdckel's Harbor, 


10 177 1 












To Montreal, by Stage and 


To BaUston and 


Saratosa, 1 


Steam Boat. 




by Rail Road. 




Whitehall, as above. 


72 


Schenectady, 




16 




' Ticonderoga, 


23 95 


BaUston, 


14 


30 




Crown Point, 


14 109 


Saratoga, 


6 


36 




Basin Harbor, 


12 121 


(thence to Lake George 


Ph 


Essex, 


9 130 


32 miles.) 






g 


Burlington, 


15 145 








3 


S. Hero, 


9 154 


To Whitehall, by Champlain 


m 


Plattsburg, 


8 162 


Canal. 






^ 


Chazy, 


14 176 


Troy, 




7 




Isle au Noix, 


15 191 


Junction, 


2 


9 




.St. Johns, 


9 200 


Waterford, 


2 


11 


La Prairie, by Stage 


, 17 217 


Mechanicsville, 


8 


19 


Montreal, by Steam 




Stillwater, 


4 


23 


Boat, 


8 225 


Bemus Heights, 


3 


26 






Schuylersville, 


9 


35 


To Burlington, Vt., via 


Fort Miller, 


5 


40 


Bennington, Middlebu- 


Fort Edward, 


8 


48 


ry, Sfc. by Stage 




Kingsbury, 


5 


53 


Sand Lake, 


11 


Fort Ann, 


7 


60 


Berlin, 


10 21 


Narrows, 


6 


66 


Warm Spring, 


8 29 


Whitehall, 


6 


72 


Pownall, 
Bennington, 


4 33 
8 41 


To Whitehall, 


nj Stage, 


Shaitsbury, 


8 49 


Troy, 




6 


Sunderland, 


8 57 


Lansingburg, 


3 


9 


Munchesfer, 


8 65 


Watertbrd, 


1 


10 


Tin mouth. 


18 83 


Mechanicsville, 


8 


18 


Rutland, 


17 100 


Stillwater, 


2 


20 


Pittsibrd, 


8 108 


Schuylersville, 


13 


33 


Brandon, 


9 117 


Northumberland 


2 


35 


iMiddlebury, 


16 133 


Fort Miller, 


3 


38 


Vei 


•gennes, 


14 147 



10 



ARR 



ARE 



Charlotte, 


9 KR 


Northampton, 


14 74 


Burlington, 


13 163 


Hndley, 


4 78 






Bclehertown, 


10 88 


To Boston, by 


Stage. 


Western, 


14 102 


Union, 


11 


Brookfield, 


5 107 


Lebanon Spring, 


14 25 


Spencer, 


8 115 


Pittsficld, 


7 32 


Worcester, 


9 124 


DJlon, 


5 37 


Farniington, 


21 145 


Peril, 


9 46 


Brooldine, 


17 162 


Worthington, 


9 55 


Boston, 


4 166 


Chesterfield, 


5 60 







Alboro Bay, U. C. (75.) 
Aldie, Va.(176.) 
Allegheny R. Pa. (103.) 
Allegheny Portage Rail R. 
see Pennsylvania, (130.) 
Allentown Pa. (133.) 
Alligator Pt. FL (328.) 



Alexandria, N. Y. (34.) 
Alexandria, Me. (42) 
Alexandria, II. (^*3.) 
Alexandria, Pa. (128.) 
Alexandria, Mo (142.) 
Alexandria ( anal, see Co- 
lumbia, (176.) 



Alexandria, D. C. !76. A neat and pleasant city and 
port of entry, on the right bank of the Potomac, occupies 
the Southern angle of the District of Columbia. Popula- 
tion about y,000. The public buildings are, a Court Louse, 
six churches, two banks, &c. 

(For routes from Alexandria, see Washington, D. C.) 



Alexandria, L. (294.) 
Alfred, Me. (63.) 
Alton, II. (16.3.) 
Alston, S. C'. (274.) 
Amboy, N.J.(134.) 
America, II. (185,) 
Amesville, O. (15L) 
Amhurst, U. C. (74.) 
Amhurst, N. H- (85.) 
Amhurst C. H. Va. (195.) 
Amsterdam, N. Y.(82.) 
Amelia I.,F. (318.) 
Amoskeag Canal, See N. 
Hampshire, (62.) 



Alachua, F. f3l5.) 
Anastatia I., F. (330.) 
Annapolis, Md. (Capital of 

th« State), (177.) 
Andover, Mass. (^5.) 
Ann Arbour, Mich. (73.) 
Antwerp, N. Y. (34.) 
Andersonville, S. C. (252.) 
Angelica, N. Y. (78.) 
Anson, Me. (40.) 
A[)palachie Bay, F. (327.) 
Applington,G. (271.) 
Arringtons, N. C. (216.) 



ARKANSAS. 11 

Arkansas territory, (220,) is divided into 25 counties. 
Population in 1830, 30,388, including 4, .575 slaves. Area, 
60,700 square miles. Capital, Little Rock. Metropolis, 
Arkansas. I, at. 34^ N. Lon^. 14° 21' W. The officers of 
the g-overnment are appointed by the President and Sen- 
ate of the United States. 

Government. — The Governor is appointed by the Presi- 
dent, by and with the consent of the Senate, — salary, $2,000 
per arinum ; Secretary, do. — salary, $ ,000 per annum. 

There is a le^isl.itive Council consisting' of five mem- 
bers ; and i House of Representatives comprising' twenty- 
three members, who are elected biennially, on the first 
Monday in August; and they meet in the following Octo- 
ber. 

JurJiciary. — There are four Judges, appointed by the 
President, with the consent of the Senate. They hold 
Circuit Courts throughout tne territory. The sulary of 
each is $U.500. There is an Attorney and a Marshal lor 
the United States. 

Physical Strvctvre. — In the eastern part of the Territory, 
it is level, portions oi il often inundated ; in the centre, hills 
begin to shew themselves, and further west the country 
becomes mountainous, thougli level and elevated pi ins of 
considerable extent occur between the ridges. 

Rivers. — Arkansas, St. Francis, White, Washita, Red, 

&-C. 

Productions. — Cotton, Corn, Wheat ; the Peach, Grape, 
Plum, and some other fruits flourish in great abundance. 

Towns. -Little Rock, Arkansas, Point Chicot, St. Fran- 
cis, Jackson, Batesville, Litchfield, Lewisburg, Helena, 
Jefferson, Scotia, &,c. 

Arkansas River, Ark. (242.) AsheviUe, Ala. (267.) 

Arkansas, Ark. (243.) Atchafal.ya R., Lou. ^322.) 

Arlington, Vt. (fiO.) Atchafalaya Bay, Lou. (322.) 

Armagh, P. (12d.) Athens, P. (106.) 

Ash, Va. (176.) Athens, O. (150.) 

Assateague L, Md. (178.) Athens, II. (164.) 

Asheville, N. C. (232.) Athens, T. (230.) 

Ashboro, N. C. (235.) Athens, Ala. (247.) 



12 ATH 



BALLSTON. 



Athens, G. (270.) Aurora, II. (145.) 

Atkins, Va. (213.) Aurora, O. (101.) 

Atlas, II. (142.) Austeiiville, Va. (214.) 

Auburn, N, Y. (80.) Autaug-a, Ala. (284.) 

Augusta, K. (170.) Averysboro, N. C. (236.) 

Augusta, Miss. (297.) Avon, Me. (39.) 

Augusta, G. (272.) Avon, N. Y. (79.) 
Aurora, N. Y. (80.) 

B. 

Back Bay, Va. (219.) Balcony Falls Canal, see 

Bainbrid^e, O. (149.) Virginia, (195 ) 

Bainbridge, G. (303.) Balize, Lou. (325.) 

Eallston Spa. N. Y. (63.) The Springs at Ballston have 
long been celebrated for their medicinal virtues, and are 
resorted to by many invalids and others. The waters re- 
semble those of Saratoga, though not so strongly impreg- 
nated with the mineral ingredients. There are several 
good Hotels and private Boarding Houses, Reading Rooms, 
&c. in the village, which is justly regarded as one of the 
most pleasant and salubrious places of resort in the country. 

ROUTES FROM BALLSTON. 

Saratoga Springs, 6 I Waterford, by Stage, 22 

S iratoga Lake, 6 | Glenn's Falls, 25 

Schenectady, by Rail R. 14 I Lake George, 38 

Albany, " 30 | 

Ballsville, Va. (196.) 

BaUimore, Md. (156.) Is the chief city of Maryland, 
and the third in point of population in the United States. 
It occupies a favourable position and appears to much ad- 
vantage on approaching it from the west. The country 
immediately in the rear swells into hills, sufficiently eleva- 
ted to afford an extensive view of the city and its environs, 
and to render the entire landscape particularly attractive. 
Population in '830, 80,625. The objects most worthy of 
attention, are Washinifton Monument, at the intersection o 
Charles and Monument Streets ; it is surmounted by a colof 



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Ju I J f J ' H ?' —'"" 1 i-l Jiauinj JLli . 



1 EjrduiiKie 
Custom nmtse 
Vnitfil States Bank 

2 Catfifilixii 

3 VnitariaH Church 

4 St. Peters Vv. 

5 St.Patrick's Do. 

6 StPauli Do. 

7 Trinity So. 

8 Chnsh- Do. 

9 Presbyterian Do. 
K) Metiioilist Do. 

11 German Lvth. Do. 

12 Bai'tist Do. 

13 FriendsMeetiuQHous 

14 St.MarvsCollejfe 

15 Baltimore College 

16 rniierstty 

17 Sospitaf 

18 Alms House 

19 Dispensary- 

20 Penitentian- 

21 Prison 

22 Court House 

23 I.il>rar\' 

24 Tlieatfe 

25 Museum 

26 fl'iisliinaton Monum '. 

27 J?<jrr/# Monument 

28 ^jVp Spring 

29 Tosttmce 
3t) MasonicHall 
M Water m>rks 

32 Bankot'Baltunore 

33 buiian Queen Hotel 



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iilJJ]_J:idii3TJ- 

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BALTIMORE. 



13 



sal statute of Washington, elevated 1 63 feet. Battle Monu- 
ment in Calvert street. Exchang-e in Gay street. City 
Spring in Calvert street. Penitentiary on Madison street. 
Hospital in the N. W. suburbs. Cathedral ; Custom House ; 
two Colleges ; University buildings ; Alms House ; Court 
House ; two Theatres ; Museum ; Water Works, &.C. &c. 

ROUTES FROxM BALTIMORE. 



To Philadelphia by 


S. Boat 


To Washington by Stage. 


and Rail Road. 


Elkridge Landing, 


8 


Fort M' Henry, 


3 


Waterloo, 


5 13 


Sparrows Pt. 


6 9 


Vansville, 


10 23 


North Pt. 


3 12 


Bladensburg, 


8 31 


Pool's Inland, 


13 25 


Washington, 


6 37 


Turkey Pt. 


23 48 






Frenchtown, 


16 64 


To Washington by 


Steam 


N. Castle, by Rail R. 


16 80 


Boat. 




Chester, by S. Boat, 


17 i)7 


Bodkin Pt. 


13 


Philadelphia, " 


18 115 


Herring Bay, 


32 45 






Patuxent, 


32 77 


To Philadelphia by 


Steam 


Pt. Lookout, 


20 97 


Boat and Canal. 


Washington, B. P. 


31 128 


Turkey Pt as above 


48 


Mathews Pt. 


18 146 




' Bohemia, 


10 58 


Cook's Ferry, 


23 169 


^ 


Deep Cut, 


5 63 


Mt. Vernon, 


18 187 


TS 

c > 


St. Georges, 


4 67 


Alexandria, 


9 196 


o 


Delaware City, 


5 72 


Washington, 


8 204 




New Castle, 


6 78 






"^'hiladelphia. 


35 113 


To Wheeling, Va. 


by Rail 






Road and Stage. 


To Philadelphia by Stage. 




f Deep Cut, 


2 


Gunpowder V. 


14 




Washington road, 3 5 


■ bingdon. 


10 24 


'2 


Still house run 


1 6 


lavre De Grace, 


10 34 


1 


Patapsco river. 


4 10 


kton, 


16 50 


W - 


Ellicotts, 


2 12 


ilinington. 


20 70 


Pi 


Eagle Factory, 


2 14 


Chester, 


13 83 


Crossing of Pa 




Phi 


adelphia, 


15 ye 




. tapsco, 


15 26 



14 



BAL 



BAR 



. fSykes. 


3 29 


t Gillets run, 
(2 J Parrsville, 


6 35 


5 40 


rs 1 New Market, 


6 46 


p2 IVIonocacy river 
L Frederick, 


, 9 55 


4 58 


(Thence to the Pt, of 


Rocks, 11 miles.) 




Middletown, 


9 68 


Boonsboro, 


7 75 


(Thence to Hagers- 




town 11 miles.) 




Williamsport, 


12 87 


Jjig Spring, 


10 97 


Hancock, 


17 114 


Prattsville, 


18 132 




''Cumberland, 


21 153 




Mt. Pleasant, 


10 163 




Petersburg, 


25 188 


o 


Smythfield, 


4 192 


\Z 


Union, 


21 213 


c " 


B ownsville, 


12 225 


■2 


Hillsboro, 


11 236 


^ 


Washington, 


12 248 




W. Alexandria 


, 15 263 




.Wheeling, 


16 279 



To Frederick^ by Stage. 

EUicotts, 10 

Lisbon, 12 22 

Poplar Spring, 5 27 

Parrsville, 4 31 

New Market, 5 36 

Frederick, 11 47 

To Annapolis, by Stage. 
Patapsco R. 7 

Indian Landing, 14 21 

Annapolis, 9 30 

To Gettysburg, Pa. by Stage. 
Hookton, 6 

Reisterton, 11 17 

Westminster, 12 29 

Petersburg, 15 44 

Gettysburg, 10 54 

To York, Pa hy Stage. 

Govanston, 5 

Towsonton, 2 7 

Golden Ho. 7 14 

Herelord, 7 21 

W^isebury, 2 23 

Stiasburg, 11 34 

York, 14 48 



Baltimore and Ohio Rail 
Road. See Maryland, 
(156.) 

Baltimore and Susquehanna 
Rail Road. See Mary- 
land, (156.) 

Baltimore and Port Deposit 
Rail Road. See Mary- 
land, (156.) 

Baltimore and Washing-ton 
Rail Road. See Md. (156.) 



Bangor, Me. (il.) 
Banister, Va. (216.) 
Barataria B.iy, Lou. (3^3.) 
Barataria Lake, Lou (323.) 
Barbourville, K. (211.) 
Bardstown, K. (189.) 
Bargainlown, N. J. (158.) 
Barnegat Inlet, N. J. (158.) 
Barnesville, 0.(151.) 
Barnstable, Mass.fll2.) 
BarnweU, S. C. (272.) 



BAR 



BER 



15 



Batavia, N. Y. (55.) 
Burtonvillc, Mo. (162.) 
Bi.tusville, Ark. (223.) 
Bath, N. Y. (7.).) 
Bath Rail Road. See New 

York, (7 ).) 
B.tli, Va. (154.) 
Bath, N. C. (238.) 
Bi.ton Rou^e, Lou. (308.) 
BaysT., N. C.231. 
Be.ufijrt, N. C. (2.58.) 
Beans Station, T. (211.) 
B:aver, P. (128.) 
Beauorl, S. C (2*0.) 
Be;trd<to-vn, II. (118.) 
B.'c'c's Settlenent, II. (144.) 
Bed.hrd, N. Y. (IGJ.) 
Bi'dbrd, P. (130.) 
Bellair, Md. (15H.) 
Belle r^ontaine, (). (125.) 
Belleville, II. (164.) 
Bellville, K. (187.) 
Belle'onte, P. (131.) 
Beir St, Me. (40.) 
Blfont, Ala. (248.) 
Bclirrade, II. (186.) 
Beelersville,F. (312.) 
Bellows Falls Canal. See 

Vermont, (61.) 
Blmont, P. (107.) 
Belpre, O. (151.) 
Belvedere, N.J. (13.3.) 
Bennetville, S. C. (255.) 
Bennington, Vt. (83.) 
Benton, Vt. (60.) 
Benton, Mo. (185.) 
Benton, Miss. (280.) 
Berkshire, Vt. (37.) 
Berlin, P. (154.) 
Berges, N. C. (236.) 



Bervpick, P. (106.) 
Berkshire, O. (126.) 
Bertrand, Lou. (277.) 
Bethany, P. (107.) 
Bethania, N. C. (214.) 
Bethlehem, P. (133.) 
Beverly, Va. (17.3.) 
Big Hatchee, R,T. (225.) 
Bird, N. C:. (273.) 
Big S )ring, K. (188.) 
B. la Fourche, Lou. (323.) 
Binghaniton, N. Y. (81.) 
Bl.icksburg, Mich. (7.).) 
Bl icksburg, Va. (1 )4.) 
Black's R. Ark. (204.) 
Black's Bluff, Ala. (2)9.) 
Blackwater, Va. (218.) 
Blakely, G. (301.) 
Blakely, Ala- (311.) 
Blandford, Mass. '84.) 
Block I., R. I. (Ill) 
Bloomfield, N. Y. (79.) 
Bloomfield, K. (189.) 
Bloomfield, Ind. (146,) 
Blooinington, Ind. (146.) 
BlountviUe, T. (212.) 
BlounlsviKe, Ala. (248.) 
Boardman, 0.(102.) 
Boat Yard, or Kingsport, 

T. (212.) 
Bogue Inlet, N. C^. (257.) 
Bolivar, Miss. (265.) 
Bolivar, T. (22().) 
Bolton, Mass. (85.) 
Boonville, N. Y. (58.) 
Boonville, Mo. (161.) 
Boon^ville, Ind. (166.) 
Bordentown, N. J. (134.) 
Boston, Me. (Id.) 



16 BOSTON. 

Bellows Fails Canal. See Virg-inia, (176.) 

Vermont, (61.) Blackslone Canal. See Mas- 

Belleplain Rail Road. See sachusetts, (85.) 

Boston, Mass. (85.) Is the chief city of Massachusetts, 
and the fourth in magnitude in the United States. It is sit- 
uated on a peninsula, which extends in a north-east direc- 
tion frotii the main land, with which it is connected hy seve- 
ral hridg-es, in addition to" the neck" so called. Its outline 
is about five miles in extent. There are several thriving- 
vill ges in the neighbourhood of Boston, which may be 
considered as parts of the city, tJiough under different 
municipal regulations. 

The principal of these villages, are Charleston, Lechmere 
point, the Neck, and South Boston. The objects of interest, 
in and about Boston, are. — Treinont house, in ( "ommon st., 
an immense hotel containing 202 apartments. State house, 
opposite the common, (western part of the city). Old State 
house, court street. Faneuel hall, in Cha'ham St. Theatre, 
Federal street. Tremont Theatre. Atheneum. Statue of 
Washington in the state-house. Navy yard, and Breed's 
hill, rendered memorable by the battle between the British 
and American forces, on the 17th of June, 1775, commonly 
called the battle of Bunker's hill. 

Besides the bui'dings devoted to public uses, there is in 
Boston, an unusual proportion of splendid private dwellings, 
churi;hes, and scientific and literary institutions, lofming 
altogether, one of the most attractive places in the union. 

ROUTES FROM BOSTON. 



To Albany, by Stage. 




Chesterfield, 


14 106 


Brookline, 




4 


Peru, 


14 120 


Fanningham, 


17 


21 


Dalton, 


9 12J 


Westboro, 


10 


31 


Pittsfield, 


5 134 


Worcester, 


11 


42 


Lebanon Springs, 7 141 


Spencer, 


9 


51 


Albany, 


25 166 


Brookfield, 


8 


59 






Belchertown, 


19 


78 


To Hartford, 


by stage. 


Hadley, 


10 


88 


Brookline, 


4 


Northampton, 


4 


92 


Dover, 


11 15 



^ nillll "^ 

BT^ S 3a3aaaSs3s8 £ '- 




ROUTES FROM BOSTON. 



17 



Med way, 

Meiidon, 

Douglass, 

Tho.npscn, 

Ashford, 

Wiilington, 

Tolland, 

Ellington, 

Hartford, 



12 

9 

12 

14 

20 
2 
7 
5 



14 110 



To Providence hy Sta.£re,and 
thence to Nevj York by 
Steam Boat. 
Roxbury, 5 

D.dhiun, 5 10 

Wrentham, 18 '^8 

Attleboro, 7 35 

Pawtucket, 7 4.i 

Providence, 3 45 

Pawtuxet, 5 50 

Newport, 20 70 

Point Judith, 14 84 

New London Harb. 35 119 
(Thence to New London, 

4 miles.) 
Connecticut R. 14 133 

Fd^ners Is. 19 152 

New Haven Harb. 12 164 
(Thence to N. Haven, 

4 miles.) 
Blackrock, 19 183 

Southport, 5 188 

Old well, 8 1 )6 

W. St Greenwich, 16 212 
Frogs Pt. 1> 231 

New York, 16 247 

To Taunton, by Stage. 
Dorchester, 7 

Bridgewater, 15 22 



Taunton, 



12 34 



To Barnstable by Stage. 

Quincy, 9 

Weymouth, 6 15 

Hanover, 9 24 

Kingston, 11 35 

Plymouth, 6 41 

Sandwich, 18 59 

Barnstable, 13 62 

To Rutland, Vt. by Stage. 

Cambridge, 4 

Concord, 14 18 

Groton, 14 32 

I'ownsend, 9 41 

New Ipswich, 12 53 

Keene, 27 80 

Bellows Falls, 20 100 

Chester, 13 il3 

C^avendish, 12 1 j5 

Rutland, 26 151 



To Concord, 


N. 


H., and 


thence to Monpeh 


er, Vt. 


by Stage. 




Medford, 




6 


Stoneham, 




4 10 


Andover, 




11 21 


Methuen, 




4 25 


Londonderry, 




16 41 


Hooksot Fulls, 




19 60 


Concord, 




8 68 


Boscawen, 




10 78 


Andover, Vt. 




14 92 


Grantham, 




22 114 


Dartmouth Col 




11 125 


Stratibrd, 




16 141 


( 'helsea. 




9 150 


Barre, 




15 165 



2» 



18 



BRI 



Montpelier, 



9 174 



To Portland, Me. by Stage. 

Saugus, 10 

Dan vers, 7 17 

Topsfield, 6 23 

Rowley, 8 31 

Newburyport, 5 36 

Hampton, 9 45 

Portsmouth, 13 58 

York, 9 67 

Wells, 15 82 

Kennebunk Pt. 6 88 

S.ico, 10 98 

Portland, 16 114 



To Newhurybort, via 


Salem, 


by Stage, 




Chelsea, 


. 5 


Lynn, 


5 10 


Salem, 


5 15 


Beverly, 


2 17 


Wenham, 


4 21 


Hamilton, 


2 23 


Ipswich, 


5 28 


Newburyport, 


10 38 



Boston and Lowell Rail 

Road. See Massachusetts, 

(85.) 
Boston and Providence Rail 

Road. See Massachusetts, 

(85.) 
Boston and Worcester Rail 

Road. See Massachusetts, 

(85.) 
Boston, O, (101.) 
Boston, N. Y (78.) 
Bowling--green, Va. (176.) 
Bowling-green, Mo. (141 ) 



To Portland by Steam-Boat. 
Point Shirley, 4 

Nahant, 6 10 

Marblehead, 6 16 

Salem Harbor, 3 19 

(Thence to Salem, 

5 miles.) 
Gloucester Harb. 8 27 

(Thence to Gloucester, 

4 miles.) 
Cape Ann, 10 37 

Newburyport Harb. 16 53 
Boars Head, 7 60 

Portsmouth Harb. 12 72 
York Harb. 5 77 

Kennebunk H. 12 89 

Fletcher's Neck, 12 101 
Cape Elizabeth, 13 114 

Portland, 10 124 

Miscellaneous routes by 
Steam Boats. 

Fort Warren, 2 

Fort Independence, 3 

Long Island, 6 

Pt. Alderton, 10 

The Brewsters. 10 

Bowling green, K. (188.) 
Bowdoinham, Me. (40.) 
Bowerbank, Me. (l.-J.) 
Bow Canal. See New Hamp- 
shire, (62.) 
Boydtown, Va. (216.) 
Brandon, Vt. (60.) 
Brandon, Miss. (280.) 
Brattleboro, Vt. (84.) 
Brasstown, N. C. (230.) 
Brashears, Miss. {}iS{).) 
Bridge Town, Md. (1.57.) 
Bridgetown, N. J. (157.) 



BUFFALO. 



19 



Bridgretown, Me. (63.) 
Bridge Town, D. (178.) 
Bridgetown, Va. (198.) 
Bridgwater, Ala. (247.) 
Bristol, R. I. (HI.) 
Brockport, U. C. (34.) 
Brockport, N. Y. (55.) 
Brookfield, Mass. (84.) 
Brooklyn, C. (111.) 
Brooklyn, N. Y. (135.) 
Brookville, Ind. (148.) 
Brook ville, Md. (156.) 
Brownington, Vt. (37.) 
Brownsiown, Mich. (73.) 

Buffalo, N. Y. (78.) A flourishing city, situated on Lake 
Erie, and at the western termination of the Erie Canal. 
Population about 13,000. The public buildings are a 
court-house, several churches, banks, museum, hotels, &:-c. 
Stages, steam-boats and sailing vessels, arrive at and de- 
part from Buffalo almost every hour. 

ROUTES FROM BUFFALO. 



Brownsburg, T. (225.) 
Brownsville, P. (12 J.) 
Brownstown, Ind. (168.) 
Brownsville, 11. (185.) 
Browns, G. (250.) 
Bruinsburg, Miss. (295.) 
Brunswick, Me. (63.) 
Brunswick, N. J. (1.34.) 
Brunswick, N. C. (256.) 
Bryan C. H., G. ft>8).) 
Buchannan, Va. (l')2.) 
Buckstown, Me. (41.) 
Buffalo, Va. (172.) 



To Alba ly by th 


e Erie 


New Boston, 


12 213 


Canal. 






Canistota, 


4 217 


Tonnewanta, 




11 


Rome, 


21 238 


Pendleton, 


12 


23 


VVhitesboro, 


11 249 


Lock port, 


7 


30 


Utica, 


4 -53 


Albion, 


28 


58 


Herkimer, 


15 268 


Holly, 


10 


68 


Little Falls, 


7 275 


Brockport, 


5 


73 


Canajoharie, 


19 2 14 


Ogden, 


8 


81 


Caughnewaga, 


V2 306 


Rochester, 


12 


93 


Amsterdam, 


11 319 


Fair port, 


18 


111 


Schenectady, 


18 335 


Palmyra, 


11 


122 


Troy, 


21 356 


Lyons, 


15 


137 


Albany, 


7 363 


Montezuma, 


20 


157 





— 


Jordan, 


15 


172 


To Albany, 


by Staff e. 


Syracuse, 


20 


192 


WilliamsviUe, 


10 


Manlius, 


9 201 


Ransoms, 


8 18 



20 



ROUTES FROM BUFFALO. 



Pembroke, 


8 26 


To Erie, Pa. b 


y Stage. 


Batavia, 


14 40 


Hamburg, 


11 


Ijcroy, 


10 50 


Cattaraugus, 


19 30 


Avon, 


14 64 


Dunkirk, 


15 45 


Lifna, 


7 71 


Westfield, 


15 60 


Bloomfield, 


9 80 


Burget's Town, 


16 76 


Canandaigua, 


9 89 


Erie, 


14 90 


Geneva, 


16 105 






Cayuga, 


14 119 


To Erie, and thence to De- 


Auburn, 


9 128 


troit by Steam Boat. 


S ^aneateles, 


7 135 


Cattaraugus, 


28 


Wcsthills, 


14 149 


Dunkirk, 


13 41 


Manlius, 


12 161 


Westfield, 


15 56 


Lenox, 


14 175 


Erie, 


30 86 


Vernon, 


9 184 


Fair port. 


74 160 


Utica, 


17 201 


Cleveland, 


30 190 


Herkimer, 


15 216 


Sandusky, 


60 -^.50 


Liftle F..11S, 


7 223 


Detroit, 


75 325 


Palatine Bridge, 


20 243 






Amsterdam, 


22 265 


To Hamilton, by Stage. 


Schenectady, 


16 281 


Hamburg, 


11 


Albany by Rail R. 


16 297 


Boston, 


12 23 






Springville, 


10 33 


To Niasrara Falls, by Stage. 


Ellicottville, 


16 49 


Blackrock, 


1 


Hamilton, , 


20 69 


Chippewa, 


16 17 






Niagara Falls, 


2 19 


To Ithaca, by 


Stage. 






Aurora, 


15 


To Niagara Falls, 


by Stage, 


Warsavr, 


26 41 


via Manchester. 


Perry, 


8 49 


Blackrock, 


1 


Moscovf, 


7 56 


Tonnewanta, 


8 9 


Geneseo, 


4 60 


Schlosser, 


10 19 


Dansville, 


18 78 


The Falls, 


2 21 


(x)nhocton, 


8 86 






Bath, 


20 106 


To Rochester, by Stage. 


Jersey, 


10 116 


Batavia, as above. 


40 


Salubria, 


15 131 


Bergen, 


13 53 


Ithaca, 


20 151 


Rochester, 


17 70 







CAB 

To Ithaca., via Batavia and 

Cayuga Lake. 

Cayuga, as above, 119 

Union, by Steam B. 6 125 

Bull's Bay, S. C. (291.) 
Bulltown; Va. (173.) 
BurksviUe, K. (209.) 
Burg-ettstown, P. (77.) 
Burlington, Vt. (.36.) 
Burlington, N Y. (»l.) 
Burlington, N. J (134) 
Burlington, K. (148.) 



CAP 



21 



Aurora, by Steam B. 7 132 
Milton, do. 7 139 

Lualowsville, do. 10 149 
Ithaca, do. 8 157 

Burlington, Ind. (146.) 
Burlington, O. (171.) 
Burnthorn, Ala. (2 <9.) 
Bushvillo, P. (108.) 
Butler, P. (12 J.) 
Buzzards Bay, Mass. (112.) 
Byron, G. (302.) 
Byron, Mich. T. (73.) 



Cabin Pt. Va. (197.) 
Cadiz, K. (207.) 
Cadiz, O. (127.) 
Cahawba R.Ala. (267.) 
Cahawba, Ala. (283) 
Calcasiu R., Lou. (306.) 
Calcasiu Lake, Lou. (320.) 
Caldwell, N. Y. (60.) 
Caledonia, Mo. (164.) 
Calhoun, T. (230.) 
Cambridge, O (127.) 
Cambridge, Md. (177.) 
Cambridge, S.C. (253.) 
Camden Me. (40.) 
Camden, N.J. (157.) 
Camden and Avihny Rail 

Road. See New Jersey, 

(134.) 
Camden, S. C. (254.) 
Campbellsville, K.(189.) 
Campbells T. (230.) 
Ca npbells, N. C. (255 ) 
Cumpbellton, G. (26;J.) 
Canandaigua,N. Y. (79.) 
Canaseraga, N. Y. (58.) 



Canajobarie, N. Y. (82.) 
Canadea, N. Y. (78.) 
Canfield, O. (102.) 
Canton, N. Y. (34.) 
Canton, Ind. (145.) 
Canton, O. (127.) 
Canton, Ala. (2b3.) 
Canisteo, N. Y. (79.) 
Cantwell, D. (157) 
Cantrel's Ch., Lou. (323.) 
Cape Ann, Mass. (86.) 
C. Elizabeth, Me. (63.) 
Cape Cod, Mass. (86.) 
Caoe Cod Bay, Mass. (112.) 
Cape Henlopen, D.(178.) 
Cape May, N.J. (179.) 
Cape Malabar, Mass. (112.) 
Cape Girardeau, Mo. (185.) 
Cape Hatteras, N. C. (23J.) 
Cape Charles, Va. (199.) 
Cape Henrv, Va. (199.) 
Cape LooL-out, N. C. (258.) 
(^ape Fear, N. C. (275 ) 
Cape Kear R., N. C. (2.35.) 
Cape St. Bias, F. (326.) 



22 



CAP 



CHARLESTON. 



Cape St. Joseph, F. (326.) 
Cape St. George F. (327.) 
Cape Vincent, N. Y. (33.) 
Carrolton, II. (14.3.) 
Carrolton, G. (268.) 
Carlisle, Penn. (131.) 
Carlisle, Ind. (166.) 
Carlisle, K. (170.) 
Carljle, II. (164.) 
Canni, II. (i6.5.) 
C rman,N Y (136.) 
Carnesville, G. {"^Sl.) 
Carney, G (305.) 
Carlersville Va. (I'^e.) 
Carthage, N. ( '. (2.35.) 
Carthage, N. Y. (58.) 
Carthage, T. (209.) 
Casco Bay, Me. (63.) 
Casiine, Me. (41.) 
Catskill, N. Y. (83.) 
Catskill and Canajoharie Rail 

road. See N. Y (8-2.) 
Cattaraugus, N. Y. (77.) 
Catletsburg, K. (171.) 
Cataw ba, R., N. C. (233.) 
Catawba Canals. See S. 

Carolina, (254.) 
Catherinestown, N. Y. (80.) 



Cavendish, Vt. (61 .) 
Cayuga, N. Y. (80.) 
Cavuga Lake, N Y. (80.) 
Cedar Bay, N. J. (158.) 
Cedar Ink t, N. C. (,258.) 
Central Rail Road. See 

Penn^ylvanii, (132.) 
Centre ville, (). (15: i ) 
Centrcville Md. (157.) 
Centreville, Va. (176.) 
Centreville, K. (187.) 
Centreville, Ala. (283.) 
Centreville, Pa. (103.) 
Centre, N. Y. (81.) 
Centre, P, (103.) 
Ceres, P. (11)4.) 
Chataugay, N. Y. (35.) 
Champlain, N. Y. (36) 
Cham plain Canal. See 

New York, (60.) 
Chambersburg, P. (155.) 
Chandelleur Isles, L. (325.) 
Chaplin T., K. (20:'.) 
Charleston, N. H. (61.) 
Charleston, Va. (155.) 
Charleston, Ind. (168.) 
Charleston, Va. (172.) 



Charleston, S. C. (291,) the metropolis of the state of 
South Carolina, and the sixth city of the union in point of 
population. It contained in lb30, 30,289 inhabitants, in- 
cluding 15,534 slaves. It is situated at the point of junc- 
tion of Cooper and Ashley rivers, which here unite and 
form the outer harbour. The public buildings are : Alms- 
house in Mazyck street ; the Orphan's Asylum ; Exchange ; 
Circular Church; Court-house ai^d City Hall in Broad 
street; Medical College in Short street; Academy of Arts 
and Circus in Queen street ; South Carolina SocietyV II^U ; 
Ho-^pital in Back street ; and about twenty churches, some 
of which are very splendid. 



CHARLESTON. 
ROUTES FROM CHARLESTON. 



23 



To Hamhv 


rff, 


Bloody Point, 


18 94 


by S. C. Rail Road. 


Savannah, 


17 HI 


To Beesville, 


15 






Sumniersville, 


6 21 


To Wilmington, N. C. via 


Branchville, 


41 62 


Georgetowr 


t. 


Midway, 


10 72 


Jones', 


33 


Blacksville, 


15 87 


N. Santee R. 


12 45 


Aiken, 


32 119 


Georgetown, 


14 59 


Hamburg-, 


17 136 


Gr. Pedee R. 


26 85 






Conwayboro, 


15 100 


To Columbia, by Stage. 


Lit. River Inlet, 


27 127 


Dorchester, 


20 


Brunswick C. H. 


24 151 


Four Eloles Swamp, 17 37 


Brunswick, 


17 168 


Kerrs, 


14 51 


Oldtown, 


8 176 


Orangeburg, 


25 76 


Wilmington, 


8 184 


Conheim, 


25 101 






Columbia, 


13 114 


To Fayetttville, 


N.C. 






by Stage, 




To Savannah, Ga. 


by Stage. 


Quinby Br. 


25 


Guerin's Ferry, 


11 


Santee R. 


19 44 


Parker's, 


17 28 


Black Cr. 


15 59 


Pocataligo, 


32 60 


Port's F. 


34 93 


Coosawhatchie, 


6 66 


L. Pedee R. 


30 123 


Hoggstown, 


17 83 


liUmberton, 


34 1.57 


Savannah, 


23 106 


Fayetteville, 


32 189 


To Savannah, by Steam 


To Cheraw, by Stage. 


Boat. 




Bedheirner's, 


24 


Fort Moultrie, 


4 


Monk's Corner, 


9 33 


Coffin Land, 


6 10 


Gourdine's F. 


25 58 


Stono Inlet, 


11 21 


Kingstree, 


14 72 


St. Edisto Inlet, 


27 48 


Lynch's Cr. 


28 100 


St. Helena So. 


3 51 


Darlington, 


19 119 


Truncard's Inlet, 


21 72 


Society Hill, 


14 \3i 


Hilton Head, 


4 76 


Cheraw, 


13 146 



Chardon,0. (101.) 
Charlottsville, Va. (175.) 



Charlotte, N. C. (^34.) 
Charlotte, T. (207.) 



24 



CHA 



CtN 



Cbesterville, Me. (39v) 
Chesterville, S. C. (253.) 
Chesterfield, S. C. (254.) 
Chesapeake Bay^ Md. (177.) 
Chesapeake and Delavare 

Canal. See Md. (157.) 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canaly 

See Md. (157.) 
Chicago, II. (95.) 
ChickasawSj Miss. (245.) 
Chichis, Texas, (203.) 
Chicot, Ark. T. (i62.) 
Chillicothe, O. (149.) 
Chipola, F. (314.) 
Chippeway, U.C.(54.) 
Chiswell, Va. (198) 
Chittenango Canal. See 

New York, (82.) 
Cholsonville, Va. (217.) 
Chowan Navigation. See 

Virginia, (218.) 
Christianburg, Va. (194.) 
Christianville, Va. (21 6.) 
Church, N. C. (257.) 



Chataugay, L. C. (15.) 
Chattahochie, G (269.) 
Chiittaliochie River, Ala. 

(301.) 
Chattahochie R., G. (250.) 
Chatham, Mass. (112.) 
Chanmont, N. Y. (33.) 
Chagrine, O. (101.) 
Chehaw, G. (286.) 
Chelmsford, Mass. (85.) 
Chelsea, Vt. (61.) 
Cheeks, T. (21 1.) 
Chemung Canal. See New 

York, (80.) 
Chenango Canal. See New 

York, (81.) 
Cheraw, S. C. (255.) 
Cherokee, G. (24J.) 
Cherry Valley, N. Y. (82.) 
Chester, N. Y. (60.) 
Chester, Vt. (61.) 
Chester, \. H. (85.) 
Chester, Pa. (157.) 
Chester T. Md. (156.) 

Cincinnati. O. (148,1 the great emporium of the state of 
Ohio, was founded in 1789. Its population at present 
(lr34), is about 33,000, and is rapidly increasing. The 
public buildings consist of a Courthouse in Tenth street ; 
four Market-houses ; Bazaar in Third street ; Theatre in 
Second street ; Banks; College in Walnut street; Alhe- 
neum in Sycamore street ; Medical College in Sixth street ; 
Mechanics' Institute in Walnut street; two Museums, 
one in Main, and the other in Fourth street ; Hospital in 
Plum street; Lunatic Asylum; High-scliool, and about 
twenty-seven churches, some of which are very elegant. 

ROUTES FROM CINCINNATI. 



To Louisville, by Steam-boat. 
Lawrenceburg, 24 



Aurora, 4 28 

Rising Sun, 7 35 



ROUTES FROM CINCINNATI. 



25 



Fredericksburg, 20 55 
Vevay, 10 65 

Fort William, 10 75 

Madison, 13 88 

Westport, 21 109 

JetFerson villa, 22 131 

Louisville, 1 132 

Thence to N. Orleans, 1448 
miles. See Louisville. 



To Dayton, by Canal. 

Reading, 12 

Hamilton, 16 28 

Middletown, 14 42 

Franklin, 6 48 

Miamisburg, 6 54 

Dayton, 14 68 

To Columbus^ by Stage. 







Reading, 


10 


To Pittsburg, by 


Steam-boats. 


Sharon, 


5 15 


New Richmond, 


21 


Lebanon, 


16 31 


Pt. Pleasant, 


5 26 


Waynesville, 


9 40 


Moscow, 


6 32 


Xenia, 


15 55 


Mechanicsville, 


3 35 


Charleston, 


18 73 


Augu>ta, 


6 41 


London, 


11 84 


Ripley, 


9 50 


Georgesville, 


12 96 


Maysville, 


7 57 


Columbus, 


13 109 


M,.nchester, 


10 67 






Portsmouth, 


36 103 


To Greenville, 


by Stage. 


Burlington, 


41 144 


Mt. Pleasant, 


n 


Guyandot, 


7 151 


Hamilton, 


12 23 


Galli polls. 


34 185 


Newcomb, 


18 41 


Pt. Pleasant, 


3 1^8 


Eaton, 


8 49 


Letart's Is. 


29 217 


Greenville, 


28 77 


Belville, 


30 247 






Parkersburg, 


17 264 


To Indianapolis 


, by Stage. 


Marietta, 


13 277 


Miami, 


15 


Newport, 


16 293 


Harrison, 


8 23 


Sistersville, 


17 310 


Brookeville, 


17 40 


Elizabethtown, 


35 345 


Somerset, 


11 51 


Wheeling, 


13 358 


Rushville, 


14 65 


Warrentown, 


8 368 


Indianapolis, 


40 105 


Wellsburg, 


6 372 






Steubenville, 


7 379 


To Louisville, 


by Staff e. 


Fawcetstown, 


22 401 


Lawrenceville, 


23 


Bearer, 


19 420 


Madison, 


34 57 


Economy, 


9 429 


Louisville. 


38 95 


Middletown, 


9 438 






Pittsburg, 


11 449 


o 





26 



CIN 



CtEVEtAWD. 



To Lexington hy Stage. 
Newport, 
Gaines, 
Theobolds, 
Georgetown, 
Lexington, 



To Chillicothe, by Stage. 
1 I Newtown, 8 

12 13 I Batavia, 15 23 

12 25 I Williamsburg, 8 31 



20 54 
13 67 



Hillsboro, 

Bi.inbridge, 

Chillicothe, 



28 59 
22 81 

18 99 



Cinthiana,K. (16P.) 
Circleville, O. (150.^ 
ClHiborne, Ala. (299.) 
Clarksburg, Va. (152.) 
Clarksburg, Md. (155.) 
Clarksburg, K. (170.) 
Clarksville, T. (207). 

Cleveland, O. (101.) is a place of considerable trade, 
being situated at the nortliern termination ot the Ohio 
and Erie canal. 

ROUTES FROM CLEVELAND. 



Clarksville, G. (251.) 
Clarksville, Ala. (2j8.) 
Clarktown, N. Y. (109.) 
Claytonville, G. (251.) 
Clekrfield, P. (104.) 
Clermont, N. Y. (83.) 



To Buffalo by Steam Boat. 


To Portsmouth, by 


Canal. 


Fuirport, 


30 


Akron, 


38 


Erie, 


74 104 


New Portage, 


9 47 


Westfield, 


30 1.34 


Massillon, 


21 68 


Dunkirk, 


15 14J 


Bolivar, 


12 80 


Cattaraugus, 


13 162 


New Philadelphia, 


14 94 


Buffalo, 


28 190 


Gnadenhutten, 


13 107 






Coshocton, 


26 1.33 


To Detroit, by Steam Boat. 


Newark, 


40 173 


Huron, 


50 


Bloom held, 


5^2 225 


S.indusky, 


10 6(1 


(. ircleville. 


11 v36 


Detroit, 


75 135 


Chillicothe, 


20 256 






Piketon, 


24 280 






Portsmouth, 


27 307 


Clinton, N. Y. (58.) 




Clover Ball, Va. (174.) 


Clinton, T. (210.) 




Clubfoot Canal, See N. C. 


Clinton, K. (206.) 




(258.) 




Clinton, Lou. (.308.) 




Coal M., P. (104.) 




Clinton, G. (270.) 









COL 



COLUMBIA. 



27 



Coleraine, N. C. (218.) 
Coleraine, G. (317.) 
Coles, Va. (215.) 
Coles, N. C. (23.5.) 
Colinton, F. (327.) 
Coolidge, Ala. (2j8.) 



Codorus Navigation, see Pa. 

(132.) 
Colchester, C. (110.) 
Cold Camp, N. C. (256.) 
Cochectoii, N. Y. (1U7.) 
Coleman, Lou. (307.) 
Oblerainc, P. (148.) 

Columbia District of, (176.) Is divided into two coun- 
ties. Population in 1830, .39,858. Area, 100 square miles. 
Capital, City of Washington, Lat. 38=^ 53', N. The other 
towns, are Georgetown and Alexandria. 

Rivers, — Potomac, and its eastern branch. Internal fm- 
provements. — Alexandria canal, extends from the point of 
termination ofthe Chesapeake and Ohio canal at Georgetown, 
to Alexandria, 7 miles. Chesapeake and Ohio canal. See 
Maryland. Baltimore and Washington Rail roads. See 
Maryland. 



Columbia, N. H. (38.) 
Colutnbia, Me. (42.) 
Columbia, P. (13.>.) 
Columbia, Mo. (161.) 



Columbia, Ind. \,166.) 
Columbia, K. (189-) 
Columbia,Va. (1 6.) 
Columbia, T. (227.) 



Columbia, S. C. (254.) The capital of the state of South 
Carolina, situated on the great road from Washington to 
New Orleans. The legislative halls, state offices, and S. C. 
College, are the chief buildings. 

ROUTES FROM COLUMBIA. 



To Charleston, by Stage, via 


To Augusta, Ga, 


by Stage. 


Orangeburg. 


Lexington C. H. 


12 


Gran by, 1 


Leesville, 


17 29 


Conheim,. 12 13 


Lumkins, 


6 35 


Orangeburg, 25 38 


Lotts, 


12 47 


Kerrs, 25 63 


Edgefield, 


10 57 


Four Holes Swamp, 14 77 


Augusta, 


15 7'^ 


Dorchester, 17 94 






Charleston, 80 114 


' — - 





28 


COLUMBUS. 




To Fayetteville, N. C. by 


Yorkville, 


22 76 


Stage 


, 


(Thence to Salisbury, N. C. 


Colonels Cr. 


16 


74 miles.) 




Ferry over Wateree, 14 30 






Camden, 


2 3i 


To Greenville, by Stage. 


Debrules, 


12 44 


I^exington C. H. 


12 


Sander?!, 


12 56 


Saluda R. 


14 26 


Black Cr. 


9 65 


Newberry, 


17 43 


Cheraw, 


22 87 


Belfast, 


16 59 


Boundary, 


15 102 


Huntsville, 


8 67 


Laurel Hill, 


13 115 


Laurensville, 


9 76 


Lumber R. 


9 124 


Reedy R. 


19 95 


Fayetteville, 


24 148 


Greenville, 


19 114 


To Yorkville, 


by Stage. 


To Winsboro, 


29 


Round Top, 


10 


— RufTs Ferry, 


39 


Winnsboro, 


19 29 


— N. Edisto River, 


22 


Chesterville, 


25 54 


— M'Cord's Ferry, 


33 


Columbia, N.C. 


(238.) 


Columbiana, O. (128.) 


Columbia, Ala. (301.) 


Columbus, Ind. (147.) 



Columbus, O. (140,) capital of the state, founded in 1812. 
Population, about 3500, and rapidly increasing. Public 
buildings : State-house, Court house, State offices, Peniten- 
tiary, &.C. 

ROUTES FROM COLUMBUS. 



To Cincinnati, by stage. 



Georgeville, 

London, 

Charleston, 

Xenia, 

Waynesville, 

Lebcinon, 

Sharon, 

Reading, 

Cincinnati, 



12 
11 

18 
15 

9 
16 

5 



10 109 



To Portsmouth,, by stage. 
Bloomfield, 17 



Circleville, 

Chillicothe 

Piketon, 

Lucasville, 

Portsmouth, 



9 26 

19 45 

19 64 

13 77 

13 90 



To Athens, by stage. 
T/ythopolis, 

Green Castle, 4 

Lancaster, 7 

Logan, 17 44 

N.lsonville, 16 65 

Millville, 4 69 

Athens, 7 76 



21 
25 
32 







CONCORD. 


29 


To Wheeling, 


Va 


by the 


Jackson, 


12 105 


National Road. 


Medina, 


12 117 


Hebron, 




28 


Cleveland, 


27 144 


Zanesville, 




27 55 






Cambridge, 




25 80 


To Portsmouth 


by Canal. 


Fairview, 




21 101 


Junction, 


10 


St. Clairsville, 




24 125 


Bloon)field, 


7 17 


Wheeling-, 




10 135 


Circleville, 
Chillicothe, 


11 28 
20 48 


To Portland 


, hy stage. 


Piketon, 


24 72 


Worthiiigton, 




9 


Portsmouth, 


27 99 


Delaware, 




17 26 






Norton, 




11 37 


To Cleveland, 


by Canal. 


Bueyrus, 




26 63 


Hebron, 


34 


Portland, 




55 118 


Newark, 


10 44 




_ 




( /oshocton, 


40 84 


To Cleveland 


hy 


Stage. 


Gnadenhutten, 


26 110 


Granville, 




27 


Bolivar, 


26 136 


Mt. Vernon, 




20 47 


Massillon, 


1. 148 


Louden ville. 




24 71 


Akron, 


33 LSI 


Wooster, 




22 93 


Cleveland, 


37 218 



Columbus Canal. See (Jnio, 

(14J.) 
Columbus, K. (206.) 
Columbus, Miss. {265.) 
Cornells, Ala, (285 ) 

Concord, N. H. (62,) capital of the state of New Hamp- 
shire. 

ROUTES FROM CONCORD. 



Columbus, G. (285.) 
Competition, Va. (215.) 
Coombsville, K. (IbJ.) 
Coinpte, Lou. (2j3.) 



To Boston, by Stage. 



Hook set Falls, 

Londonderry, 

Metbu^n, 

Andover, 

St.jncliam, 

Medibrd, 

Boston, 



To Mofifpelier, Vt. by stage. 



Boscavven, 
19 27 Andover, 
16 43 Grantham, 
4 47 Dartmouth Col. 
11 58 Strat.ord, 
4 62 Chelsea, 
6 68 Barre, 

Montpelier, 
3* 



10 

14 24 
22 46 
11 57 
16 73 

9 82 

15 bl 
9 106 



'3^ CONNECTICUT. 



To Portsmouth, by staple, 
Det-rfield, 
Ni)ttingham, 
Deiiham, 
Ncwinfj-ton, 
Portsiuouth, 





18 


6 


24 





34 


5 


39 


7 


46 



To White Hills, by stage. 

Boscawen, 10 

Bristol, 2Q 32 

riymouth, 13 45 

Thornton, 12 57 

P.tlin^, 11 68 

Beti,lcliem, 1 • 87 

Mt. Washington, 15 10-^ 

Concord N. Y. ^83.) Coudersport, Pa. (104.) 

Concord, N. C. C:'34.) Cornwiill, Can. (14.) 

Concordij, L. (2,)5.) Copenhagen, N. Y. (58.) 

Conesloga Navigi.tion. See C'onneaug-ht, O. (102.) 

Pennsylv,.nii, (132.) Connecticut R. (3d.) 

Covington, N. Y. (78.) 

Connecticut, state of (101,) is divided into eight counties. 
PopuLition in lb30, 2*7,711 Area, 5,100 squ re miles. 
Capitals, H..rt ord and New H iven. Metropolis, Nevv- 
Haven. Lat 41° 10' N. Longitud 3^ 58 E. General 
election, first Monday in April; legislature meet first 
Wednesday in May; constitution formed, 18l8. 

Corieimnent. — The governor is elected annually ; salary 
$1,100. Lieuteniiit Governor receives $300 per annum. 

The Legisli.ture is styled the Gent ral Assembly, and 
consists of twenty-one Senators, and 208 members o; the 
House of Representatives, elected annually. The pay of 
the former is $2 a d.y each, and o the latter $1,50 a d>.y. 

The gener 1 Assembly has one stated session every 
year, alternately at Ha»"tford and New Haven. 

Judiciary. — The judicial pow(;r is vested in a Supreme 
Court of Eirors, a Superior Court, and such in erior ci;urts 
as the Legislature may istublish. The judges are ; ppoiuted 
by the General Assembly, and those of the Supreme and 
Superior ('ourts hold their offices during good behaviour, 
but not beyond the age o seventy ye..rs. 

The (/hief Justice of the Supreme (M)urt receives $1100 
per annum. The four Associate Judges $1050 each. 

/ hysicid Stivrtvre. — The st te of ( onnecticut is natu- 
rally divided into three p;irts by the rivi rs Connecticut and 
Hous..tonic. The eastern section is co n[)^ratively level, 
having but few, if any elevations deserving the nameof moun- 



COF 



CRO 



31 



tains. The middle section, or that portion of the stnte lying 
be) ween ihe Connecticut river on tiie east, and the Hoiisato- 
nic on the west, is strictly a mountainous rej.'ioi),esptci- lly 
the N. W. part o it. The third, or western section is, w i'h 
the exception or the southern portion oi Fdrfitld county, 
coiuposed almost entirely of hills and mountains, some of 
which attain to an elevation of 3,500 leet. 

Rivers. — Housaionic, NiiUfjfatuck, Connecticut, Furujing- 
ton, 'I'hames, Quineb ug and Shetuc! et. 

Towns. — Hartord, New Havin, Middletown, New Lon- 
don and Norwich are incorporated cities ; Hridgepctrt, 
Guil ord, Killingworth, Newtown, Stamlord, Stoningten, 
Waterbury, &c. 

Productions. - Indian corn, wheat, rye and other small 
grains; flax, hemp, «fcr. (Jtc. 

fntyrnal fm prove meats. — Farmington Canal extends 
from New Haven, to the north honiidiirv of tin Stote. It is 
proposed to continue this canal to Northampton a further 
distance of '22 miles; entiie length so far as completed 56 
miles ; Enfield Canal is designed to overcome the Enfield 
falls in Connecticut River. Length 5 ]-2 njiles. 



Coffeeville, Ala. (2:")8.) 
Cote u du Lac, (^an. (14.) 
Conuecnh R., Ala. (300.) 
Connel»<ville, . (12 ».) 
Const.nt, N. C. (218.) 
Cooiidge, Ala. (2-8.) 
Coupsee, Lou. (308.) 
Cowpens, S. C. (233.) 
Conwayboro, S.('. (274.) 
Cootes Paradise, Ccin. (54.) 
Conyngham, P. HOG.) 
Covington, II. (164.) 
Cooperstown, N. / . (82.) 
Corydon, In. (167 ) 
Coo|>ersport, P. (104.) 
Cote Sans dessein. Mo. (162.) 
Coosa, Ala. (267., 
Cosawhatchic, S. C. (230.) 
Coosa R., Ala. (267.) 



Cotton port, Ala. ('MS.) 
Covington, (^. (270.) 
Covington, Lou. (3J K) 
Covington, T. (225.) 
Coshatlie Ii di:.ns, L. (306.) 
C^oyemans, N. Y. ('^3.) 
Crab Orchard, Va. (213.) 
Covington, P. (1;)5.) 
CrubOrch.ird, T. (230.) 
Coshattii Village, Ar!^ (277.) 
Crahs Bcttom, Va. (174.) 
Craflsbury, Vt. (37.) 
Craw orrisville, Ind (122.) 
Cr cket, N. C:. (254.) 
Croghi.nville, O. (.l^*.) 
Croiiked Lake Canal, see N. 

York, (7*.) 
Cross Fiver, Mis. (2 6.) 
Cr. Keys, Va. (217.) 



33 



CRO 



DELAWARE. 



Croton, N. York, (109.) 
Crpwn Point, N. Y. (60.) 
Crow Town, Ala. (24J.) 
Crugers T., Md. (155.) 
Cuffey T., S. C. (271.) 
Culbreaths, S. C. (271.) 
Cumberland, Md. (154 ) 
Cumberland, Va. (1^7.) 
Cumberland R., K. (207.) 



Cuml)erland, R., K. & T. 

(2ua.) 

Cumberland I., G. (313.) 
Cumberland Gap, Va. (211. 
Cumberland and Oxfurd 
Canal, see Maine, (63.) 
Cunningham, Id. O. (loO.; 
Currituck inlet, N. C. (219.) 
Curwinville, P. (104.) 
Cuthbert, G. (302.) 



DuguidsvilIe,Va.(195.) 
Dateville, Ala. (301.) 
Dallas, T. (22J.) 
Damascus, O. (98.) 
Damascus, P. (107.) 
Dan Navigation, see Virg. 

(215.) 
Danbury, C. (109.) 
Danbury, N. C. (215.) 
Danbv, Vt. (61.) 
Ddndridge, T. (231.) 
Danielsville, G. (251.) 
Danville, P. (132.) 
Dansville, N. Y. (79.) 



Danville, Vt. (37.) 
Danville, I!. (121.) 
Danville, K. (190.) 
Danville, Va. (215.) 
Darlington, S. C. (255.) 
D.rlington C. H , S.C. (272.) 
Darien, G. (305.) 
DavidsonviUe, Ark. T. (204.) 
Davis, Va. (217.) 
Dayton, O. (148.) 
Decatur, II. (144.) 
Decatur, G. (26j.) 
Dedham, Mass. (85.) 
Defiance, O. (U8.) 



Delaware, state of, (157.) is divided into three counties. 
Population 76,73J, including 3,305 slaves. Area, 2,2J0 
square miles. Capital, Dover. Metropolis, Wiluiington ; 
Lai. 3.P 44' N. Long. P 23 E. General election, first 
Tuesday in October. Legislature meet, first Tuesday in 
January, biennially. Constitution formed, 17y2. 

Government. — Governor, term of office tour years; elect- 
ed by the people ; salary, $1,333, not eligible a second 
time. Legislature consists of a Senate, nine members. 
House of Representatives composed o:"twenty-one members. 

Judiciary. — Comprehends a court of errors and appeal ; 
a superior court; a court of chancery; an orphans' court; 



DEL DET 33 

a court of oyer and terminer ; and some other minor 
courts. 

Physical Structure. — The two southern counties of this 
St te are level. In the northern part oi New Castle county, 
hills of considerable elevation occur. One of the most re- 
markable features in the natural geography of the state is 
the noted swatnp, situated on the summit of the mainridge, 
from which the waters flow into both the Chesapeake Bay 
on the West and the Delaware on the East. 

Rivers. — Delaware, Indian, Mispillion, Duck, Brandy, 
wine and Christiana creeks, I ranches of the Delaware. 
Nantikoke River which flows into Chesapeake Bay. 

Islands. — Pea Patch, Reedy and Bombay, Hook Islands. 
Productions. — Wheat, rye, Indian corn, barley, oats, 
buckwheat, &c. 

Towns. — Wilmington, New Castle, Dover, Delaware 
City, Milford, Georgetown, Lewistown, <&,c. 

Internal Improvements. — Chesapeake and Delaware 
Canal from Delaware to Bohemia ; length 13 63-100 miles. 
New Castle and Frenchtown Rail Road extends from New 
Castle to Frenchtown, length 16 19-100 miles A Rail 
Road to extend from Wilmington to Downingtown in 
Pennsylvania, is proposed. 

Delaware, O. (125.) Delhi, N. Y. (82.) 

Delaware R., P. (134.) Delphi, Ind. (l^-^.) 

Delaware Bay, N. J. (157.) Demopolis, Ala. (283.) 

Delaware, Va. (1J8.) Demints, II. (165.) 

Deliware S^ Raritan Canal, Denton, Md. (178.) 

see N. Jersey, (134.) Dennyville, Me. (42.) 

Delaware & Raritan Feeder, Dennis Ct., N. J. (158.) 

see N. Jersey, (134.) Deposit, N. J. (81.) 

Delaware, Ark. T. (^60.) Deerfield, O. (101.) 

Detroit, Mich. T. (74.) This is the present capital of 
Michegan Territory. Its population is now (1834), about 
4,000. Founded by the French in 1670. The public 
buildings are. a legislative hall, market and court houses, 
churches, &cc. 



34 


DETROIT. 




ROUTES FROM DETROIT. 




To Cincinnati, by 


Staoe. 


Factory, 


16 102 


B. Rouge, 


6 


Post 0. St. Josephs 




Brownstown, 


10 16 


River, 


50 152 


Monroe, 


19 35 


Edwardsville, 


20 172 


Perrysburg, 


30 65 


Calamic River, 


81 253 


Finley, 


40 105 


Chicago, 


14 267 


Hardin, 


31 136 






Bellefontaine, 


22 158 


To Chicago, via Montcalm. 


West Libertjs 


8 166 


Schwarzburg, 


20 


Urbana, 


11 177 


Dexter, 


29 49 


Springfield, 


14 191 


Montcalm, 


25 74 


yellow Springs, 


9 200 


Kalamazoo, 


63 137 


Xenia, 


9 209 


Mouth of St. 




Waynesville, 


15 224 


Josephs, 


47 184 


Lebanon, 


9 233 


Chicago by Steam B. 64 248 


Reading, 


21 254 






Cincinnati, 


10 264 


To Chicago by Steam Boat. 







Grants Pt. 


12 


To Buffalo, by Steam Boat. 


Horson's I. 


18 30 


Sandwich, 


3 


Cottrellville, 


8 3d 


Fighting Island, 


5 8 


Palmer, 


12 50 


Gra'^s I. 


7 15 


Bunceville, 


6 56 


Anihurstburg, 


4 19 


Fort Gratiot, 


7 63 


Middle Sister, 


20 39 


White Rock, 


42 105 


Pass I. 


17 56 


Pt. au Barques, 


35 140 


Sandusky, 


19 75 


Thunder Island, 


30 170 


Cleveland, 


60 135 


Middle I. 


25 195 


Fairport, 


30 165 


Presque I. 


60 255 


Erie, Pa. 


74 239 


Mackinaw, 


55 310 


Wtstfield, 


30 269 


Beaver I. 


45 355 


Dunkirk, 


15 284 


Manitou I. 


35 3-0 


Cattaraugus, 


13 2:)7 


Chicago, 


250 640 


Buffklo, 


28 325 










To Ft. HoiPard, Green Bay, 


To Chicago, by Stage. 


by Steam Boat. 


R. Rouge, 


10 


[?oaver I. as above, 


355 


Ypsilanti, 


18 28 


J. Brule, 


30 3«5 


Jackson, 


11 39 


G. Traverse, 


10 3d5 


Jonesville, 


47 86 







Die 



EASTON. 



35 



Chambers 1. 


25 420 


Green I. 


15 435 


Fort Howard, 


40 475 



To Saginaw, by Stage. 
Pontidc, 24 

Indian Vil. 35 59 



Saginaw, 



34 93 



Dickinsonville, Va. (212.) 
Dismal Swamp Cunal. See 

Va. (21W.) 
Dittos, Ala. (2480 
Dixmont, Me. (40.) 
Dixon's F., II. (93.) 
Doaks, Miss. (2.S0.) 
Dobson, N. C. (214.) 
Dobv Inlet, G. (305.) 
Dociortown, G. (305.) 
Dagshoro, D. (17b) 
DonaJdsonville, Lou. (308.) 
Dorchester, S. C. (2j0.) 
Dorchester, L. C. (15.) 
Dover, N. H. (63.) 
Dover, capital ot the state of 

Delav\are, (157.) 
Dover, Va. 197. 
Dover, T. (207.) 



To Fort Grutiol by Stage. 
Mt. Clemens, 20 

Palmer, 26 46 

Bunceville, 6 52 

Ft. Gratiot, 7 59 



E. 



Downing T., Pa. 133. 
Doyleslown, Pa. (133.) 
Drehr's Canal. See S. C. 

(253.) 
Drummondton, Va. (199.) 
Dresden, T. (206.) 
Duanesburg, N. Y. (82.) 
Dublin, G. (^88.) 
Duerville, N. Y. (36.) 
Dulatsburg, P. (133.) 
Dumfries, Va. (176.) 
Dumfries, Ala. (298.) 
Duridaff, P. (107.) 
Dunkirk, Va. (197.) 
Dunlapsville, Ind.(l48.) 
Dunn, Ala. (266.) 
Duplin C H., N. C. (257.) 
Dwight, Ark. T. (221.) 
Dyersburg, T. (225). 

Earleysburg, Pa. (131.) 



Eastport, Me. (42.) 
East Andover, Me. (39.) 

Kaston, Pa. (1.33.) a flourishing town, and seat of justice 
of Northampton county. It contains a court house, jail, 
academy, and two banks, with a population of about 5000. 
ROUTES FROM EASTON. 



To M'wch Chunk, by CamL 


To Bristol, by term, canal. 


Bethlehem, ■"■'•,;- - 12 


Raubsville, 5 


AUcntown, 5 17 


Monroe, 6 IJ 


BcHin, 11 28 


Ervveriton, 9 20 


Lehightown, 14 4.' 


Lumberville, 9 23 


Mduch Chunk. 4 46 


New Hope, 6 35 


" 


Taylorsville, 8 43 



36 



ELM 



Yardleyville, 
Morrisville, 
Tnllytovvn, 
Bristol, 



3 46 

4 50 

5 55 
5 60 



To Jersey City, hy Morris 
canal. 

Hacket's, N. J. 26 

Dover, 20 46 

Boonton, 10 56 

Paterson, 16 Tl 

Newark, 14 86 

Jersey City. 14 100 



To Reading, hy 
Bethlehem, 
Allentown, 
Trexlerstown, 
Kutztown, 
Reading, 



10 
6 16 

8 24 

9 31 
17 50 



Easton, Md. (178.) 
East Fork, Ind. (167.) 
Eaton, O. (14(S.) 
Eatonton, G. (270.) 
Ebenezer, G. (28 ).) 
Ebensburg, P. (130.) 
Edenton, N. C. (218.) 
Edgar Town, Mass. (112.) 
Edgefield, S. C. (272.) 
Edington, Me. (41.) 
Edinburg, G. (252 ) 
EdistoR.,S.C. (273.) 
Edwardsburg, Mich. T. (96.) 
Edwardsville, II. (164.) 
Eddyville, K. v;i87.) 
Egnice, N.C. (215.) 
Elba, N. Y. (36.) 



To Wilkesbarre, by Stage. 
Wind Gap, 13 

Stoddartsville, 27 40 

Wilkesbarre, 18 58 

To New York, by Stage. 
Schooley's Mt. Springs, 26 
Morristown, 21 47 

Newark, 19 66 

New York, 10 76 

To Philadelphia, by Stage. 
Ottsville, 17 

Doylestown, 15 32 

Willow Grove, 11 43 

Philadelphia. 13 56 

To Trenton, N. J. hy Stage. 
Bloomsbury, N. J. 8 

Flemmington, 19 27 

Pennington, 16 43 

Trenton. 8 51 



Elberton, G. (252.) 
Elizabeth I., Mass. (112.) 
Eliza bethtown, N.J. (l34.) 
Elizabethtown, K. (189.) 
Elizabeth, Mo. (162.) 
Elizabeth, N. C. (256.) 
Elizabeth City, N. C. (218.) 
Elkton, T. (227 ) 
Elkton, Md. (157.) 
Elkton, K. (207.) 
Elkhearl Grove, II. (143.) 
Ellicott,Md. (156.) 
Ellicottsville, N.Y. (78.) 
Ellis, N. C. (256.) 
EUisville, Miss. (297.) 
Ellisto I., S. C. (2d0.) 
Elms, S. C. (290.) 



ELM 



FLORIDA. 



37 



Klmore, Vt. (37). 
Elyria, O. (100.) 
Elysian Fields, Miss. (295.) 
Elyton, Ala. (267.) 
Eniporiutn, P. (104.) 
Enfield Canal, seeCt.<110.) 
Englishman's Bay, Me. (4^2.) 
E,.els, S. C. (254.) 
Erie Canal, in N, Y. (56.) 
Erie, Ala. (283.) 
Ernestown, U. C. (33.) 
Erie, P. (76.) 
Errol, N. H. (38.) 
Essex, N. y. (36.) 
Estelsville, Va. (212.) 
Etowah, G. (250.) 
Etowah R., G. (250.) 
Euphrata, P. (132.) 
Eutaw Springs, S. C. (273.) 
Evansville, Ind. (166.) 
Evansham, Va. (213.) 
Exeter, N. II. (86.) 
Fairfield, C. (10:).) 
Fairfield, 11.(165.) 
Fairfield, Va. (195.) 
Fairfax, Va. (175.) 

Florida, (313.) The territory of Florida is divided into 
18 counties, and has a population of about 40,000. Area 
55,680 square miles. 

Government. — The Governor is appointed by the Presi- 
dent, by, and with the advice and consent of the Senate; — 
salary, $2,500 per annum. Secretary, — salary, $1,500. 

The Legislative Council consists of sixteen members, and 
meets annually (at Tala/iassee) on the first Monaay in Jan- 
ary. 

Judiciary. — There are four judges, appointed by the 
President and Senate — one lor each of the four districts 
which have been named. The salary of each, $1,500. 

thi/sical Structure. — The entire Territory ol Florida, 



Fairfax, Va. (176.) 
Fuirhaven, O. (1 00.) 
Fairview, O. (127.) 
Falmouth, K. (169.) 
Falmouth, Mass. (112.) 
Fannetsburg, P. (1 31.) 
Farmington, C;t. (110.) 
Farminglon Canal, see Ct. 

(108.) 
Farmington, Mo. (184.) 
Farrington, 11. (118). 
Farmville, Va. (1:j6.) 
Fayetteville, N. V. (236.) 
Fayetteville, T. (228) 
Fayetteville, Ala. (265). 
Fayetteville, G (26J.) 
Finley, O. (99.) 
Fincastle, Va. (195.) 
Fish hou.se, N. Y. (59.) 
Fishkill, N. Y. (lOd.) 
Fisher's I., C. (110.) 
Flat Rock, P. (1530 
Flemington, N. J. (134.) 
Fleiiiingsburg, K. (170.) 
Flint River, G. (^302.) 



38 FLORIDA. 

with the exception of a small portion west of the Appalachi- 
cola, is remarkable for its level and unbroken surface. 
No elevation deserving the name of mountain, nor anj' hill 
exceeding 300 feet in height, is to be found. In t le vi- 
cinity of Toloso, a limestone ridge occurs, merely sufficient 
to give motion to the wate.s. Natural bridges, common to 
limestone regions, abound in this section of the territory. 
Proceeding southward, the ridge just mentioned becomes 
more depressed, until it reaches the source of the Oclawaha, 
where it disappears entirely, though similar geological 
features may be traced several miles further south. All 
below the 2n° of N. Lat. consist of flat lands, subject to oc- 
casional, hnd a large portion of it, to constant submersion. 

Rivers. — St. Johns, Escambia, Yellow Water, Chocta- 
whatchie, Appalachicola, Oclackonnee, JJuwanee, St. Ma- 
rys, &c. 

Bays. — Perdido, Pensacola, Choctawhatchie, St. An- 
drews, Appalachee, St. Josephs, Charlotte, Gailivans, and 
Chatham on the Gulf 

No bays of any importance exist on the Atlantic side of 
the Territory ; Mosquito Lagoon, Indian river, &c. re- 
seuible bays, but like the St. Johns, they are merely ex- 
panded rivers, and cannot with propriety be caiicd bays. 
■ Productions. — Cotton, rice, sugar, tobacco, indiyo, In- 
dian corn, &.C. togetl-er with a great variety of garden 
vegetables. 

Toioris. — Tallahassee, the capital ; Pensacola, St. Augus- 
tine, Alaqua, VVebbville, Appalachicola, Quincy, Monticello, 
Jacksonville, &lc. 

Florida, F. (315.) Fort Portage O. (99.) 

Florida, Ala. (2.)8,) Fort Ann, N. Y. (60.) 

Florence, Ala. (247.) Fort Dearborn, II. (95.) 

Ford^., Miss. (2.'<7.) Fort Edwards, II. (117.) 

Forsyth, G. (^270.) Fort Erie, U. C. {11.) 

Forliii, Lou. (309.) Fort Brown, O. (98.) 
Fort Gratiot, Mich. T. (51.) Fort Necessity, O. (125.) 

Fort St Mary, O. (124.) Fort Deposit, Ala. (248.) 

Fort Amanda, O. (124.) Fort Early, G. (286.) 

Fort Recovery, O. (124.) Fort Armstrong, Ala. (249.) 



GALENA. 



39 



Fort Strother, Ala. (267.) 
Fort Chinnabie, Ala. (267.) 
Fort Talladega, Ala. (267.) 
Fort Williams, Ala. (267.) 
Fort Jackson, Ala. (284.) 
Fort Mitchell, Ala. (285.) 
Fort Bainbridge, Ala. (285.) 
Fort Lawrence, G. (2S6.) 
Fort Mimms, Ala. (299.) 
Fort Crawford, Ala. (299.) 
Fort Dale, Ala. (.300.) 
Fort James, G. (304.) 
Fort Gaines, G. (301.) 
Fort Scott, G. (315.) 
Fort Barrington, G. (305.) 
Fort Bowyer, Ala.(311.) 
Fort St. Phillip, Lou. (324.) 
Fowl, T. (314.) 
Francestown, N. H. (85.) 
Franconia, N. H. (38.) 
Franklin, Pa. (103.) 
Frankhn, Va. (174.) 
Franklin, Ind. (147.) 
Franklin, K. (208.) 
Franklin, T. (228.) 
Franklin, N. C (231.) 
Franklin, G. (269.) 



Franklin, Miss. (295.) 
Franklin, Lou. (.32-2.) 
Franklintown, Lou. (309.) 
Franklinville, G. (316.) 
Frankfort, II. (186.) 
Frankfort, Lid. (122.) 
Frankfort, Va. (1.94.) 
Frankfort, capital of Ken- 
tucky, (169.) 
Franktown, Va. (199.) 
Fraser,N.C. (217.) 
Fredericksburg, Ind. (167.) 
Fredericksburg, Va. (176.) 
Fredericktown, Md. (155.) 
Fredericktown, Mo. (184.) 
Fredericktown, O. (126.) 
Fredonia,N.Y (77.) 
Fredonia, O. (167.) 
Freehold, N. J. (134.) 
Freeport, Pa. (129.) 
Freeport, Me. (63.) 
Frenchmans B. Me. (4L) 
French T., Miss. (311.) 
Friendsvillo, Pa. (106.) 
Fulsoms, Miss, (265.) 
Fryburg, Me. (62.) 
Foxboro, Mass. (85.) 



G. 

Gainsville, G. (25 1 .) Galvezton, L. (309.) 

Galena, 111. (66,) is the centre of an extensive lead re- 
gion, in Illinois, and the districts of Huron or Wisconsin, 
and Sioux. Population about 2000. 

ROUTES FROM GALENA. 



3'o St. Louis, hy Steam Rush Creek, 


8 


26 


Boat. Plum Creek, 


10 


36 


MisFissippi River, 4 Maradozia, 


10 


46 


Apple Creek, 14 18 Fort Armstrong, 


24 


70 



40 GAL 

Copper Creek, 


26 96 


GEORGIA. 
To Fort Winnebago 


by land. 


Fort Rdvvards, 


lUO 196 


Gratiot's Grove, 


15 


Hannibal, 


41 237 


Dodgeville, 


30 45 


Louisiana, 


25 262 


Moundville, 


14 59 


Illinois River, 


72 .334 


Fort Winnebao^o, 


54 113 


Missouri River, 


17 351 






St. Louis, 


17 368 


To Chicago, by land, 169 


To Prairie du C/iien. 


To Vandalia, by 


land. 


N. boundary of 11. 


17 


Rock River, 


65 


L. Platte Cr. 


7 24 


Peoria, 


76 141 


Grant Cr. 


6 30 


Spring-fieldf 


65 206 


Cassville, 


14 44 


Vandalia, 


55 261 


Prairie Du Chien, 


24 68 







Gallipolis,0. (171.) 
Gallatin, T. (208.) 
Gandysville, Va. (153.) 
Gap,N. H. (38.) 
Garland, Me. (40.) 
Gasconade, Mo. (162.) 
Gasconade R., Mo. (182.) 
Gasaways, II. (186.; 
Gates C. H., N. C. (218.) 
Gate woods, II. (166.) 



Genereau, Mich. (49.) 
Geneseo, N. Y. (79.) 
Geneva, N. Y. (80.) 
Georgetown, P. (132.) 
Georgetown, Pa. (128.) 
Georgetown, D.C. (176.) 
Georgetown, O. (170.) 
Georgetown, D. (178.) 
Georgetown, S. C. (274.) 
Georgetown, G. (271.) 
Georgetown, K. (169.) 

Georgia, (270.) The state of Georgia is divided into 
ninety-nine counties. Population 516,567, including 
2 1 7,470 slaves. Area, 61,500 square miles. Capital, Mil- 
ledgeville. Metropolis, Savannah, lat. 32° 03' N. long. 4° 
03' W. General election, first Monday in October. Leg s- 
lature meet first Monday in November. Constitution 
formed, 1798. 

Government. — The governor is elected by the people, for 
two years; salary $3,000. The legislative power is vested 
in a Senate and House of RepresentativCvS, styled the Gene- 
ral Assembly. The members of both houses are chosen 
annually, on the first Monday in October, and meet on the 
first Monday in November. One Senator is elected for 
each county, and the number of Representatives is in pro- 



GEORGIA. 41 

portion to population, including three-fifths of all the people 
of colour; but each county is entitled to at least one, but 
not more than four. 

Judiciary. — Superior Court, the judges of which are 
elected by the legislature for three years and i-eceive an- 
nually $2,100 each. The justices of the inferior courts, 
and justices of the peace, are elected quadrennially by 
the people. 

Physical Structure. — Nearly two-thirds of the state, on 
the south-east, present a level aspect, nearly destitute of 
mountains. North-west of the great road leading from 
Augusta to Columbia, the country becomes mountainous, 
increasing in elevation as we proceed westward, until it 
attains a mean altitude of about 1200 feet. This inclined 
plane, which contains the gold region, is suddenly termi- 
nated by the Blue Ridge, which separates the waters of 
the Tennessee from those of the Coosa, &lc. 

Rivers. — Coosa, Chattai)oochee, Flint, Suwanee, Santilla, 
Alatamaha, OcmuJgee, Oconee, Ogechee and Savannah. 

Productions. — Cotton, rice, timber, tobacco, Indian corn, 
and fruits in great variety and abundance. Gold, and some 
other minerals. 

Internal Improvements. — Savanah and Ocrechee Canal^ 
commences at Savannah, and intersects the Great Ogechee 
a short distance above the mouth of Cannouchee river. An 
extension of this work is proposed, of sixtjr miles, to the 
Alatamaha. — Alatamaha and Brunswick Rail Road, twelve 
miles in length. 

Towns. — Savannah, Milledgeville, Augusta, Darien, 
Macon, Columbus, Washington, Louisville, St. Marys, 
Greensboro, Sparta, &,c. 

Germantown, Pa. (133.) Gilead, II. (142.) 

Germantown, Va. (195.) Gilford, N. H. (62.) 

Germantown, N C. (238.) Gilmanton, N. H. (62.) 

Gettysburg, Pa. (155.) Gloucester, Mass, (86.) 

Germantown, N. C. (-214.) Gloucester, Va. (198.) 

Gibraltar Pt., U. C. (54.) Glasgow, K. (189.) 

Gibsonport, Miss. (295.) Golconda, II. a86.) 

Gilboa,N. Y. (82.) Goldsboro, Me. (41.) 
4* 



42 



GOL 



HAR 



Gold Region, G. (250.) 
Good, N. C. (233.) 
Gorham, Me (63.) 
Goshen, N. Y. (1U8.) 
Governeur, N. Y. (34.) 
Grand Lake, Me. (21.) 
Grand Id., U.C. (33.) 
Grand R., Mich. (71.) 
Granger, O. (101.) 
Granville, Mass, (84.) 
Gratz, Pa. (132.) 
Gr. Egg- Harbour, N. J. 

(158.) 
Gr. Menan Id., N. B. (42.) 
Gr. Ogechee R., G. (288.) 
Greensboro, Vt. (37.) 
Greensboro, G. (270.) 
Greensboro, Ala. (283.) 
Greensbujg, P. (12.).) 
Greensburg, Ind.fl47.) 
Greensburg, K. (189.) 
jlreenupsburg, K. (171.) 
Greenville, II. (164.) 



Haddam, Con. (110.) 
Hadensville, Va. (196.) 
Hadley (south) Canal, see 

Massachusetts, (84 ) 
Hagerstovi^n, Md. (155.) 
Halilax, P. (132) 
Halifax, N.C. (217.) 
Hallows 11, Me. (40.) 
Halls, N. 0. (235.) 
Hdinhurg, N. J. (108.) 
Hamburg, P. (133.) 
Hamburg, S. C. (272.) 
Hamilton, N. Y. (78.) 
Hamilton, O, (148.) 
Hamilton, Miss. (280.) 
Hamiltons, Lou. (278.) 



Greenville, S. C. (252.) 
Greenville, K. (187.) 
Greenville, O. (124.) 
Greenville, Ind. (168.) 
Greenville, Mo. (184.) 
Greenville, T. (212.) 
Greenville, N. C. (237.) 
Greenville, Miss. (295.) 
Greenfield, Mass. (84.) 
Greenfield, Ind. (147.) 
Greenfield, O. (149.) 
Greensville, Va. (213.) 
Greensville, Ala. (300.) 
Green River, K. (187.) 
Greene C. H., Miss. (298.) 
Greene, N. Y. (81.) 
Greencastle, Ind. (146.) 
Greencastle, P. (155.) 
Greenock, Ark. (224.) 
Grinders, T. (227.) 
Grabb, Lou. (2,'i4.) 
Guildhall, Vt. (.38.) 
Guyandot, Va. (171.) 



H. 



Hampton, Va. (198.) 
Hampton, N. J. (158.) 
Hampton, Lou. (309.) 
HanbyviUe, Ala. (267.) 
Hancocks T., Md. (l54.) 
Hannas, N. C. (235.) 
Hanover, N. H. (61.) 
Hanover, Va. (197.) 
Hardin, O. (124.) 
Hardin, O. (125.) 
Hardinsburg, K. (188.) 
H.irdinsville, (226.) 
Hardwich, Mass. (84.) 
Hartbrd, Md. (156.) 
Hargroves, Ala. (267.) 
Harlaem C7, seeN. Y. (135.) 



HARTFORD. 



43 



Harlaem Rail Road, see New 

York, (135.) 
HarleesviUe, S. C. (255.) 
Hurinony, Me. (40.) 
Harmony, P. (128.) 
Harmony, Ind. (166.) 
H.trperfield, N. Y. (82.) 
Hurpersfield, O. (101.) 
Harper'6 Ferry, Va. (155.) 



Harpshead, K. (187.) 
Harrington, Me. (42.) 
Harrisburg, P. (132.) 
Harrisburg, T. (225.) 
Harrisonburg, Va. (175.) 
Harrisonburg, Lou. (2j4.) 
Harrisville, Va. (217.) 
Harrisonville, I]. (163.) 
Ilairodsburg, K. (IjO.) 



Hartford, Con. (110,) one of the capitals of Connecticut, 
and next to Sew lldven, the most populous town in the 
state; population 9,789; its puljlic buildings consist o the 
State House, Deaf and Dumb Asylum on Tower-hill, the 
Lunatic Asylum, College, and several splendid churches. 
ROUTES FROM HARl FORD. 



To New Haven by IStage. 

JVewington, 6 

Worthington, 6 12 

Meriden, 6 18 

Wallingford, 4 22 

North Haven, 9 31 

New Haven, 5 36 

To New Haven via Middle- 
town by Stage, 

Stepney, 8 

Middletown, 8 16 

Durham, 7 23 

Northford, 8 31 

New Haven, 10 41 

To Boston by Stage. 

Ellington, 14 

Tolland, 5 19 

Willington, 7 26 

Ashford, 2 28 

Thompson, 20 48 

Douglass, 14 62 



Mendon, 
Med way, 
Dover, 
BrookUne, 
Boston, 



12 


74 


9 


bS 


12 


95 


11 


106 



4 110 



To Providence by Stage. 
Ash lord, as above, 28 

Pomtret, 14 42 

Killingly, 6 48 

Providence, 26 74 

To Neio London by Stage. 

Glastenbury, 7 

Marlboro, 11 18 

Colchester, 8 26 

New Salem, 7 38 

Chesterfield, 6 39 

New London, 7 46 

To Springjield by Stage. 
Windsor, 7 

Warehouse Pt. 7 14 



44 



HAR 



HOP 



Enfield, 
Springfield, 



4 18 
10 2b 



To Worcester by Stage. 

Tolland, 19 

St,.flx)rd Spr. 8 27 

Stafford Ch. 2 29 

Sturbridge, 23 52 

Charlton, 10 62 

"Worcester, 10 72 

To Salisbury by Stage. 

Northington, 9 

Canton, 5 14 

Wmstcd, 12 26 

Norblk, 10 36 

N. Canaan, 5 41 



Hart'brd, K. (188.) 
Hartford, N. C. (218.) 
Hartford, G. (287.) 
Hartsville, T. (208.) 
Harwich, Mass. (112.) 
Hauppage, N. Y. (135.) 
Havana, Ala. (246.) 
Haverhill, N. H. (37.) 
Havre de Grace, Md. (156.) 
Haysboro, T. (208.) 
Hyatts, L.C. (17.) 
Hazlepatch, K. (191.) 
Helena, Ark. (244.) 
Hempstead, N. Y. (135.) 
Henderson, II. (118.) 
Henderson, K. (187.) 
Henderson, N. C. (234.) 
Hennepin, II. (93.) 
Henry C. H., G. (269.) 
Herculaneum, Mo. (163.) 
Hereford Inlet, N. J. (158.) 
Herkimer, N. Y. (59.) 
Hicks, G. (249.) 



Salisbury, 7 48 

To Litchjield by Stage. 



Farminglon, 
Burlington, 
Harwinton, 
Litchfield, 



10 
9 19 

7 26 

8 34 



To Danbury by Stage. 

Farmington, 10 

Bristol, 7 17 

Plymouth, 6 23 

Watertown, 7 30 

Woodbury, 7 37 

Newtown, 15 52 

Danbury, 9 61 



Hickstown, F. (316.) 
Hicksfbrd, Va. (217.) 
Hickory Hill, S. C. (289.) 
HickoryT., P. (103.) 
High Pt., U. C. (74.) 
Hill, N. C. (217.) 
Hills West, N. C. (80.) 
Hillsboro, (143 ) 
Hillsboro, O. (149.) 
Hillsboro, N. C. (215.) 
Hillsboro, N. H. (162.) 
Hilton Head, S C. (290.) 
Hindostan, Ind. (167.) 
Hogton, N. C. (237.) 
Hollidayburg, P. (130.) 
Holmes, F. (314.) 
Holmesvillc, Miss. (2-6.) 
Holmesville, G. (304 ) 
Holston R., Va. (213.) 
Hookset Canal, see New 

Hampshire, (62 ) 
Hoof Inn, N.C. (238.) 
Hope, N. J. (134.) 



ILLINOIS. 45 

Hopetown, N. Y. (80.) Hulingsbur^, P. (103.) 

Hopkinton, N. Y. (35.) Humes, S. C. (274.) 

Hopkinlon, N. H, (62.) Huntersville, Va. (173.) 

Hopkinsville, K. (207.) Huntingdon, P. (130.) 

Horn T., Va. (1)9.) Huntingdon, T. (206.) 

Horns, N. C. (256.) Hunts, N. Y. (79.) 

Horrv, G. (286.) Huntsville, N. C. (214.) 

Hot Springs, Ark. (241.) Huntsville, Ala. (248.) 

Howards, S. C. (255.) Huntsville Canal, see Ala- 
Hudson, N. Y. (83.) bama, (248.) 
Hudson Sf Delaware Canal, Huntsville, S. C. (253.) 

see New York, (108.) Huston, N. C. (254.) 

Hughsville, Va. (214.) Huttonsville, Va. (173.) 

I. 

Illinois, state of, (186,) is divided into sixty counties. 
The population in 1830, was 157,445, but has greatly in- 
creased since. Area, 57,900 square miles. Capital and 
metropolis, Vandalia, lat. 38° 58' N. long. 11° 57' W. Ge- 
neral election, first Monday in August biennially. Legis- 
lature meet first Monday in December every second year. 
Date of constitution, 1818. 

Government. — Governor is elected for four years, salary 
$1000. The lieutenant-governor is president of the senate. 
The "General Assembly" consists of a senate and house 
of representatives. The members of the former are elected 
for four years, and those of the latter biennially ; pay of 
each, three dollars a day ; meet every othtr year on the 
first Monday in December. General election, first Monday 
in August, bienni Jly. 

Judiciary. — The Supreme Court consists of a chief jus- 
tice and three associate judges; salary of each $1000. 
They hold circuit courts also. There is another judge for 
the circuit north of Illinois river. The court of county 
commissioners, is composed of three persons, who are 
elected every two years. Justices of the peace are elected 
by the people, and hold office four years. There is a judge 
of probate in each county. Imprisonment for debt, except 
in certain cases, is not allowed. Slavery is prohibited by 
the constitution. 



46 INDIANA. 

Physical Structure. — The whole state is remarkably 
level, having no mountains, nor indeed any hills of great 
elevation. In the northern part of the state, a partial change 
in the surface is perceptible ; the country is somewhat bro- 
ken and undulating, but its level character is maintained 
throughout the whole. The " American Bottom," so called, 
celebrated for its fertility, extends along- the left bank of 
the Mississippi, from the mouth of the Missouri to F\askas- 
kia, nearly ninety miles. Prairies and barrens abound to 
a great extent in this state ; probably one-half of its sur- 
face consists of these natural meadows. 

Rivers. — Mississippi, Rock, Illinois, Sangamo, Kaskas- 
kia, Ohio and Wabash. 

Productions. -Indiiin corn, wheat, tobacco, cotton, lead, «&c. 

Internal Improvements. — Are merely prospective, none 
having yet been completed. A canal about 100 miles in 
length, from Ottowa, or perhaps from Hennepin, lower down 
the Illinois to lake Michigan, has been long contemplated. 

Towns. — Vandalia, Edwardsville, Belleville, Carrolton, 
Albion, Kaskaskia, Shawneotown, Springfield, Beardstown, 
Ottawa, Galena, and many others. 

Illinois R., II. (94.) Illinois R., Ark. (200.) 

Illinois Canal. See II. (94.) Indiana, P. (129.) 

Indiana, state of, (166,) is divided into seventy counties, 
and had, in 1830, a population of 343,031. Area, 36,500 
square miles. Capital, Indianapolis ; metropolis, New 
Albany, lat. 38° 19' N. long. 8° 44' W. Date of constitu- 
tion, 1816 General election, 1st Monday in August. Leg- 
islature meet, 1st Monday in December. 

Govern '/tent. — The governor is elected for three years; 
salar3% $1,000 per annum. Lieutenant-governor is presi- 
dent of the senate, and receives two dollars per day during 
the session of the legislature. 

The legislature is called the General Assembly of Indi- 
ana, and is composed of a senate, the members of which are 
elected for three years; and a house of representatives, 
whose members are elected annually. The number of the 
former is at present 30 ; and of the latter 75. Pay of mem- 
bers of both houses is two dollars a day each. 



INDIANA.— INDIANAPOLIS. 47 

Judiciary.— The judiciary power is vested in a Supreme 
Court, circuit courts, and such other inferior courts as the 
general assembly may establish. The supreme court con- 
sists of three judges ; and each of the circuit courts con- 
sists of a president and two associates. All the judges hold 
their office for seven years, if not removed for improper 
conduct. 

The judges of the supreme court are appointed by the 
governor, with the consent of the senate. The presiding 
judges of the circuit courts are appointed by the legisla- 
ture ; and the associates are elected by the people. There 
are seven presiding judges of circuit courts. The judges 
of the supreiue and circuit courts receive $700 per annum. 
The associate judges receive $2 a day each, during the 
session of the cou'-Ls. 

Physical Structure. — The country along the Ohio, from 
the Wabu-sh to the Miami, and 20 or 25 miles back, pre- 
sents a broken and hilly appearance : it is not however 
hilly in the strict sense of ihe term. The ridges, com- 
monly so called, are mere buttresses which support the 
elevated plateaus in the rear. These gorges have evidently 
been occasioned by the abr^ision of the streams which hc.ve 
thus formed those dark ravines which abouixd in this part of 
the state. In the central portions, the land is less broken, and 
in the north no mountains or hills of any magnitude exist. 

Rivers — Ohio, Wabash, White water, Laughberry, Sil- 
ver Indian, the lour last are mere creeks. 

Productions. — Corn, wheat, rye, buckwheat, oats, flour, 
&.C.; many sorts of vegetables grow in great abundance. 

Internal improvements. — Wabash and Erie Canal. It is 
to extend from Lafayette, to the eastern boundary of the 
state. Length 127 miles. 

Towns. — ^Indianapolis, thecapiful; Vincennes, Lawrence- 
burg, Aurora, Vevey, Madison, JefFersonville, New Albany, 
Fredonia,Troy, New Harmony, Richmond, Loganport, 
Lafayette, &c. &-c. 

Indianapolis, (146.) 

ROUTES FROM INDIANAPOLIS. 

To New Albany, by Stage. I Edinburg, 10 30 

Franklin, 20 | Columbus, 12 42 



48 INDIANA 


POLIS. 


JAM 




Brownstown, 


25 67 


Greencastle, R. 


17 37 


Vallona, 


3 70 


Terrehaute, 


33 70 


Sdlem, 


19 8S 


Embarras R. 


45 115 


Greenville, 


24 113 


Ewington, 


25 140 


N. Albahy, 


9 122 


Vandalia, 


30 170 


(Thence to Louisville, K. 






3 miles.) 




To Covington, 


by Stage. 






Crawfordsville, 


50 


To Cincinnati, 


by Stage. 


Uovington, 


29 79 


Rushville, 


40 






Somerset, 


14 54 


To Wayne, by Stage. 


Brooke ville, 


11 65 


Connerstown, 


17 


Harrison, 


17 82 


Noblesville, 


4 21 


Miami, 


8 90 


Strawtown, 


7 28 


Cincinnati, 


15 105 


Wayne, 


83 111 


To Vincennes, 


by Stage. 


To Columbus, 


by Stage. 


Port Royal, 


16 


Greenfield, 


20 


MartinviUe, 


14 30 


Centreville, 


44 -64 


Spencer, 


24 5i 


Richmond, 


6 70 


Bloomfield, 


S3 77 


Lewisburg, 


17 87 


Vincennes, 


45 122 


York, 


16 103 






Springfield, 


26 129 


To Vandalia, K. by Stage. 


Columbus, 


43 172 


Belville, 


20 







Innfield, N C. (217.) 
Instantjur, P. (104.) 
Ipswi/h, Me. («6.) 
Irviiye,K. (191.) 



Ithoca andOwego Rail Road, 

see N. Y. ( ). 
Ischua, N. Y. (78.) 
Isle ofWight,Va. (218.) 



Jackson, Mich. (73.) 
Jackson, O. (150.) 
Jackson, Mo. (185.) 
Jackson, T. (22G.) 
Jackson, capital of Miss. 

(280.) 
Jackson, Ala. (298.) 
Jacksonville, II. (142.) 
Jacksonville, G. (3,)3.) 
Jacksonville, F. (318.) 



Jacksonburg, O. (148.) 
Jacksonboro, G. (28J.) 
Jacksonboro, S. C. (2^0.) 
Jacksboro, T. (210.) 
JatFrey, N. H. (84.) 
Jamaica, N. Y. (135.) 
Jamestown, N. Y. (77.) 
James River Cunals, se 

Virginia, (197.) 
James R., Va. (1j7.) 



JAM 



KENTUCKY. 



49 



James jand Jackson R. canal, 

see Va. (1:.6.) 
Jamesl., S.C.C291.) 
Jamesville, S. C. (273.) 
Jasper, T. (229.) 
Jay, Me. {3lh) 
Jefferson, O. (102.) 
Jefferson, P. (103.) 
Jefferson, Mo. (161.) 



Jefferson, Va. (176.) 
Jefferson, N.C. (213.) 
Jefferson, Miss. ('246.) 
Jefferson, G. (251.) 
Jefferson, G. (318.) 
Jefferson ville, Ind.(168.) 
Jeffersonville, Va. (l!j3.) 
Jericho, N. Y.(8l.) 



Kanawha R.,Va. (172.) 
Kenjua, P. (103.) 
Kennard, G. (302.) 
Kcnnebeck R., Me. (40.) 
Kennebeck R., Me. (61.) 
Kenncbunk, Me. (63.) 
Kent 1., Md. (177.) 
Kentuciiy R., K. (191.) 



Kalamazoo R., Mich. (71.) 
Kanawha Navigation, see 

Virginia, (172.) 
Kankakee R., Ind. (95.) 
Kaskaskia R., 11. (144) 
Kaskaskia, II. (185.) 
Keene, N. H. (84.) 
Kernpsville, Va. (218.) 
Kellyvale, Vt. (37.) 

Kentucky, state of, (206,) is divided into 84 counties. 
Population in 1830, 687,917, including 165,213 slaves. 
Area, 40,500 saiiare tniles. Capital Frankfort, metropolis 
Louisville, Lat.' 38° 18' N. Long. 8° 46' W. General 
election, first Monday in August. Legislature meet, first 
Monday in November. Constitution framed, 1799. 

Govenvnent. — Governor's term of office, four years. Sala- 
ry $2,000 per annum. Lieutenant-governor, $4 per day, 
as president of the senate : secretary of state, $750 ; audi- 
tor, register and treasurer, each $1,500. 

The legislature consists of a Senate and House of Repre- 
sentatives, styled the General Assembly of the Conunon- 
weakh of Kentucky. The members of the former are cho- 
sen for 4 years ; those of the latter annually. The senate 
consists of 38 members; and the house of representatives 
of 100. The members of both houses receive $2 per day 
during the session of the legislature. 

Judiciary. — The court of appeals consists of a Chief Jus- 
tice and two other Judges; salary of each is $1,500. Cir- 
cult courts ; the state is divided into 16 judicial districts 



50 KENTUCKY. 

for holding circuit courts. There is a Judge for each cir- 
cuit, who has jurisdiction of law cases over $50, and of chiin- 
cery cases over 5£, and liolds three terms a year in each 
county of his circuit. The salary of the Judges of the cir- 
cuit courts is SIOOU per annum. County courts are also 
held by three or more justices ot'the peace. Their jurisdic- 
tion is over inferior suits. They hear appeals Irom the 
decision of single justices. 

Fhysical Structure. — The south eastern portion of this 
state borders upon the Allegheny range of mountains, some 
of the spurs and detached ridges ofwhich descend lor a con- 
siderable distance into it. That part of the state is con- 
sequently of a mountainous character, with lofty eminences 
and deep ravines and vallies between them, affording land- 
scape views of uncomuion boldness and beauty. Along the 
Ohio River, and extending from D to 20 miles in ditierent 
places ti-oiu it, are the " Ohio Hills," parallel with that 
beautitul stream. These hills are often high, generally 
graceiully rounded and conical, with narrow vales and 
bottoms around their bases. They give to that portion of 
the state, through which they extend, a very rough ap- 
peurance. They are covered with lofty forests, and have 
often a good soil on their sides and summits. The alluvial 
bottoms between them and tlie Ohio, and along the streams 
which fall into that river, are of the richest kmd. 

Rivers. — Ohio, Big and Little Sandy, Licking, Kentucky, 
Salt, Green, Cumberland, Tennessee, &,c. 

Productions. — Indian corn, wheat, rye, buckwheat, oats, 
hemp, tobacco, &c. 

Internal Improvements. — Louisville and Portland canal. 
Length about one and a half miles. Lexington and. Ohio 
Rail Road, commences at Lexington, passes through Frank- 
fort and thence to Shippingport near Louisville. Length 
85 miles. 

Towns. — Frankfort the capital, Lexington, Louisville, 
Marysville, Greensburg, Augusta, Newport, Covington, 
Port William, Owenboro, Henderson, Flemingsburg, Wash- 
ington, Paris, Georgetown, Harrodsburg, Versailles, Bards- 
town, Sheibyville, Russelville, Bowling-gieen, Princeton, 



KNOXVILLE. 51 

Glasgow, together with others, many of them equally im- 
portant. 



Keys, N. J. (158.) 
Kilbourns, Vt. (37.) 
Killingworth, Don. (110.) 
Kiipatricks, II. (164.) 
Kinderiiook, N Y. (83.) 
Kingston, U. C. (33.) 
Kingston, N. Y. (108.) 
Kingston, R.I. (111.) 
Kingston, Md. (178.) 
Kingston, T. (230.) 

Knoxville, T. (231,) the most important town in east 
Tennessee. Population about 3,000. The public buildings 
consist of a college, several churches, county offices, <Slc. 

ROUTES FROM KNOXVILLE. 



Kingston, N. C. (237.) 
Kuigstree, S.C. (274.) 
Kings, N. C. (237.) 
Kings, S. C. (28J.) 
K. Geo. C. H., Va. (176.) 
K. & Queens C. H., Va. 
^ (ld8.) 
Kingwood, Va (153.) 
Kinsman, O. (102.) 
Kittanning, F. (129.) 



To Nas/wille 


bij Stage. 


To Warm Springs, N. C. by 


Loveville, 


14 


Stage. 




Kingston, 


23 37 


Dandridge, 


32 


Crab Orchard, 


20 57 


Newport, 


15 47 


Sparta, 


38 95 


Warm Springs, N.C. 


28 75 


Liberty, 


32 127 






Lebanon, 


26 153 


To Athens, by Stage. 


Nashville, 


28 181 


Maryviile, 


8 





_ 


Madisonville, 


29 48 


To Abingdon, 


Va. by Stage. 


Athens, 


15 62 


Rutledge, 


32 






Bean's Station, 


10 42 


To Clinton, 


18 


Mooresburg, 


8 50 


— Jacksboro, 


36 


Rogersville, 


13 63 


— Montgomery, 


54 


Kingsport, 


26 89 


— Tazewell, 


50 


Blountsville, 


17 106 






Abingdon, Va. 


24 1.30 







Knoxville, G. (286.) 
Lacadie, L. C. (15.) 



Kutztown, Pa. (133.) 



L. 



Lafayette, Ind. (122.) 



52 



LANCASTEK. 



La Grange, G. (269.) 
Lake Champlain, N. Y. (36.) 
Lake Ontario, N. Y. (55.) 
Lake Michig-an, Mich. (6:(.) 
Lake St. Cluir, Mich. (74.) 
Lake Rrie, O. (100.) 
Lake Borgne, Lou. (310.) 
Lake Ponchartrain, Lou. 

(309.) 
L.St Francis, L.C. (14.) 
L. of the Two Mts. L. C.( 14.) 
L. George, N. Y. (60.) 
L. G.orge, F. (3.30.) 
L. Memphramagog, L. C. 

(16.) 
L. Mtrmentou, Lou. (321.) 
L. Benard, G. (286.) 
Lancast< r, N. H. (38.) 
Louiscille and Portland 

Canal, see Ken. (168.) 



La Fnurche Canal, see LoU* 

i-^i.ma, (323.) 
Lake Vcret Canal, see Lou- 

i.siana, (323.) 
Lnckawaxen Canal, see 

Pennsylvania, (108.) 
Lake Dnimniond Canal, see 

N Carolina, (218.) 
Lancaster Canal, see Oliio, 

(150.) ^ 
Lehigh Navigation, see 

Pennsylvania, (133.) 
Lackaw'txen Rail Road, see 

Pennsylvania, (107.) 
Lykins Valley Rail Road, 

see Pennsjlvania, (132.) 
Loricks Canal, see S. Caro- 
lina, (253.) 
Lockharts Canal, see South 

Carolina, (253.) 



Lancaster, P. (132.) The city of Lancaster, formerly the 
capital of Pennsylvania, is a large and thriving place, 
having a population of 7,683, and considciable trade. The 
great road from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, and the Colum- 
bia rail road, pass throuu^h it. Its public buildings are, a 
court house, jail, Lancasterian school house, and several 
handsome churches. 

ROUTES FROM LANCASTER. 



To Philadelphia, by Stage. 

Soudcrsburg, 8 

Coatsviile, ' 17 25 

D )vvningsto\vn, 7 32 

Paoli, 12 44 

Philadelphia, 20 64 

To Philadelphia, by Rail 

Road. 

Saudersburg, 9 



Mine Ridge, 


8 17 


Coatesville, 


12 29 


Dov/ningtown, 


8 37 


Schuylkill river, 


29 66 


Philadelphia, 


3 69 


To Harrisburg, 


by Stage. 


Mountjoy, 


12 


Elizabethtovvn, 


7 19 



LANCASTER. 



53 



Middletown, 
Harrisburg-, 



7 26 
9 35 



To Pittsburg. 
Columbia, by Rail R. 13 
York [by stage,] 11 24 

Abbotstovvn, 15 39 

Gettysburg, 14 53 

Chanibcrsburg, 25 78 

M'Connelstown, 19 97 

Bedford, 31 128 



Lancaster, O. (150.) 
Lancaster, Va. (198.) 
Lancaster, S. C. (254.) 
Landisburg, P. (1 31.) 
Langford, Ala. (298.) 
La Prairie, L. C. (15.) 
Lattiniorc, Miss. (296.) 
Laugblin T., P. (129.) 
Lawrenceburg, Ind. (148.) 
Lawrenceboro, T. (227.) 
Lawrenceville, S. C. (253.) 
Lawrenceville, Mich. (99.) 
Lawrenceville, Ind. (166.) 
Lawrenceville, G. (251.) 
Lawrenceville, Va. (218.) 
Lawrenceburg, P. (103.) 
Laurel T., D. (178.) 
Lead Mines, II. (66.) 
Lead M., Mo. (163.) 
Leaf R., Miss. (297.) 
Lebanon, N. Y. (83.) 
Lebanon, P. (132.) 
Lebanon, O. (148.) 
Lebanon, II. (164.) 
Lebanon, K. (189.) 
Lebanon, T. (208.) 



Stoystown, 

Laughlintown, 

Youngstown, 

Greensburg, 

Sluartsville, 

Pittsburg, 



28 156 
16 172 
13 185 
10 1)5 
13 208 
19 227 



To Reading, by Stage. 
Ephrata, 13 

Adams, 9 22 

Reading, 9 31 



Lebanon, Va. (212.) 
Leesburg, Va. (155.) 
Leeds, Va. (177.) 
Le Flors, Miss. (281.) 
Lchightun, P. (133.) 
Leicester, Va. (]^i6.) 
Lenox, Mass. (83.) 
Leominster, Mass. (85.) 
Leonard T., Md. (177.) 
Le Raysville, N. Y. (34.) 
Leroy, N. Y. (78.) 
Lewistown, N. Y. (54.) 
Lewistown, D. (178.) 
Lewistown, II (66.) 
Lewistown, II. (118.) 
Lewistown, P. (131.) 
Lewistown, Va. (216.) 
Lewis, Lou. (307.) 
Lewisburg, Va. (194.) 
Lexington, N. Y. (82.) 
Lexington, P. (102.) 
Lexington, K. (169.) 
Lexington, Va. (1.95.) 
Lexington, T. (226.) 
Lexington, N. C. (234.) 
Lexington, G. (270.) 
5* 



54 



LIB 



LOUISIANA. 



Liberty, K. (190.) 
Liberty, Vd.(l.).5.) 
Liberty, S. C. (273.) 
Liberty, Miss. (2 6.) 
Licking R., K. (170.) 
Licking- station, K. (1^1.) 
Lincohiton, N. C. (233.) 
Lincolnton, G. (271.) 
Lisbon, G. (271.) 
Litcli field. Con. (103.) 
Litchfield, K. (188.) 
Little Kanawha River, Va. 

(151.) 
Little Rock, capital of Ar- 
kansas, (242.) 
Lit. Egg Harbour, N. J. 

(1.58.) 
Lit. Prairie, Mo. (20.5.) 
Lit. Red R. Ark. (222.) 



L. Wabash R. II. (165.) 

Livingston, Miss. (280.) 

Lockport, N. Y. (55.) 

Loftus Heights, Miss. (235.) 

Logansport, Tnd. (122.) 

Losran C. H., Va. {Id'S.) 

Logan, O. (150.) 

London, U. C. (52.) 

London, O. (14J.) 

Long Pt., U. C. (56.) 
Long Pt., U. C. (76.) 
Long Lake, N. Y. (59.) 
Long Island, N. Y. (135.) 
L. L Sound, N. Y. (110.) 
Long Branch, N.J. (13.5.) 
Long Bay, N. & S. C. (275.) 
Longacoining, N. J. (l5d.) 
Lorain, N. Y. (58.) 
Louisiana, Mo. (141.) 



Louisiannn, state of, (277,) is divided into 33 parishes; 
had in 1830, 215,73J inhabitants, including 10ii,5S8 slaves. 
Area, 4 .',300 square miles. Capital and metropolis. New 
Orleans, Lat. 30^ N. Long. 13^ 1' W. General election, 
jfirst Monday in July, biennially. Legislature meet, first 
Monday in January. Constitution formed, 1812. 

Government. — Governor — terui of office four years — 
salary !g7,5l)0 per annum. Secretary, treasurer, attorney 
general, and surveyor general. 

Lesisloture. — The legislative authority is vested in a 
senate and a house of representatives, styled the General 
Assembly of the state of Louisianna. The senators are 
elected for four years. Their number is 17. The repre- 
sentatives are elected for two years. Their number is at 
present 50. Th3 elections are held on the first Monday, 
Tuesday, and Wednesday of July. The general assembly 
elect by joint ballot, for governor, one of the two who have 
received the highest number of the votes of the people. 

Judiciary. — The supreme court consists of three judges, 
who are appointed by the governor, with the advice and 
consent of the senate. This court has only appellate juris- 



LOUISIANA. 55 

diction. It sits in New Orleans for the eastern district, 
during tlie inontlis of November, Decenitxr, January, Feb- 
ruary, March, April, May, June and July. And for the 
western district, at Opelousas and Attakapas, during the 
months of August, September and October. 

The criminal court of New Orleans has one judge. 

There are eight district courts, and nine Judges. The 
district courts, with the exception of the first, hold in each 
parish, two sessions a year. 

The parish courts hold a regular session in each parish, 
on the first Monday in every month. 

The courts in the first district, viz the parish, district, 
criminal and probate courts, are in session the whole year, 
excepting the montlis of July, August, September, and 
October, in which months they hold special courts if neces- 
sary 

Physical Structure. — There are three very distinct por^ 
tions in this state, as it regards soil and surface. 1. Tlje 
north-eastern part, or the country lying east of the Missis- 
sippi and north of Ponchartrain, Maurepas, and Il)berville 
outlet, embracing the parishes of east and west Feliciana, 
cast Bator Rouge, Washington, St. Helena, and St. Tam- 
many, is hilly, of a sandy soil, covered with pine, posse s- 
ing tine springs and a salubrious climate. The nortli- 
westcrn portion of the state is also generally elevated, some 
of it very much so. 2. The south-western part, in the Op- 
elousas country, is covered with extensive prairies, oi" great 
fertility and generally level, or gently undulating. 3. The 
whole delta, or country lying between the Atchafalaya 
(Chatfalio) outlet on the west, and the Ibberville outlet with 
its continuation in lakes Maurepas, Ponchartrain and 
Borgne, on the east, is a dead level, and excepting along 
the margins the numerous rivers and streams of a variable 
width of from a quarter of a mile to a mile and more, is 
chiefly continuous swamps, covered with cypress, swamp 
oak, gum, «fcc. This is the character of much of the coun- 
try bordering the lower parts of the Red river, and the 
Ouachita, the Courtableau, and other streams. 

The whole southern line is a low marshy country, 
scarcely rising above the level of the ocean, and often over- 



56 LOUISVILLE. 

flown by the tides. Rising in the most gradual manner, 
tlie north-western part even reaches the aspect of a moun- 
tainous character. Tlie coast is lined witti low and sandy 
islands separated from the main land by shallow bayous, or 
stagnant inlets, and covered with stinted live-oaks. 

Rivers. — Mississippi, Red, Ouachita, Atchafalaya, 
Courtableau, Teche, La Fourclie, Amite, &c. 

I'roductions. — Sugar and rice are the principal, cotton, 
Indian corn, iruits ot various sorts. 

Towns.— New Orleans, Madisonville, St. Helena, Baton 
Rouge, St. FrancisviUe, Franklin, St. Martinsville, Opelou- 
sas, Alexandria, Natchitoches, &lc. 

Internal Improvements. — La Fourche Canal, extends 
from New Orleans to Berwicks Bay, entire length, inclu- 
ding the natural navigation, 85 miles. L. Veret Canal, 
extends from a point on the La Fourche, to Lake Veret, 
about 8 miles in length. Aew Orleans and t ontchartrain 
Canal, six miles in length, commences at the S. VV. part of 
the city and intersects l^ake Pontchartrain, west of tort St. 
John. The New Orleans and i'onchartrain Rail Road, 
5 miles long. Several unimportant canals exist in the 
neighbourhood of New Orleans and in the parishes border- 
ing on the Mississipi i, these have been constructed by in- 
dividuals lor private use. 

Louisville, K. (1 68), situated on the Ohio at the head of 
the falls ; is a place of considerable trade ; population at 
present, 13,000. The public buildings are a court house, 
market houses, eight or ten churches, high school, branch 
of the U. S. bank, marine hospital, and several lactories of 
iron, cotton, &c. 

ROUTES FROM LOUISVILLE. 



To Lexington, by Stage. 


To Naskville, 


Ten 


by Stage. 


Middletown, 


12 


West Point, 




21 


Shelbyville, 


20 32 


Elizabethtown 




22 43 


Frankfort, 


21 53 


Coombsville, 




9 52 


Lexington, 


24 77 


Munfordsville, 




21 73 






Glasgow, 




19 93 



LOUISVILLE. 



57 



Scnttsville, 

Gallatin, 

Nasliville, 



24 117 
20 137 

25 162 



To Indiana polis,hy Stage. 

New Albany, 3 

Greenville, 9 12 

.Salem, 24 36 

Valona, 19 55 

Brownstown, 3 5S 

Columbus, 25 83 

Edinbur^, 12 95 

Franklin, 10 105 

Indianapolis, 20 125 

To Vlncennes, hy Stage. 

New Albany, 3 

Greenville, 9 12 

Fredericksburg-, 15 27 

Paoli, 18 45 

Ml Pleasant, 25 70 

Washington, 18 88 

"Vincennes, 20 106 

To Cincinnati, hy Stage. 

Charleston, 13 

Bethlehem, 13 26 

New London, 8 34 

Madison, 12 46 

Aurora, 31 77 

Lawrenceburg-, 3 80 

Cincinnati, 23 103 

To Troy, hy Stage. 

New Albany, 3 

Cor); don, 16 19 

Fredonia, 16 35 

Troy, 28 63 



To HopkinsvilJe, by Stage. 

West Puint, '21 

Philadelphia, 16 37 

Hardinsburg, 22 59 

Hartf;)rd, 36 95 

Greenville, 23 118 

Hopkinsville, 27 145 

To Lexington, hy Stage. 

Middletown, 12 

Shelbyville, 20 32 

Frankiort, 21 53 

Lees, 12 65 

Lexington, 12 77 

To Lexington, hy Rail Road. 

Newcastle road, oO 

Frank.ort, 31 61 

Lees, 12 73 

Lexington, 12 85 

To Springjield, hy Stage. 

Sheperdsville, 23 

Bardstown, 18 41 

Fredericksburg-, 10 51 

Springfield, 8 59 

To Pittsburg, hy Steam Boat. 

West Point, 23 

Madison, 11 44 

Port William, 13 57 

Vevay, 10 67 

Fredericksburg, 10 77 

Lawrenceburg, 31 108 

Cincinnati, 24 132 

New Richmond, 21 153 

Point Pleasant, 5 158 

Augusta, 15 173 

Marysville, 16 189 

Portsmouth, 46 235 



68 



LOU 



3IAINI:. 



Burling-ton^ 


41 276 


Henderson, 


11 


199 


Gallipoles, 


41 317 


Mt. Vernon, 


22 


221 


Lelurts Rapids, 


32 34y 


('arthage, 


12 


233 


Belville, 


30 379 


Shawneetown, 


19 


252 


Parkersburg, 


17 396 


Cave in Rock, 


20 


272 


Marietta, 


13 409 


Cumberland R., 


41 


313 


Wheeling-, 


89 490 


Tennessee R., 


11 


324 


Steubenville, 


21 511 


America, 


36 


360 


Pittsburg, 


70 581 


Mouth of Ohio, 


11 


371 






New Madrid, 


65 


436 


To New Orleans, 


hy Steam 


Little Prairie, 


30 


466 


Boat. 




Memphis, 


119 


585 


Northampton, 


42 


Arkansas R., 


172 


757 


Leavenworth, 


17 59 


Vicksburg, 


284 


1041 


Stephensport, 


33 92 


Natchez, 


103 


1144 


Rock port. 


53 145 


St. Francisvillc, 


139 


1283 


Ovvensburg, 


8 153 


Baton Rouge, 


34 


1317 


Evansville, 


35 188 


New Orleans, 


131 


1448 



M. 



Louisville, G. (271.) 
Louisburg, N. C. (216.) 
Louisa, K. (171.) 
Lovelace, Lou (295.) 
Lower Canada, (12.) 
Lower Marlboro, Md. (177.) 

Machias, Me. (42.) 
Mackeysville, N. C. (232.) 
Macon, G. (287.) 
Madison, II. (164.) 
Madison, Ind. (168.) 
Madison, Va. (175.) 

Maine, state of, (18,) is divided into ten counties, and 
had, in 1830, a population of 399,462. Area, 38,250 square 
miles ; capital, Augusta ; metropolis, Portland ; lat. 43'^ 
39' N. long. 6° 39' E. General elections, second Monday 
in September ; legislature meet first Wednesday in Jan- 
uary ; constitution formed, 1819, 

Government. — The governor is elected annually by the 
people, salary $1,500 ; seven counsellors also elected an- 



Lucas, N. C. (256.) 
Lumberton, N. C. (255.) 
Lumukin, G. (285.) 
Lynchburg, Va. (195.) 
Lynhaven Bav, Va. (198.) 
Lyons, N. Y. (57.) 

Madison, T. (229.) 
Madison G. (270.) 
Madisonville, K. (187.) 
Madisonville, T. (330.) 
Madisonville, Lou. (309.) 



MAINE. 59 

nually. The legislative power is vested in a *' General 
Assembly," consisting- of a senate and liouse of representa- 
tives, members of both elected annually by the [>eo|jle. 

Judiciary. — Supreme court consists ol a chiet justice, 
who receives a salary of $1,800, and tv\'o associate judges, 
salary $1,500 each. Court of common pleas, a chief justice 
and two associate justices, each receives $1,200 per an- 
num, 

thysical Structure — The nortli-western border of this 
state consists ol a series of steps or escarpments which 
follow each other in rapid succession, as in some places 
to attain an elevation of nearly 2000 ieet in the space 
of a lew miles. This elevation continues with slight in- 
terruptions along the entire line from the sources of the 
Connecticut to it termination in the north-east angle of the 
state. From these data it will be perceived that the coun- 
try forms an inchned plane, having the atlantic coast for 
its limit towards the south-east This plane, however, is 
much broken by high hills and insulated mountain peaks; 
examples ar'; presented by Bald Ridge mountain, a spur 
from the main ridge ; Mt. Bigelow, Saddleback, Katawdm, 
and others ; souie of these peaks are ot great height, espe- 
cially tlie one last mentioned. The state may be divided 
into three grand sections ; the atlantic section is compari- 
tively level, being much intersected by lakes and other in- 
dications of a flat surface ; the second or middle section is 
hilly, and the third, or north-western part, is decidedly 
mountainous. 

Rivers. — Androscoggin, Kennebeck, Penobscot, St. 
Croix, St. Johns, Madawaska, Walloostook, &.c. 

t roductioris. — Lumber, fish, pot and pearl ashes, small 
grain, provisions, &c. 

'towns — Portland, the metropolis; Augusta, the capital ; 
York, Paris, VViscasset, Bath, Hallowell, Ca^tine, Behast, 
Bangor, Machias, Eastport, &c. &c. 

Inter nai Improvements. — Cvmberland and Oxford Canal, 
extends from Portland to Sebago Pond, 20^ miles, 
whence, by a lock in Songo river, the navigation is extend- 
ed into and through Brandy and Long Ponds, a further 
distance of 30 miles. 

Middlesex Canal, see Massachusetts, (85.) 



60 



MARYLAND. 



Muscle Shoals Canal, see 

Alabama, (^17.) 
Monlntrue Canal, see Massa- 
chusetts, (8-4.) 
Mohawk and Hudson Rail 

Road, see N. York, (83.) 

Miami Canal, see O. (148.) 

Mauch Chunk Rail Road, 

see Pennsylvania, (133.) 

Mount Carbon Rail Road, 

see Pennsylvania, (132.) 
Milt Creek Rail Road, see 

Pennsylvania, (132.) 
Morris Canal, see N.Jersey, 

(134.) 
Manasquan Canal, see N. 

Jersey, (158.) 
Monongahela Navigation, 

see Virginia, (152.) 
Manchester Rail Road, see 

Virginia, (197.) 
Malone, N. Y. (35.) 
Manaks, Ala. (284.) 
Manahawken, N. J. (158.) 
Manchester, Vt. (6U.) 
Manchester, S. C. (273.) 
Manchester, K. (191.) 
Manlius, N. Y. (58.) 
Mansfield, O. (126.) 
Mansfield, N.J. (134.) 
Mine Hill Rail Road, see 
Pa. (132.) 



Mansfield, Va. (196.) 
Mantua, O. (lUl.) 
Maramic, Mo. (183.) 
Maramic R., Mo. (162.) 
Marathon, Ala. (247.) 
Marengo, Ala. (283.) 
Mariaville, Me. (41.) 
Marietta,©. (151.) 
Marion, Ind. (123.) 
Marion, O. (125.) 
Marion, Mo. (161.) 
Marion, Ala. (283.) 
Marion, G. (287.) 
Marion C. H., S. C. (255.) 
Marksvillc, Lou. (294.) 
Marsh ville, Va. (152.) 
Marshallsville, Va. (216.) 
Marthas Vineyard, Mass. 

(112.) 
Marthasville, Mo. (163.) 
Martinsburg, N. Y. (58.) 
Martinsburg, P. (130.) 
Martinsburg, Ind. (146.) 
Martinsburg, Va. (154.) 
Martinville, N. C. (215.) 
Martinsville, Va. (2 1 5.) 
Martins, N. C. (213.) 
Martins, N. C. (214.) 
Marysville, O. (125.) 
Marysville, K. (169.) 
Marysville, T. (230.) 
Mary ville, Va. (196.) 



Maryland, state of (153), is divided into 19 counties, and 
contained in 1830, 447,040 inhabitants, including 102,994 
slaves; area, 11,150 square miles; capital, Annapolis; 
metropoHs, Baltimore; lat. 39° 18' N. ; long. 0= 26' E. 
General election, first Monday in October for delegates, 
third Monday in September, every fifth year, for electors of 
senators. Legislature meets, first Monday in December. 
Constitution formed, 1776. 



MARYLAND. 61 

Government. — Governor elected by the General Assem- 
bly, tern of office, one year, salary, $2666. Executive 
council, Consisting of five members, chosen annually by the 
General i^ssenibly on the first Tuesday in January. Sen- 
ate, consis^ng- of 15 members, and house of delegates, 80 
members, called the General Assembly, meet on the last 
Monday in December at Annapolis, pay of members $4 
a day, of thespeakers, $5, each. Members of tlie senate, 
are elected ev-ry fifth year by electors chosen by the people, 
on the first Monday of September. The members of the 
house of delegates are elected annually by the people on 
the first Monda_^ of October. 

Judiciary. — Chancery court, chancellor $3,600 per an- 
num. Court of ippeals, chief judge and tour associate 
judges, who receive a salary of $2,200 each, and one lor 
the city of Baltimore, who receives $3,000 per annum. 
Baltimore court, one chief judge, and associate judges; 
salary of the ibrmer 5; 2,400, of the two latter, $1,500 each. 
physical Structure. — Eastern section, bordering on the 
Atlantic ocean and eastern shore of Chesapeake bay, level; 
centre, hilly, gradually increasing in elevation, until it 
meets the western seciior. oi the state, which presents little 
else than a succession »f mountain ridges, extending 
from the Monocacy to the vestern limits of the state. The 
Back Bone mountain, so called, the main ridge of the Allc- 
ghenies, has a mean altitude of about 2,500 leet, and is tlie 
dividing ridge between the Witers of the Atlantic and those 
running into the Ohio. 

Riv rs. — Potomac, Patuxem, Patapsco, Susquehanna, 
Elk, Chester, Choptank, Nantikoke, 6lc. 

Productions. — Tobacco, wheat, some cotton, flax, hemp, 
&c. &c. 

Towns. — Baltimore, Annapolis, Frederick, Hagerstown, 
RockviJle, Port Tobacco, Upper Marlboro, and on the eas- 
tern shore, Elkton, Chester, Centr^ville, Euston, Cain- 
bidge, &LC. 

Internal Improvements. — Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 

extends from Georgetown to Pittsburg, length as proposed, 

341^ miles. A canal 9 miles long, leading from Alex n- 

diia to intersect the Chesapeake arid Ohio Vanal, atGtorge- 

6 



62 MASSACHUSETTS. 

town, is now constructing-. (See District of Columbia.) 
Port Deposit Canal, is desig-ned to overcome the rapids of 
the Suyquehanna, above Port Deposit, length neafly 10 ms. 
Canal at Little Falls of Potomac, 2^ nis. long. Canal at 
Great Falls, built of stone, 1200 yards long. Bdtimore and 
Ohio Rail Road, extends from Baltimore to the Point of 
Rocks on the Potomac, 67 5-8 ms. frou) Baltimore. This road 
is to be continued to the Ohio river. A road ofa single track 
extends from the main line to Frederick, 3^ ms. Baltimore 
and Susquehanna Rail Road, commenced in 1830, is to ex- 
tend to York, Pa. ; length, when completed, "^^ ms. Another 
rail road is projected, to extend from Ba'timore to the Sus- 
quehanna at Po»-t Deposit, and thence to unite with the Ox- 
ford Rail Road of Pa., which intersects the Columbia Rail 
Road, about 40 ms. from Philadelphia. Saltimoif and Wash- 
ington Rail Road, length 37 3-4 a\\\i& ; this work is now 
constructing. 

Mason's N. C. (233.) May-iville, Va. (196.) 

Massachusetts, state of, (8.3,) is divided into 14 counties. 
Population in 1830, 610,014. Aiea, 8750 square miles. 
Capital and metropolis, Boston, Lat. 42^ 22' N. Long. 5° 
57' E. General election for governor and senators, first 
Monday in April; for representatives, in May. Legislature 
meet, lourth Tuesday in October. Constitution formed, 1780. 

Government. — Governor, tfrm of office, one year, salary 
$3,666 67. Lieutenant Governor $533 33. Secretary o) com- 
monwealth, and state treasurer, each $,',000; adjutant 
general, $1,500, whoare chosen by joint ballot, from the sen- 
ators, and nine counselled ; each holds his office for one 
year. Legislature, styled the General Court, is composed 
ofa Senate and House of Representatives. Members of 
the senate are elected annually on the first Monday in 
April; the representatives aie elected annually in May. 

Judiciary. — The judiciary power is vested in a Supreme 
Court, and u Court of Common Pleas, and such others as 
the General Court may establish. The judges are appoint- 
ed by the governor and senate, and hold their offices during 
good behaviour. 

Physical Structure. — The eastern part of the state is 
generally level, with occasionally an isolated hill. In the 
gentral part, between Worcester and the valley of the Con- 



MASSACHUSETTS. 63 

necticut, those hills occur at frequent intervals, until pass- 
ing- to the westward, the lands increase in elevation, and 
assume the aspect of a mountain region. 

The mean elevation of Berkshire, the extreme western 
county of the state, is not less than 1 000 feet above tide. 
This portion is studded with innumerable hills and moun- 
tain peaks, some of which rise to a height of 3000 feet 
above their bases. 

Rivers. — Housatonic, Connecticut, Pawtucket, Charles, 
Merrimack, &c. 

Productions. — Indian corn, wheat, rye, oats, barley, peas, 
beans, flaxseed, &c. 

Towns. — Boston, the capital ; Salem, Newburyport, Low- 
ell, Worcester, Springfield, Northampton, Greenfield, Pitts- 
field, and many extensive towns and villages. 

Internal Improvements. — Middlesex Canal, extends from 
Boston to Chelmsford. Length 27 miles. Pawtucket Ca- 
nal, in the town of Lowell, is used both for navigation and 
for manufacturing purposes, length li miles. Blackstone 
Canal, extends from Providence, R. L, to Worcester, Mass., 
length, 45 miles. Hampshire and Hampden Canal, see 
Connecticut. Montague Canal, near the Montague falls in 
Connecticut river, 3 miles long. South Hadley Carml, 
around the S. H. falls in the Connecticut, length 2 miles. 
Worcester Rail Road, 43 miles in length. It is propos- 
ed to continue til is road to the Connecticut, and to construct 
a branch to Milberry. Boston and Providence Riil Road, 
length 43 miles, now in progress. Boston and Lowell Rail 
Road, length '25 miles, now in progress. Qaincij Hail Road, 
used for transporting granite from the quarry in Quincy 
to Neponset river, length 3 miles, branches 1 mile. 
Massacre L, Ala. (311.) M'Minnville, T. (229.) 

Mathews C H., Va. (198.) M'lvinstry, S. C. (,>54.) 
Mauch Chunk, P. (133.) M'Catteums, S. C. (254.) 

Maumee, O. (99.) M'Gces, Miss. (265.) 

Maumee R., O. (98.) M'Couns Bluff, Ala. (266.) 

M'Connelsvillc, O. (151.) M'Clair, Miss. (^280.^ 

M'Connelstown, P. (154.) M'Intoshs, (G.) (286.) 

M'Leansboro, II. (I(i5 ) M'Intosh C H., G. (305.) 

M'Neilles, N. C. (235.) M'Daniels, Lou. (307.) 



64 MEA 



MICHIGAN. 



Meadville, P. (102.) Mercersburg, P. (154.) 
Mechanicsville, S. C. (255.) Meridian ville, Ala. (243.) 

Medina, O. (100.) Merritsville, S. C. (23,\) 

Mcdway, Me. (85.) Metcalf boro, T. (22y.) 

M.-igsville, (). (151,) Mexico, Mo. (16i.) 

Memphis, T. (224.) Micanopj, F. (32 t.) 

Meredith, N Y. (82.) Miccoton, F. (31 G.) 
Mercer, P. (102.) 

Michigan Territory, (22,) is divided into 40 counties, 
inchading tiiose in the district of Huron or Wiscoi.sin. 
Population in lo30, 31,639. Area, 158,;i75 square miles. 
Capital and metropolis, Detroit, Lat. 42° 20' N ; Long. 6° 
or W. The executive and judicial officers are chosen by 
the president and senate of the United States. 

Government. — Governor, appointed by the president — 
salary, $2,000; secretary, do. salary, $1,000. The legisla- 
tive council is elected by the people ; they continue in office 
two years. Their present number is 13. 

Juciciary. — There are four judges, who hold courts in 
th ; several counties — salary of each, ^1,200. They are 
appointed by the president with the consent of the senate. 

In ] 820, the population of Michigan, including the Hu- 
ron District, was 8856; in 1830, including the same district, 
V was 31,63i>. But exclusive of Huron, the peninsula of 
Michigan, to which the name of Michigan is commonly 
confined, contained in 1830, 27,378 inhabitants. The num 
ber is now not short of 35,000 ; and is rapidly increasing 
by reason of the great tide of emigration which has been 
setting into that territory during the last two years. 

Physical Structure. — The southern part of this territory 
is very level, or gently undulating, i'he northern part is 
more uneven. Along the shore of Huron there are, in pla- 
ces, very high blufts ; and along the east shore of Lake 
Michigan are, in many places, immense hills of pure sand 
of from fifty to several hundred feet in height, which have 
been blown up by the almost constant western winds, 
sweeping over tlie lake and the sandy margin on its eastern 
side. 

Rivers. — Maumee, Raisin, Huron, Clinton, Black, Sag- 



MIC. MISSISSIPPI. 65 

inaw, Traverse, Monistic, White, Maskegon, Kalleraazoo, 
St. Josephs, &c. 

Productions. — Corn, wheat, rye, buckwheat ; potatoes, 
and every variety of similar vegetables, grow here in great 
abundance. 

Towns. — Detroit, Monroe, Frenchtown, Brownstown, 
Pontiac, Ann Arbor, Byron, Montcalm, Niles, Newbury- 
port, Saginaw, Mackinaw, 6l.c. 

Michigan, Ind. (96.) Milford, P. (108.) 

Middle T., Mich. (71.) Millcdgtvilie, capital of 

Middle T., N. J. (134.) Gto. (270.) 

Middle T., O. (148.) Millers T., P. (131 ) 

Middle T., O. (14J.) Millgrove,S.C. (274.) 

Middle T., Pa (132.) Millliaven.G. {26i).) 

Middle T., K. (16b.) Milllieim, Pa. (131.) 

Middletown, N. Y. (82.) Mills, Va.(175.) 

Middlelown, Con. (110.) MiUville, N. J. (158.) 

Middletown, Va. (154.) Millers, Ala. (24b.) 

Middleton, Pa. (128.) Milton, Vt. (36.) 

Middlebury, Vt. (60.) Milton, N. H. (62.) 

Middleburn, Va. (152.) Milton, P. (106.) 

Middleboro, Mass. (112.) Mineral point, Mich. (67.) 

Mifflin, Pa. (131.) Mines, lead. Mo. (1«4.) 

MiKasukie, F. (316.) Miriam, Ind. (145.) 

10 Mile river, N. Y. (108.) Mississippi R., (i^2.) 
MiLord, D. (178.) 

Mississippi, state of, (243.) is divided into 42 counties. 
Population, in 1830, 136,621, including 65,659 slaves Area 
47,6&0 square miles. Capital Jackson, mttropolis, Natches, 
Lat. 31^ 35 N. Long. 1 4° 33' E. General election, first 
Monday in August. Legislature meet, first Monday in No- 
vember. Constitution lormed, 1817. 

Government. — The governor is elected for two years — 
salary $2,500 per annum. Lieutenant-governor receives 
$6 a day during the session of the legislature. The secre- 
tary of state, treasurer, and auditor receive each $1,200 
per annum, and the attorney-general $1,000. 

The legislative power is vested in a senate and house of 
representatives, styled The General Assembly of the /State of 
6* 



DO MISSISSIPPI. 

Mississippi. The members of the senate are elected for 
three years, and the representatives annually. The num- 
ber of the representatives cannot be less than 37, nor more 
than 100, as soon as the free population shall amount to 
80,000. The senate cannot consist of less than one fourth, 
nor more than one third, as many as there are representa- 
tives. The general election tor the state takes place on 
the first Monday and Tuesday of August. The general 
assembly meets (at Jackson) annually on the first Monday 
in November. 

Judiciary. — The court of chancery. Chancellor's sal- 
ary $:2,000. 

The supreme court consists of a chief justice and four 
associate judges— the salary of each 82,000. The state is 
divided into five districts, in which the judges of the su- 
preme court severally hold circuit courts. These courts 
hdve original jurisdiction in cases where the sum in dis- 
pute exceeds $50 ; and appellate jurisdiction from the courts 
of justices of the peace, where the sum exceeds $'20. They 
have also criminal jurisdiction. The county of Adams has 
a separate criminal court, whose jurisdiction, however, does 
not supersede that of the circuit court. 

Every organized county has a probate court, and a coun- 
ty court held by three judges, of which the probate judge is 
the presiding justice. This court takes cognizance of of- 
fences committed by slaves, <fcc. The judges hold their 
offices during good behaviour, but not beyond the age of 65 
years. 

Imprisonment for debt is not allowed in this state, except 
in cases of a debtor who fraudulently withholds his property 
from his creditors. 

Physical structure. — Along the Mississippi river, at va- 
rious distances, there is a line of bluffs, of fronj 50 to 150 
feet in height. The portions which are contiguous to the 
river, are called by different names, such as Walnut Hills, 
Grand Gulf-bluffs, Natches Bluffs, White Cliffs, and Lottus' 
Heights, &c. 

The country beyond these bluffs spreads out into a high, 
beautiful and fertile table-Lnd, gently undulating and pro- 
ductive. 



Mississippi. — Missouri. 6 / 

Beyond this fertile belt of land, there stretches from 
south to north, and reaches eastward to the Alabama line, 
an extensive district of country, of various soils, but pos' 
sessing much that is alluvial and fertile. 

The southern, middle, and northern parts of this state, 
may be said to be beautifully undulating, with numerous 
ravines and streams. 

In its natural state, in which almost the entire state still 
is, it was covered with a vast forest of oak, hickory, mag- 
nolia, sweet gum. ash, maple, yellow poplar; cypress in the 
swampy alluvial Mississippi bottoms, pine, holley, &lc. &c. 
witlj a great variety of underwood, grape-vines, pawpttw, 
spice wood, &c. 

Rivers. — Mississippi, Yazoo, Tombeckbee, Yellowbusha, 
Buffalo, Big Black, Biyou Pierre, Homochitte, Buffalo, 
Amite, Pearl, Pascagoula, &.c. 

Productions. — Cotton, tobacco, corn, sugar, the orange, 
fig, and fruits are abundant. 

Towns. — Jackson the capital, Natches, Monticello, Port 
Gibson, Shieldsboro, Greenville, Winchester, Washington, 
Vicksburg, Warrenton, &;c. 

Internal Improvements. — St. Francisville and Woodville 
Rait, Road, 26 miles in length. Vicksburg and Clinton 
Rail Road, length 37 miles (proposed.) 

Missisinewa, Ind. (123.) 

Missouri, state of, (115), is divided into 46 oounties, and 
had in 1830 a population of 140,455, including 25,091 
slaves. Area, 65,500 square miles ; capital, Jefferson ; 
metropoUs, St. Louis ; Lat. 38° 37' N. Long. 13° 14' k.. ; 
general, election, first Monday in August, biennially; 
legislature meet, first Monday in November, every second 
year ; constitution formed, 1820. 

Govermnent. — Governor, term .erf office four years — 
salary, $ 1,5U0 per annum. Lieutenant-governor is presi- 
dent of the senate. 

Legislature. — The legislative power is vested in a Gene- 
ral Assembly, consisting of a senate and a house of repre- 
sentatives. The members of the former body are elected 



68 MISSOURI. 

for four years ; the members of the latter, for two years. 
Every county is entitled to one representative; but the 
wlioie number can never exceed 100 members. The 
senators are chosen by districts. The constitutional num- 
ber is not less than 14 nor more than 33. The present 
number of senators is 18 and of representatives 49. 

The elections for senators and representatives are held 
biennially, and for governor and lieutenant-governor once 
in lour years, on the first Monday in August. 

The legislature meets every second year (at the city of 
Jefferson,) on tlie first Monday in November. 

Judiciary — The judicial power is vested in a supreme 
court, circuit courts, and such other infierior tribunals as 
the general assembly may, from tin)e to time, establish. 

The judges are appointed by the governor, by and with 
the consent ot the senate ; and they hold their offices during 
good behaviour, but not beyond the age of 65 years. 

The supreme court consists of a presidmg judge and 
two associate judges; the salary of each $1,100 per an- 
num. 

There are five circuit courts and as ma.ny judges. The 
sal ry of each is $1,000 per annum. 

1 kysical Structure. — The surface of this state is great- 
ly diversified. The alluvial bottoms are level. In the 
middle part rises a hilly region, extending from St. Ge- 
nevieve south-westward into Arkansas, and is the com- 
mencement of the Ozark Mountains of that territory. 
The northern part is undulating, but no where appronch- 
ing what may, with propriety, be called mountainous. 
Extensive prairies stretch out in the western and nor- 
thern parts of this state. Even the St. Genevieve hills 
are marked with this character, and liave the appearance, 
in places, ot extensive uncultivated fields. The minQ re- 
gion, which lies about 70 miles soutli-west ol St. Louis, is 
hilly, and a considerable portion of the state lying south of 
the Missouri and Osage rivers, is ot the same character,' and 
is in many places, marked with flint knobs of considerable 
elevation. The country between the Mississippi and Mis- 
souri rivers is dehghtfully undulating and variegated. The 



MISSOURI. MOBILE. 



m 



j>rairies, which are of variable widths, are g-enerally fertile<. 
The Mississippi is skirted with ruany rich alluvial prairies, 
as well as extensive tracts of heavily timbered land. 

Hivers. — Mississippi, Missouri, Osage, Meramec, St. 
Francis, WJiite, 6lc. 

Towns. — Jefferson, the capital ; St. Louis, New Madrid, 
Perryville, St. Genevieve, Alexandria, New London, Pal- 
myra, Hannibal, Wyaconda, St, Charles, Florissant, Frank- 
lin, Booneville, Chariton, «fcc. 

Productions. — Corn, wheat, rye, barley, buckwheat, to- 
bacco, hemp, cotton, and garden vegetables in great variety. 
The lorcsts consist of the oak, black and white walnut, 
yellow poplar, ash, elm, hackberry, hickory, sugar-tree^ 
cypress, yellow pine, cedar, &.c. 

Missouri R., (139.) Missouri, (163.) 

Missouriton, (139.) 

Mobile, Ala. (311.) the geat of justice for Mobile county, 
has a population of about 4,000; several handsome churches, 
cathedral, &,c. and is a place of considerable trade. 

ROUTES FROM MOBILE. 



To New Orleans. 
Springhill, by stage, 6 

Portersville, 24 30 

(Thence to New Orleans 

by steam boat and rail 

road, 123 miles.) 

To Mmtgomery^ by Stage. 
Tiiitsville, 35 

Burnt Corn, 52 87 

Fort Dale, 45 132 

Montgomery, 48 180 

To Leakesville, by Stage. 
Escatappa R., 28 

Cluckasawhay R., 20 48 



Leakesville, 




11 59 


To Tuscaloosa, 


by Stage. 


Florida, 




31 


Dumfries, 




15 46 


St. Stephens, 




24 70 


Clarksville, 




14 84 


Chocktawcorner 




28 112 


Whitehall, 




40 152 


Greensboro, 




25 177 


Tuscaloosa, 




31 208 


To Tuscaloosa, 


by 


Steam 


Boat. 






Fort Stoddart, 




47 


Dumfries, 




15 62 



70 


MONTREAL. 




St. Stephens, 


31 93 


Washington, 


16 291 


Coffeeviile, 


18 HI 


Montgomery, 


10 301 


Demopolis, 


87 198 






Erie, 


30 228 


To Pensacola, by 


Steam 


Tuscaloosa, 


57 2^5 


Boat. 








Dog R., 


10 


To Montsomery, 


by Steam 


Fowl R., 


6 16 


" Boat. 




Fort Bowyer, 


18 34 


Tombeckbe I?., 


51 


Ptrdido R., 


30^64 


Fort Mimms, 


8 59 


Barancas, 


15 79 


Claiborne, 


45 104 


Pcnsacola, 


10 89 


Black Bluff, 


26 130 






Canton, 


50 180 


To Pensacola, by Stage, ^c. 


Portland, 


14 194 


Blakely, by Steam B 


11 


Cahawba, 


22 216 


Bellefontaine by 




Seltna, 


15 231 


Stage, 


26 37 


Vernon, 


44 275 


Pensacola, 


37 74 



Mobile Bay, Ala. (311.) 
Mobile Pt, Ala. (312.; 
Mohawk Indians, L. C. (32.) 
Monks corner, N. C. (273.) 
Monroe, Mich. (99.) 
Monroe, O. (100.) 
Monroe, G. (270.) 
Monroe, T. (209.) 
Montaug Pt., N. Y. (111.) 
Montcalm, Mich, (72.) 
Montezunia, N. Y. (57.) 
Montezuma, Ala. (300.) 
Montevalo, Ala. (267.) 



Montgomery, N. Y. (108.) 
Montgomery, T. (210.) 
Montgomery, Ala. (284.) 
Monticello, N. Y. (108.) 
Monticello, K. (210.) 
Monticello, G. (270.) 
Monticello, Miss. (296.) 
Monticello, Ala. (301.) 
Monticello, F. (316.) 
Montpelier, capital of Ver- 
mont, (37.) 
Montpelier, Ala. (312.) 



Montreal, L. C. (15,) the most populous city in British 
America ; by the census of 1825 it contained 24,787 in- 
habitants, this number has greatly increased since that 
time, and now probably amounts to 30.000. The chief 
objects of interest in and about Montreal, are "the moun- 
tain," new cathedral, catholic college, the barracks, hospital, 
baths, &.C. in St. Paul's street, masonic hall, theatre, Nel- 



MONTREAL. 



71 



son's monument, convents, seminary of St. Sulpiee, and seve- 
ral churches, public walks, &-c. (See map of Montreal.) 

ROUTES FROM MONTREAL. 



To Quebec by Steam Boat, 


To Boston, by Stage, via 


(the distances by 


and are 


Burlington, 


Vt. 


nearly the same.) 




St. Johns, 


25 


St. Sulpice, by Stage, 27 


Phillipsburg, 


23 48 


La Valtrie, 


5 32 


St Albans, 


16 64 


La Noruye, 


10 42 


Milton, 


13 77 


William Henry, 


11 53 


Burling-ton, 


12 89 


Three Rivers, 


43 96 


Richmond, 


14 103 


Gentilly, 


14 110 


Montpelier, 


26 129 


St. Anne, 


15 125 


Chelsea, 


24 153 


Pt. aux Trembles, 


38 163 


Dartmouth Col. 


25 178 


Quebec, 


17 180 


Shakers Vil. 


11 189 






Andover, 


22 211 


To Albany, by Steam Boat 


Concord, N. H. 


24 235 


and Stage. 




Hooksett Falls, 


8 243 


La Prairie, by stag€ 


8 


Londonderry, 


19 262 




-St Johns, 


17 25 


Andover, 


20 282 




Isle au Noix, 


9 34 


Boston, 


21 303 




Chazy, 


15 4J 






S 


Plattsburg-, 


14 63 


To the Falls of Niagara, by 


n 


S. Hero, 


8 71 


Steam Boat 


Sfc. 


E " 


Burlington, 


9 80 


La Chine, 


8 


S 


Essex, 


15 95 


Cascades, 


16 24 


1 


Bason Harbor, 


9 104 


Les Cedres, 


7 31 




Crown PL 


12 116 


Coteau du Lac, 


7 38 




Ticonderoga, 


14 130 


Lake St. Francis, 


4 42 




.Whitehall, 


23 153 


Head of ditto. 


22 64 


rFort Ann, 


14 167 


Cornwall, 


6 70 


Sandy Hill, 


9 176 


Long Saut T. 


10 80 


g, Fort Miller, 


11 187 


Chryslers field. 


17 97 


B ] Stillwater, 


18 205 


Hamilton, 


1 98 


«^ Troy, 


14 219 


Prescot, 


18 116 


I Albany, 


6 225 


Elizabethtown, 


14 130 






Kingston, 


48 178 








Oswego, 


59 236 



72 



MON 



NAS 



Coburg, 
Port Hope, 
Toronto, (York), 



74 310 
36 346 
66 412 



Montrose, Pa. (107.) 
Morristown, N J. (134.) 
Mooneys, Ark. (243.) 
Moore, N. G. (256.) 
Moorfield, O. (Iz7.) 
Moorfields, Va. (153.) 
Moosehead Lake, Me. (19.) 
Moscow, Mo. (162.) 
Moosetocmaguntic Lake, 

Me. (3 ).) 
Moundville, Mich. (44.) 
Mount Holly, N J. (158.) 
Mount Joliet, II. (94.) 
M'C'oy, Mich. (48.) 
Mt. Clemen, Mich. (74.) 
Mt. Desert Id. Me. (41.) 
Mt. Maria, Pa. (107.) 
Mt Pleasant, K. (21 1.) 
Mt. Carmal, 11. (166.) 
Mt. Sterling, K. (170.) 
Mt. Salus, Miss. (280.) 
Mt. Vernon, Me. (3. ».) 
Mt. Vernon, O. (126.) 
Mt. Vernon, II. (165.) 



Niagara Vil. 
Queenston, 
Falls of Niagara, 



30 443 

7 449 
6 455 



Mt. Vernon, Va. (176.) 
Mt. Vernon, K. (IjO.) 
Moscow, Mo. (163.) 
Muliins Ford,G. (251.) 
Munibrdsville, K. (18j.) 
Monroe, Lou. (278.) 
Munrows, N. C. (235.) 
Munsee T., In. (123 ) 
Murfreesboro, 1 . (228.) 
Murcellas, G. (305.) 
Murphy, N (\(215.) 
Muskingum P., O. (127.) 
Miamisport, Ind. (123.) 
Miami R., O. (148.) 
MaysvilIe,K.(170.) 
Maysville, Va. (lL)6.) 
Morgan, N. C. (256.) 
Morganfield, K. (187.) 
Morgantown.Va. (152.) 
Morgantown, I\. (1^8.) 
Morganton, N. C. (233.) 
Morgansville, Va. (Ib6.) 
Moulton, Ala. (247.) 



N. 



Nacogdoches, (292.) 
Nantucket, Mass. (112.) 
Nantucket I., Mass. (112.) 
Natches, Miss. (295.) 



Natchitoches, Lou. (293.) 
Natural Bridge, Va. (15.) 
Natural Bridge, Va. (21 J.) 
Natural Bridge, F. (314.) 

Nashville, T. (208.) The capital and most important 
town in Tennessee, was founded in 1784, and is a remark- 
ab'y beautiful city. Population, about 8,000. The public 
bui dings are : a court-house, market-house, college, aca- 
demy, baptist, presbyterian and episcopalian churches, 



NASHVILLE. 



73 



penitentiary, water-works, by which the city is supplied 
with water from the Cumberland, «S6C. 



ROUTES FROM NASHVILLE. 



To Florence, Al 


.by Stage. i 


To Lexingion, K 


by Stage. 


Franklin, 


18 


Haysboro, 


6 


Columbia, 


23 41 


Franklin, K. 


29 35 


Mt. Pleasant, 


11 52 


Bowlinggreen, 


22 57 


Lawrenceburg, 


22 74 


Monroe, 


51 108 


Florence, 


41 115 


New Market, 


31 139 






Harrodsburg, 


34 173 


To Memphis, 


by Stage. 


Lexington, 


2.i 2u2 


Charlotte, 


39 






Reynoldsburg, 


39 78 


To New Orleans 


by Steam 


Huntingdon, 


29 107 


Boat. 




Jackson, 


38 145 


Hillsboro, 


20 


Bolivar, 


28 173 


Clarkesville, 


49 69 


Sommerville, 


24 197 


Palmyra, 


6 75 


Memphis, 


43 240 


Dover, 


32 107 






Eddyville, 


55 162 


To Knoxville, 


by Stage. 


Ohio River, 


41 203 


Lebanon, 


28 


America, 


47 250 


Alexandria, 


18 46 


Memphis, 


225 475 


Liberty, 


8 54 


Vicksburg, 


4.6 931 


Sparta, 


32 86 


Natchez, 


103 10.34 


Crab Orchard, 


38 124 


New Orleans, 


304 1338 


Kingston, 


20 144 






Loveville, 


23 167 


To Louisville, 


by Steam 


Knoxville, 


14 181 


Boat. 








Ohio River, as above, 203 


To Hantsville 


by Stage. 


Rock Haven, 


34 .^37 


Nolensville, 


17 


Shawnee town, 


27 264 


Gideonvillo, 


21 38 


Carthage, 


19 283 


Farinington, 


12 50 


Mt. Vernon, 


12 295 


Fayetteville, 


27 77 


Hendersonville, 


22 317 


Hazel Green, 


17 94 


Rockport, 


54 371 


Huntsville, 


12 106 


Leavenworth, 


86 457 






Louisville, 


59 516 



74 



NEW HAMPSHIRE. 



New Orleans and Lake 
Pontchartrain Canal, see 
Louisiana, (309.) 

New Orleans and Pontchar- 
train Rail Road, see Lou- 
isiana, (309.) 

N(yrth West Canal, see N. 
Carolina, (^218.) 

New Castle and Frenchtown 
Rail Road, see Delaware, 
(157.) 

New Jersey Rail Road, see 
New Jersey, (134.) 

Nash C. H., N. C. (236.) 

Nashua, N. H. (85.) 

Nauyaucau, Ala. (268.) 

Nelson, K. (169.) 

Nelson's Ferry, S. C. (273.) 

Neuson, S. C. (255.) 



Neuse River, N. C. (236.) 
New Alexandria, Pa. (129.) 
Newark, O. (126.) 
Newark, N. J. (134) 
New Berlin, Pa. (131.) 
New Berlin, N. Y. (81.) 
New Bedford, Mass. (112.) 
Newberne, N. C. (237.) 
Newberry, S. C. (253.) 
Newburn, Va. (1L4.) 
Newburg, N. Y. (108.) 
Newburyport, Mass. (86.) 
Newbury port, Mich. (70.) 
New Castle, Pa. (102.) 
Newcastle, Ind. (147.) 
New Castle, K. (I(i8.) 
Newcastle, D. (157.) 
New Columbia, Miss, (297.) 
Newcomers, O. (127.) 
N. Geneva, Pa. (153.) 

New Hampshire, (62,) is divided into eight counties. 
Population, in 1830, 269,533. Area, 9,200 square miles. 
Capital, Concord. Metropolis, Portsmouth, lat. 43° 04' N. 
long. 6^^ ir E. General election, second Wednesday in 
March. Legislature meet, first Wednesday in June. Con- 
stitution formed, 1792. 

Governnient. — Governor, salary, $1,200. Five counsel- 
lors, all elected annually. The legislative power is vested 
in a senate and house of representatives, called, jointly, The 
General Court. The members of both are elected annually 
by the people, on the second Tuesday in March. 

Judiciary. — Supreme court, consists of one chief justice, 
salary $ 1 400, and two associate judges, $1200 each. Ct)urt 
of common pleas, chief justice $1200, and associates $1000 
each. 

Physical Structure. — Within twenty or twenty-five 
miles of the coast, the land is nearly level. In the central 
pr rt of the state it becomes hilly, with an occasional moun- 
tain peak or spur, from the elevated region in the north. 
All above is mountainous, having the White Hills, Moose- 



NEW HAVEN. 



75 



hillock, Monadnuc, Kearsarge, Sunapee, Ossipee, and other 
mountains, which impart to the entire north half of the 
Btale, a ruggid and broken aspect. 

Rivers. — Connecticut, Merrimac, Androscoggin, Saco, 
Piscataqua, &c. 

Towns. — Concord, Portsmouth, Piscataqua, Exeter, Do- 
ver, Meredith, Amherst, Keene, Charleston, Clareraont, 
Haverhill, Plymouth, Lebanon, &c. 

Productions. — Wheat, rye, corn, oats, barley, flax, stock, 
provisions, &c. 

Internal Improvements. — Boio Canal, near Concord, 
around Bow falls, three quarters of a mile long. Hookset 
Canal, at the Hookset fall of Merrimac, 825 feet in length. 
Amoski^ig Canal, at the falls of Amoskeig in the Merrimac. 
Union Canal, passes seven falls in the Sierrimac ; length, 
including poc^ls, nine miles. 

New Haven, 0.(100.) 

New Haven, C. (110,) one of the capitals of the state of 
Connecticut. Population, 10,180. On a large, open square, 
in the centre of the town, stand the public buildings, state- 
house, Yale college, and several very handsome churches. 
The other places worthy of attention, are, the observatory, 
museum, alms-house, the various factories, and the ceme- 
tery. 

ROUTES FROM NEW HAVEN. 



To New York, 


hy Stage. 


To JSew York, by Steam 


Milford, 




11 


Boat. 




Stratford, 


5 


16 


Black Rock, 


23 


Black Rock, 


6 


2-2 


Southport, 


5 28 


South port. 


5 


tcl 


Old well. 


8 36 


S.iugatuck, 


4 


31 


Stamford Harb. 


8 44 


Norw Ik, 


4 


35 


West Greenwich, 


8 52 


Stamford, 


9 


44 


New York, 


35 87 


West Greenwich 


7 


51 






Rye, 


4 


55 


To Providence, by 


Steam 


Mamaronec, 


6 


61 


Boat. 




W. Chester, 


8 


69 


Faulkners Island, 


16 


New York, 


15 


84 


Connecticut River, 


19 35 








New London Harb. 


14 49 



76 NEW HAVEN. 


NEW JERSEY. 


(thence to N.London , 


7b Hartford, by Stage. 


4 miles.) 




North Haven, 


5 


Point Judith, 


35 84 


Wallingford, 


9 14 


Newport, 


14 98 


Meriden, 


4 18 


Pawtuxet, 


20 118 


Worthington, 


6 24 


Providence, 


5 123 


Newington, 


6 30 






Hartlord, 


6 36 


To Danbury^ by Stage. 






Derby, 


10 


To Hartford, via 


Middle. 


Housatonic Ferry, 


3 13 


town. 




New Stratibrd, 


4 17 


Northford, 


10 


Newton, 


8 25 


Durham, 


8 18 


Danbury, 


9 34 


Middletown, 


7 25 






Stepney, 


8 33 


To Granby, by Canal. 


Hartford, 


8 41 


East Plains, 


6 






Hamden, 


2 8 


To Newport, by Stage. 


Cheshire^ 


8 16 


Branford, 


8 


Southington, 


6 22 


Guilford, 


10 18 


Farmington, 


11 33 


E. Guilford, 


4 22 


Northington, 


7 40 


VVestbrook, 


9 31 


Sinisbury, 


7 47 


Connecticut R,, 


6 37 


Gran by, 


5 52 


New London, 


17 54 






Mystic, 


8 62 






Newport, 


39 101 


New Hope, Pa. (134.) 


New Inlet, N. C. (239.) 


New Ipswich, N. H. (85.) 


New Iberia, Lou. (322.) 



New Jersey, state of, (134,) is divided into 14 counties. 
Population in 1830, 320,77^, including 2,446 slaves. Area, 
7,5U0 square miles. Capital, Trenton ; metropolis, New- 
ark, lat. 40° 44' N. long. 2° 45' E. General election, se- 
cond Tuesday in October. Legislature meets, fourth 
Tuesday in October. Constitution formed, 1776. 

Government. — Governor, chosen annually, by a joint vote 
of the council and assembly ; salary $2,000 per annum ; he 
is president of the council. The governor, in conjunction 
with the council, form a court of appeals. Legislature is 
composed of a legislative council, consisting of 14 members, 



NEW JERSEY. 



77 



and a gfeneral assembly, 50 members ; the members of both 
houses are elected annually. 

Judiciary — Supreme court, composed of a chief justice, 
salary $12U0 per annum, and two associate judges, $1,100 
per annum each. The judges are appointed by the legisla^ 
ture ; those of the supreme court for a term of seven years, 
and those of the inferior courts for five years. 

Physical Structure.— All that part of the state which lies 
south of a line extending from Bordentown to Amboy, is 
level, partly composed of sea-sand, which is entirely desti- 
tute of vegetation. Immediately north of this line, an ira- 
provement in the surface and general character of the soil 
becomes visible ; hills appear in rapid succession, forming 
steps up to the elevated region in Morris and Sussex coun- 
ties. These, and the adjoining counties, are much broken 
by the ridges of the Allegheny mountains, which intersect 
this part of the state, ranging in a direction from north-east 
to south-west. 

Rivers. — Delaw^are, Hudson, Passaic, Raritan, Millstone, 
Hackensack, Schencks, G. Egg Harbor, L. Egg Harbor, 
Maurice, Rancocus, Musconecung, Pawlings, &c. 

Productions. — Wheat, rye, corn, buckwheat, «fcc. 

Towns. — Newark, Paterson, New Brunswick, Trenton, 
Elizabethtown, Belvedere, Bridgetown, Salem, Camden, 
Mount Holly, Perth Amboy, Morristown, &c. 

Internal Improvements. — Delaware and Raritan Canal^ 
commences at Bordentown, and extends through Trenton, 
and along the valleys of the Millstone and Raritan, to New 
Brunswick. Length 43 miles. A navigable feeder, 24 
miles long, has been constructed along the east bank of the 
Delaware, intersecting the main trunk in the city of Tren- 
ton — Morris Canal, commences at Jersey city, opposite 
New York, and terminates on the Delaware at Phillips- 
burg, opposite Easton. Length, 101 miles. — Salem Canal^ 
extends from S.ilem creek to the Delaware. Length four 
miles. — Manasquan and Barnegat Canal (proposed). — 
Washington Canal, cuts off a considerable bend in M^no- 
lapan creek, and lessens the distance from Washington to 
the Raritan river. Length, one mile. — Camden and Am- 
boy Rail Road, commences at Camden, opposite Philadel- 
7* 



7« 



NEW ORLEANS. 



phia, and terminates at South Amboy. Length, 61 miles. 
-—Pater son and Hudson River Rail Road, from Jersey 
city opposite New York to Paterson, on the Passaic. Length, 
16 30-100 miles. It is proposed to extend this road to the 
Morris canal. — New Jersey Rail Road, commences on the 
last mentioned rail road, about two miles ti-om Jersey City, 
and terminates at New Brunswick, length 28 miles. 
New Echota, G. (249.) New Milford, Con. (109.) 

New London, Con. (1 lO ) Newmarket, Va. (175.) 
New London, Mo. (141.) New Madrid, Mo. (205.) 

New Lexington, Ind. (168.) New Mexico, Miss. (279. 



New Lisbon, O. (128.) 
New Lebanon, N. C. (218.) 



New Portland, M. (39.) 
New Richmond, O. (150.) 
New Orleans, L. (324.) The great commercial emporium 
of the Mississippi valley, was founded in 1719, and has 
about 60,000 inhabitants. The chief objects of interest 
are the cathedral in Chartres street, college in St. Cloude 
street, ursuline convent in Ursuline street, Orleans theatre 
St. Anne street, theatre of St. Phillip in St. Phillip street, 
city hall Conde street, churches, almshouse, &c. Five 
miles below the centre of the city is the ground, rendered 
memorable by the battle of the 8th of January, 1815. 



ROUTES FROM NEW ORLEANS. 




To Louisville, by Steam Boat. 


St. Francisville 




Arnauds Point, 


13 


and Pt. Coupee. 


10 159 


Red Church, 


9 22 


Tunica, 


27 186 


Destrechens Pt. 


12 34 


Red River, 


22 208 


Bonnet Q. Bend, 


2 36 


Fort Adams, 


9 217 


B. Quarre Church, 


5 41 


Homochitto R. 


10 227 


Cantrels Do. 


19 60 


White Cliffs, 


27 254 


Bringiers, 


8 68 


Natchez, 


17 271 


Hamptons, 


5 73 


Coles Creek, 


22 293 


Donaldsonville, 


5 78 


Rodney, 


19 312 


St. Gabriels, 


24 102 


Bruinsburg, 


4 316 


Plaquemine, 


6 108 


' Chitteloosa and 




Baton Rouge, 


18 126 


1 Big Black River, 


14 330 


Thomas Pt. 


11 137 


1 Pt. Pleasant, 


10 340 


Thompsons Cr. 


12 149 


1 Palmyra, 


13 353 



ROUTES FROM NEW ORLEANS. 



79 



Warrenton, 


14 


376 


Leavenworth, 


33 1233 


Vicksburg, 


10 


377 


Northampton, 


17 1250 


Yazoo River, 


12 


389 


Louisville, 


42 12.2 


Tompkins, 


32 


421 


(For continuation to Cin- 


Providence, 


26 


447 


cinnati, Pittsburg, &c. 


Princeton, 


8 


455 


see " Louisville.") 


Old River, 


48 


503 






Pt. Chicot, 


12 


5i5 


To St. Louis, by Steam 


Arkansas River 


59 


574 


Boat. 




White R. 


9 


583 


Mouth of Ohio, as 


above, 921 


Helena, 


60 


643 


Tyawappita B. 


29 950 


St. Francis I. 


14 


657 


Cape Girardeau, 


13 963 


35° N. Lat. 


48 


705 


Bainbridge, 


9 972 


Noncona R, 


10 


715 


Muddy R. 


13 985 


Memphis, 


4 


719 


Kaskaskia R. 


31 1016 


Greenock, 


12 


731 


St. Genevieve, 


17 1033 


3rd Chickasaw ElufF, 




Chartier I. 


11 1044 




18 


749 


Herculaneum, 


19 1063 


Randolph, 


12 


761 


Maramec R. 


11 1074 


Fulton, 


6 


767 


C'arondelet, 


12 1086 


Plum Pt. 


H 


778 


St. Louis, 


6 1092 


Needharas Cut-ofF, 26 


804 






Little Prairie, 


20 


824 


To Balize and 


Gulf of 


Riddles Pt. 


23 


847 


Mexico, by Steam 


New Madrid, 


13 


860 


Boat. 




Mills Pt. 


28 


888 


Battle Ground, 


5 


Columbus, 


16 


904 


English turn. 


6 11 


Mouth of Ohio, 


17 


921 


Fort St. Leon, 


5 16 


America, 


11 


932 


Poverty Pt. 


18 34 


Tennessee R. 


36 


968 


Grand Prairie, 


27 61 


Cumberland R. 


11 


979 


Fort St. Philip, 


9 70 


Rock Cave, 


41 


1020 


S. W. Pass, 


9 89 


Shawneetown, 


20 


1040 


South Pass, 


2 91 


Carthage, 


19 


1059 


Pass a' Loutre, 


2 93 


Mt. Vernon, 


12 


1071 


Balize, 


4 97 


Hendersonville, 


22 


1093 


Gulf, 


5 102 


Evansville, 


11 


1104 







Owcnsburg, 


35 


113) 


To Nachitoches, 


by Steam 


Rockport, 


8 


1147 


Boat. 




Stephensport, 


53 1200 


RedRiver, as above, 208 



80 



ROUTES PROM NEW ORLEANS. 



Ouachita, 


36 244 


To Natchez 




Bayou Saline, 


2J 264 


Madisonville, by S. Bt. 32 


Alexandria, 


54 318 


Liberty, by Stage, 


69 101 


Bayou Cane, 


60 378 


Natchez, 


50 151 


Natchitoches, 


24 402 










To Benvick's Bay, and 


To Little Ruck, by 


Steam 


thence to Opelousas. 


Boat. 




Donald sonville, 


78 


Arkansas R. as above, 574 


Veret Canal, 


14 92 


Arkansas, 


27 601 


S. end Canal, 


7 99 


Harrington's, 


43 644 


Lake Palourde, 


13 112 


Vaugines, 


23 667 


Berwick's Bay, 


10 122 


Little Rock, 


81 748 


Franklin, 


21 143 






Fausse Pt. 


27 170 


To Mobile, by Steam Boat 


St. Martinsville, 


8 178 


and Stage. 




Opelousas, 


36 214 


L. Ponchartrain, by 








Rail Road, 


5 


To Nashville, by Stage, via 




^ Pt.Aux f Jerbes 


15 20 


Florence, Ala. 




Ft. Coquilles, 


7 27 


L. Ponchartrain, 


5 


^ 


L. Borgne, 


11 38 


Madisonville, 


27 32 


§ 


Grand Island, 


9 47 


Covington, 


7 39 


m 


St. Joseph Isl. 


4 51 


Jacksonville, 


33 72 


s < 


W. Marianne, 


6 57 


Columbia, 


30 102 


s 


E. Marianne, 


5 62 


Ellisville, 


48 150 


w 


Cat Island, 


10 72 


Old Church, 


47 197 




Deer Island, 


17 89 


Koomsha, 


45 242 




Krebsville Har 


18 107 


Columbus, 


68 310 




Portersville, 


16 123 


Pikeville, 


64 374 


Mobile, by stage, 


30 153 


Russelville, 


30 404 






Florence, 


22 426 


To St. Stephens, by Stage. 


Lawrenceburg, 


41 467 


Madisonville, 


32 


xMt. Pleasant, 


22 489 


Jacksonville, 


40 72 


Columbia, 


11 500 


Leakesville, 


66 138 


Franklin, 


23 523 


Chickasawhay R. 


17 155 


Nashville, 


18 541 


St. 


Stephens, 


24 179 







N. PhUadelphia, O. (127.) Newport, N. Y. (55.) 



NEW YORK. 81 

Newport, N. H. (61.) Newtown, Mich. (48.) 

Newport, Ind. (145.) Newtown, N. Y. (80.) 

Newport, R. I. (HI.) Newtown, N. J. (108.) 

Newport, Mo. (162.) Newtown, II. (143.) 

Newport, O. (151.) Newvillc, P. (131.) 

Newport, T. (231.) New York, Va. (175.) 
N. Paltz, N. Y. (108.) 

New York, state of, (78), is divided into 56 counties. 
Population in 1830, 1,913,508, including 46 slaves. Area, 
4!>,000 square miles. Capital Albany; metropolis. New 
York ; lat. 40^ 43' N. ; long. 2° 55' E. ; general election, at 
such time in October or November, as the legislature 
may provide. Legislature meet, first Tuesday in January ; 
Constitution formed, 1821. 

Government.— Governor, term of office two years, salary, 
$4,000. Lieutenant-governor and president of the senate, 
pay $6 a day during the session. Legislature — senate, con- 
sisting of 32 members, who are elected for four years, one- 
fourth being chosen annually. House of representatives 
consists of 128 members, elected annually. 

Judiciary. — Court of chancery, one chancellor, $2,000 
per annum ; register, &c. The eight circuit judges are vice- 
chancellors for their respective circuits. Supreme court — 
chief justice, $2,000 a year, and two associate judges, each 
$2,000 per annum. There are eight circuit courts, with 
eight judges, salary of each, $1,250. Superior court of the 
city of New York, chief justice and two associate judges, 
pay of each, $2,500 per annum. 

Physical Structure. — The eastern part of the state is 
greatly diversified ; the Allegheny mountains pass through 
this section about 70 miles above the city of New York, 
cross the Hudson below Newburg, and pass in a north-east 
direction into the state of Massachusetts. Somewhat farther 
north, the Catskill mountains may be seen in the distance; 
these are the most elevated mountains in the state. There 
are mountains of great elevation west of Lake Champlain, 
some of which are 3,000 feet above the lake. The western 
part of the state is merely undulating, being entirely des- 
titute of such mountains as mark its eastern section. 



82 NEW YORK. 

Rivers. — Hudson, St. Lawrence, Mohawk, Delaware, 
Susquehanna, Allegheny, Genesee, Oswego, Black, Os- 
wegatchie, Raquette, Saranac, &c. 

Productions. — Wheat, corn, rye, oats, flax, hemp, several 
kinds of grasses, vegetable and fruits. Iron is found in 
great abundance ; gypsum, limestone, marble, slate, and lead, 
occur in many places. In the centre of the state, salt is 
made in immense quantities. The mineral springs of 
New York are well known, the chief of which, those at 
Saratoga, are resorted to by people from all quarters. 

Cities and Towns. — New York, (city) ; Albany, the 
capital ; Troy, Utica, Rochester, Buffalo, Schenectady, Hud- 
son, Newburg, Poughkeepsie, Catskill, together wilh a 
lorge number of incorporated villages, and others not incor- 
porated, having names different from their respective town- 
ships. 

Internal Improvement. — Erie Canal, from Albany to 
Buffalo, length 363 miles. — Champlain Canal, from the 
Erie Canal to Whitehall, length 72 miles. — Hudson and 
Delaware Canal, from Hudson river near Kingston, to the 
mouth of the Lackawaxen, length 82^ miles. — Oswego 
Canal, from Salina to Oswego, length 38 miles. — Seneca 
Canal, from Montezuma to Geneva, length 20 miles. — 
Chemvng Canal, from Elmira to Seneca Lake, length 
31 miles. — Crooked Lake Canal, from the Penyan to 
Seneca Lake, 7 miles. — Tonnewanta Canal, from the Erie 
Canal near Wrightsville, to Tonnewanta creek, length 13 
miles. — Harlaem Canal, on Manhattan Island, from the 
Hudson to East river, length 1 1 miles. 

Proposed Canals. - Chenango Canal, from Einghamton 
to Erie Canal, length, 93 miles. — Black River Canal, from 
Rome to the falls of Black river, 40 miles. — Sodus Canal^ 
from Sodus Bay to Seneca River, «fcc. &-c. 

Rail Roads. — Mohawk and Hudson Rail Road, from 
Albany to Schenectady, 16 miles. — Schenectady S; Saratoga 
Rail Road, from Schenectady to Saratoga Springs, 20 
miles. — Catskill and Canajoharie Rail Road, from Cats- 
Jiill to Canajoharie, (now in progress,) 70 miles — Ithaca 
and Otvego Rail Road, 29 miles. — Harlaem Rail Road^ 



NEW YORK. 83 

on Manhattan island. — Rochester Rail Road, (now in pro- 
gress,) trom Rochester to a point below the lalls of Gene- 
see. — Schenectady and Utica Rail Road, (now in progress,) 
length, bO miles. — Bath Rail Road, trom Bath to Crooked 
LaKe, 5 miles. — Rochester and Butavia Rail Road, (in pro- 
gress,) '28 miles. — Troy and Ballston Rail Road, (in pro- 
gress,) -^Q miles. Several other rail roads are proposed in 
Vcirious parts of the state. 

JNew / ork, city, (134.) The commercial emporium of 
the United States and metropolis of the state of New York, 
is situated at the point of junction of the Hudson and East 
rivers ; in N. lat. 40° 42' and E. long. 2^ 55' 30" from 
Washington. The city proper, or that portion where the 
population is mostly concentrated, occupies the southern 
quarter of Manhattan island, the whole of which, including 
Harlaem, Yorkville, and some other villages, is under the 
jurisdiction ot the city corporation, and is identical with the 
county of New York. Tiie city, together with the sub- 
urbs just mentioned, contained ui 1»3(), upwards ol' 30,000 
buildmgs, and 213,470 inhabitants. The population at tliis 
time (1«34) may be estimated at 250,000 J he densely 
settled part of the island, or what is called " the city," has 
an outline of 50,000 feet, or 10 miles, nearly. Its princi- 
pal streets are Broadway, in which most of the retail busi- 
ness is transacted, Greenwich street, Pearl street. Broad, 
Wall, and CJiatham streets, the Bowery, Maideu-Lane, 
&;c. (fee. 

The public buildings, and objects of curiosity, are the 
city hall, in the Park, exchange buildings in Wall street, 
college, hospital, and Clinton hall, in Broadway, battery, 
castle garden, N. Y. Institution, academy of fine arts, alms- 
house, three theatres, medical college, baths, rooms of the 
National Academy of Design, masonic hall in Broadway, 
house of rctiage, orphan's asylum, lunatic asylum, besides 
many others, and about lOO churches, some of which are 
very splendid and capacious. 

The city government consists of a mayor, ten aldermen, 
and ten assistants, with an able and effective body of 
police officers. Steam boats, packets and stages, arrive at 



^4 



New YORK. 



and depart from the city, at almost every hour, and for 
every part of the United States. 

ROUTES FROM NEW YORK. 



To Albany, by Steam Boat. 



Fort Gansewort, 


2 


Hanjilton's monument 


2 4 


Manhattanville, 


3 7 


Fort Lee, 


3 10 


Spuyten Duyvel Cr. 


2 12 


Phillipsburg', 


4 16 


Dobb's Ferry, 


6 22 


Tappan Landing, 


3 25 


Tarrytown, 


1 26 


Nyack, on Tappan sea 


,3 29 


Sparta, & State Prison 


3 32 


Tellers Point, 


2 34 


Huverstraw & Croton 


1 35 


Stony Point, 


3 38 


Ver plank's Point, 


1 3J 


Peckskill, 


2 41 


St Anthony's nose, 


2 43 


Fort Clinton, 


1 44 


West Point, 


7 51 


m 


Crows Nest Mt. 


4 55 


S 


Butter Hill, 


1 56 


r3 ■< 


Caldwell, 


1 57 




Canterbury, 


1 58 


New Windsor, 


1 59 


New burg. West side, ) 
FiskilUanding, E.S. \ 


2 61 


Hamburg, 


6 67 


Hampton, 


1 68 


Barnegat, 


2 70 


Poughkeepsie, 


5 75 


Hyde Park, 


5 80 


Pclham, 


3 83 


Wa 


Ikill Cr. 


6 89 



Rhinebeck, 1 90 

Redhook, L. L. 6 96 

Glasgow, 3 99 

Redhook, U.L. 1 100 

Saugerties, 1 J 01 

Bristol, 1 102 

Catskill, 9 HI 

(Thence to Pine Orchard, 

14 miles.) 
Hudson and Athens, 5 116 
Columbiaville, 5 121 

C/oxackie, 3 124 

Kinderiiook Landing, 1 125 
New Baltimore, 5 130 

Coeyrnans, 2 132 

Schodack, 2 134 

Castleton, 1 135 

Albany, 10 145 

For routes from Albany, 

see article " Albany." 
The stage route from N. 

York to Albany, does 

not differ materially 

from the above. 

To Boston, by Steam Boat. 

Newtown Creek, 4 

Hell Gate, 5 9 

Flushing Bay, 4 13 

Frogs Point, 3 16 

Cow Neck, 2 18 

New Rochelle L., 6 24 

West Greenwich, 11 35 

Stamford, 8 43 

Oldwell, 8 51 



IVEW VORK. 



85 



Southporl, 


8 59 


« \ Point no point, 14 86 


Black rock, 


5 64 


jy2 } Philadelphia, 


5 91 


Stratford Point, 


7 71 






New Haven harb., 


12 83 


To Philadelphia 


, via New 


(Thence to N. Haven, 


Brvnswick 


,4-c. 


4 miles.) 




Perth Am boy, S. 


Bt. 25 


Falkners Is, 


12 95 


New Brunswick, 


" 12 37 


Hanimonasset Pt., 


8 103 


q3 t Kingston, 


14 51 


Connecticut hiver, 


11 114 


^ ^ Princeton, 


3 54 


New London harb., 


14 128 


Uj f Trenton, 


10 64 


(Tlience to N. London, 


pa \ Bordentown, 
QQ } Philadelphia 


6 70 


4 miles ) 




30 100 


Fishers Is., 


5 133 






Point Judith, 


30 163 


To Philadelphia, 


by Stage. 


Beaver Tail, (Narra- 


Newark, 


10 


gansetbay,) 


9 172 


Elizabethtown, 


6 16 


Newport, 


5 177 


Rahway, 


5 21 


Bristol Harb., 


10 lb7 


New Brunswick, 


13 34 


Paw tuxet, 


10 197 


Kingston, 


13 47 


Providence, 


5 202 


Princeton, 


3 50 


Boston, (by land,) 


45 247 


Trenton, 


10 60 






Bristol, 


11 71 


To Philadelphia, via South 


Holmsburg, 


11 82 


Aml.oy, <^-c. 




Frank ibrd. 


4 86 


f Castle VViiliams, 1 


Philadelphia, 


5 91 




Bcdlovv's Is. 


1 2 






*5 


Kills, 


3 5 


To Easton, Pa. 


m Staff e. 


1 


Ryers ferry. 


2 7 


Newark, 


10 


E ' 


Newark bay. 


1 8 


Morristown, 


19 29 




Elizabethtown 


pt.,4 12 


Chester, 


13 42 


m 


K ah way river. 


4 16 


Schooley'smt. Springs, 8 50 




Perth Am boy. 


9 25 


Mansfield, 


11 61 




South Am boy, 


2 27 


Easton, 


15 76 


•TJ 


' Spotswoood, 


9 36 






O 


West's, 


4 40 


To Ithaca, N. Y. 


2 ^ 


Rocky Brook, 


8 48 


Newark, 


10 


"ee 


Centreville, 
. Bordentown, 


4 52 


Pompton, 


21 31 


P3 


9 61 


Snufftown, 


12 43 




Bristol, 


10 71 


Deckertown, 


12 55 


Burlington, 


172^ 


Milford, 


17 72 



86 NEW YORK. 


NIAGARA FALLS. 




Wilsonville, 


24 


96 


Fairfield, 


3 58 


Rixes Gap, Pa. 


15 


111 


Bridgeport, 


4 62 


Montrose, 


34 


145 


Stainlord, 


4 66 


pi SOwego, 
p^ f Ithaca, 


32 


177 


Mil lord. 


5 71 


30 2U7 


New Haven, 


11 82 


To New Haven, 


Con 


•» 


To Montauk Ft. 


by Stage. 


by Stage. 






Jamaica, 


11 


West Chester, 




15 


Dix Hills, 


18 29 


Mamaronee, 


8 


23 


Sinithtown, 


11 40 


Rye, 


6 


2J 


Carman, 


18 53 


"West Greenwich, 


2 


31 


Morriches, 


lU 68 


Stamiord, 


7 


38 


Quag, 


9 77 


Nor walk, 


9 


47 


S. Hampton, 


14 91 


S.iUgatuck, 


4 


51 


B. flampton, 


7 98 


South port. 


4 


55 


Montauk Pt, 


23 121 



Niagara, U. C. (54.) 

Niagara Falls, N. Y. (54.) This stupendous and une- 
qualled work of nature, is Ibrmed by a ridge of lime-stone 
rocks, which is here broken and torn asunder by the waters 
from the great lakes above. This ridge, as it is improperly 
called, is a mere shelf, or a succession of steps, from the 
basin of lake Ontario, up to that of Erie, the difference of 
level being about 334 feet. The elevation of the great cat- 
aract Ironi its brow at the crescent, to the surface of tlie si rait 
is 158 reet, hence it will be seen that rapids above the falls 
have a greater actual descent than the falls themselves. 
The rapids commence near the Burning Spring, about a 
mile above the precipice. 

The inclination of the plane over which the waters pass, 
increases as it approaches the chute, and thus augments 
the velocity of the current and the turbulence of its trou- 
bled waters. No spectacle can be more sublime, than is 
presented by the great falls, when viewed in connection 
with the rapids above. The high grounds, in the rear of 
ForsytJi's hotel, afford such a view. 

In addition to the fulls, there are several interesting ob- 
jects in their vicinity, which deserve attention ; among them 
may be mentioned the Burning spring, near the outlet of 



NIAGARA. INOKTH CAROLINA. 



87 



Chippewa creek ; whirlpool, two miles below the falls ; the 
bridge and platform at Goat island ; the sore, rer's cave, just 
below the falls ; mineral spring, ^ mile below ; the bultle 
fields ot Chippewa, Liandy's lane, and Queenston, Brock's 
monument, VVelland canal, and the villages o( Chippewa, 
Manchester, Lewistowii, Queenston, 'I'uscarora Indians, &-c. 
ROUTES FROM NIAGARA. 



To Montreal via Luke Onto- 


To Rochester^ by Stage. 


riu, by Steam Boat. &{C. 


Lewistown, 


7 


Queenston, 


6 


Cambria, 


15 22 


Niagara Vil., 


7 13 


Hartland, 


11 33 


Toronto, (York,) 


30 43 


Oak Orchard, 


14 47 


Port Hope, 


66 IOj 


Gainesville, 


7 U 


Coburg, 


36 145 


( larkson, 


16 69 


Oswego, 


74 219 


Parma, 


7 76 


Duck's Isld., 


23 242 


Rochester, 


11 87 


Kingston, 


35 277 






Elizdbuthtown, 


48 325 


To Buffalo, by Stage, Cana- 


Prescot, 


14 339 


da side. 




Ilan.ilton, 


18 357 


Chippewa, 


2 


LongSaut I., 


18 375 


Waterloo, 


15 17 


Cornwall, 


10 355 


Black rock, 


1 18 


Lake St. Francis, 


6 3.;1 


Buffalo, 


1 19 


Foot of do. 


22 413 






Coteau du Lac, 


4 417 


To Buffalo, Am. side. 


LesCedres, 


7 424 


Schlosser, 


2 


Cascades, 


7 431 


Tonnewanta, 


10 12 


La Chine, 


16 447 


• lack rock, 


8 20 


Montreal, 


8 455 


Buffalo. 
Norristown,P.(133 


1 21 


Nicholasburg, P. (129.) 


•) 


Nicholasville, K. (lyO.) 


Northampton, Mass, (84.) 


Nickojack,G. (24d) 


. 


Northampton C. 11. 


, Va. 


Noblesboro, P. (I28.) 


(199.) 




NoblesviUe, Ind. (123.) 


North field, Mass. ^84.) 


Norfolk, Va. (218.) 




Northwood, N. H. (62.) 


Norridgewock, Me. 


(40.) 


Nortliumberland,P. 


(132.) 



North Carolina, state of, (232,) is divided into 65 coun- 
ties. Population in 1830, 738,470, including 246,462 slaves, 



88 NORTH CAROLINA. 

Area, 49,500 square miles; capital, Raleigh ; metropolis, 
New burn, in N. Lat. 35° 06', Long. 0^ 6'. General elec- 
tion, no fixed day. Constitution formed, 1776. 

Government. — Governor, term of office, one year, salary 
^2,000 ; executive council of 7 members ; state treasurer, 
$1,500. Secretary of state, $800 and fees; attorney -gene- 
ral. 

Judiciary. — Supreme court, composed of a chief justice, 
salary $2,500, and tw^o associate judges, each, $2,.'»00, per 
annum. Circuit court consists of two judges. All the 
judges are appointed by a joint vote of the senate and house 
of commons. The members of these bodies are elected 
annually by tlie people. 

Physical Structure. — The state of North Carolina presents 
almost every variety of surface. In the east, we find ini- 
mense flats of sea-sand marsh, swamp, and other alluvious 
matter, but little elevated above their connnon parent, the at- 
lantic ocean. In the centre, hills of nearly all sizes and 
heights present themselves. These increase in magnitude 
and number in approaching the western section of the state, 
which is in every respect a mountain region. Some of the 
most elevated peaks of the Allegheny system, occur in the 
counties of Macon, Buncombe, Hay wood, Yancy, &c. 

Rivers. — Meherrin, Roanoke, Tar, Pamlico, Neuse, 
Cape Fear, Lumber, Yadkin, Catawba, Tennessee, French- 
Broad, &c. 

Productions. — Cotton, rice, wheat, corn, tobacco, tar, 
pitch, turpentine, lumber, and recently gold. 

Towns. — Raleigh, the capital; New burn, Salisbury, Wil- 
mington, Fayctteville, Edenton, Salem, Charlotte, HiJlsboro, 
Halifax, Milton, &c. 

Internal Improvements. — Dismal Swamp Canal, (see 
Virginia.) Lake Drummond Canal., a navigable feeder of 
the preceding, it extends from lake Drummond to the sum- 
mit level of the Dismal Swamp Canal., length 5 miles. 
North West Canal., connects N. W. river with the Dismal 
Swatnp Canal, length 6 miles. Weldon Canal, forms the 
commencement of the Roanoke Navigation. It extends 
around the falls of Roanoke above the towns of Weldon and 
Blakely, length 12 miles. Clubfoot and Harlow Canal^ 



NORTH CAROLINA. OHIO. 89 

extends from the head waters of Clubfoot to those of Har- 
low creek, near Beaufort, length 1^ miles. The navigation 
of the Roanoke Ironi the Weidon Canal, to the town ot Sa- 
leni in Virginia, a distance ot ii32 tniles, the Cape Fear, 
the Yadkin, the Tar, New, and Cutawba rivers, has been 
greatly improved by joint stock companies. Rail Iioa,.s, 
are projected to extend from Fayetteville to Cape Fear 
river; Irom Wilmington thiough Fayetteville and Salis- 
bury to Beattysford on the Catawba, a distance of 25U miles ; 
and several ethers. (For an account of the Rail Road ex- 
tending from Blakely to Petersburg and Norfolk, respec- 
tively, see Virginia.) 

Norton, O. (125.) Norwich, Con. (110.) 

Norway, N. Y. (59.) Nottoway, Va. (iii6.) 

Norwich, N. Y. (81.) Nunen, G. (269.) 

O. 

Oakfuskee, Ala. (285.) Oconee R., G. (288.) 

Oakfuscoonene, G. (265.) Ocmulgee R., G. (3U3.) 

Obion R., T. (205.) Oewooha, Ala. (284.) 

Occacock Inlet, N. C. (239.) Ogdensburg, N. Y. (34.) 

Ocklawaha R., F. (329.( Ohio R., Pa. (128.) 

Oconee Station, S. C. (252.) Ohio R., K. (168.) 

Ohio, state of, (171,) is divided into 74 counties ; popula- 
tion in 1830, 937,903. Area, 39,750 square miles. Capi- 
tal, Columbus ; metropolis, Cincinnati, in Lat. 39° 06' N. 
Long. 7° 31', W. General election, second Tuesday in Oc- 
tober. Legislature meet, first Monday in December. Con- 
stitution formed in 1802. 

Government. — Governor, term of office two years, salary 
$1,200; secretary of state ; treasurer, and auditor. Senate 
consists of 36 members, elected biennially ; house of repre- 
sentatives consists of 72 members, elected annually. 

Judiciary. — Supreme court consists of a chief judge and 
three associate judges — salary, $1,200 each. Courts of 
Common Pleas. The state is divided into 9 districts, in 
each of which there is a presiding judge, salary $1000 ; and 
two associates in each county, who receive each $2 50 per 
day, during their attendance at court. 
8* 



90 OHIO. 

All the judges of the supreme court and the courts of 
common pleas are elected by the house of representatives 
for the term of 7 years. The supreme court sits o ice a 
year in each county, and the court of common pleas three 
times a year. The only capital crime in Ohio is murder 
in the first degree. There is no imprisonment for debt, 
except in cases of fraudulent withholding of property. 

'Physical Structure. — The eastern part of the state which 
borders on Pennsylvania is hilly, but gradually becomes 
more level as you advance westward. Along the whole 
course of the Ohio river, there is, in this state, a strip of 
land, of from 10 to 15 miles, and in some places more, in 
width, which is broken and hilly. These hills, especially 
in the immediate vicinity of the river, are very high and 
often of quite a mountainous aspect. 

The western half of the state is in general remarkably 
level. On the immediate borders of Indiana, it is so much 
so, as to assume a very monotonous appeal ance. The cen- 
tral parts of the state, from the neighbourhood of the Ohio 
river up to lake Erie may be compared, as it regards level 
character, not with entire accuracy, to the country around 
Philadelphia, or rather that portion of Pennsylvania which 
is seen by the traveller as he passes from that city to Lan- 
caster, by the main turnpike road. 

Rivers. — Ohio, Mahoning, Little Beaver, Muskingum, 
Hocking, Scioto, Little Miami, Great Miami, Maumee, 
Portage, Cuyahaga, Grand, Ashtabula, «fcc. 

Productions. — Wheat, rye, oats, buckwheat, Indian corn, 
garden vegetables and fruits, are produced in great abun- 
dance. 

Toions. — Cincinnati, Columbus, Ripley, Portsmouth, Ma- 
rietta, New Lisbon, Canton, Wooster, Masillon, New Phil- 
adelphia, Coshocton, Newark, Zaiiesville, Lancaster, Chilli- 
cothe, Cireleville, Dayton, Springfield, St. Clairsville, Hills- 
boro, Ravenna, Athens, and many others. 

Internal Improvements. — Ohio and Erie Canal, extends 
from Portsmouth on the Ohio River, to Cleveland on Lake 
Erie, length 307 miles. Miami Canal, from Cincinnati to 
Dayton, 68 miles, the extension of this canal to the Maumee 
is in progress. Columhus Canal, from the Ohio and Erie 



OHIO. 



PAT 



91 



Canal, to Columbus, 10 miles. Lancaster Canal, from 
the Ohio and Erie Canal, to Lancaster, 9 n)iles. 



Ohio and Erie Canal, 

see Ohio, (171.) 
Old Agency, Miss. (282.) 
Oneida L., N. Y. (57.) 
Onslow, N. C. (257.) 
Onslow bay, N. C (257.) 
Opelousas, Lou. (307.) 
Opilacloy, F. (329.) 
Orange C. H.,Va.(175.) 
Orangeburg, S. C. (273.) 
Orwi sburg, P. (132.) 
Osage, Mo. (162.) 
Osborn, Va. (197.) 
Ossipee, N H. (62.) 
Ossabaw Sound, G.(305.) 
Oswego, N. Y. (57.) 
Oswego CaH, see N. Y. (57.) 

Painesville, O. (101.) 
Painsville, Va. (1 6.) 
Painted Post, N. Y. (79.) 
Palatine, N. Y. (59.) 
Palestine, II. (145.) 
Palestine, Ind. (167.) 
Palermo, Me. (40.) 
Pallachuchee, Ala. (285.) 
Palmyra, Me (40.) 
Palmyra, N. Y. (56.) 
Palmyra, Mo. (141.) 
Palmyra, Miss. (279.) 
Paoli, Ind. (167.) 
Pamhco Sound, N. C. (238.) 
Pamlico R., N. C. (2.38.) 
Papakunk, N. Y. (82.) 
Paris, K. (169.) 
Paris, Me. (.39.) 
Paria, T. (206.) 



Ottowa, or Grand R., L. C. 

(13.) 
Ottsville, P. (133.) 
Ovid, II. (185.) 
Ovid, N. Y. (80.) 
Owego, N. Y. (80.) 
Owenton, K. (169.) 
Owenboro, K. (187.) 
Owingsville, K. (170.) 
Oxford, N. H. (61.) 
Oxford, N. Y. (81.) 
Oxford, 11.(166.) 
Oxford, N. C. (216.) 
Oxford Rail R., see Pa. 

(156.) 
Oyster Bay, N. Y. (135.) 



P. 



Parkman, O. (101.) 
Parker, N. C. (218.) 
Parkers S. C. (2^0.) 
Parkers, Miss. (264.) 
Parkersburg, Va. (151). 
Parrishville,N. Y. (35.) 
Parry ville, II. (164.) 
Parrots, S. C. (254.) 
Parsonfield, Me. (63.) 
PascagoLila R., Miss. (311.) 
Pascagoula Bay, Miss. (311.) 
Pass Marian, Lou. (311.) 
Pater son and Hudson river 
i?oi//?oa(/, see N.J. (134.) 
Patterson, N. Y. (109.) 
Paterson,N. J. (134.) 
Patesville, K. (188.) 
Pattonsburg, Va. (195.) 



92 PAT PENNSYLVANIA. 

Patton, N. C. (236.) Pellicers, Fl. (330.) 
Pawtucket Canal, see Mass. Pembroke, Mass. (86.) 

(85.) Pemmaquid Pt. Me. (64.) 

Peaces, Ala. (248.) Pennsboro, Pa. (106.) 

Pearl R., Miss. (2;)6.) Penobscot R. Me. (20.) 

Pearlington, Miss. (310.) Penobscot Buy, Me. (64.) 

Peedee R., S. C. (255.) Pensacola, F. (312.) 

Peekskill, N. Y. (10.9.) Pensacola Bay, F. (312.) 

Pennsylvania, state of, (132.) is divided into 52 counties. 
Population, 1,347,672, including 386 slaves. Area, 47,500 
square miles. Capital, Harrisburg; metropolis, Phila- 
delphia in N. Lat. 39° 57'. E. Long. 1° 47'. General 
election, second Tuesday in October ; legislature meet first 
Tuesday in December. Constitution formed, 1790. 

Government. — Governor — term of office three years, 
salary $4,000 ; secretary of state ; treasurer ; auditor general ; 
surveyor general ; and attorney general. 

Legislature. — Senate consists of thirty-three members, 
elected for four years. House of representatives, one hun- 
dred members, elected annually. 

Juiiciary. — There is a supreme court, consisting of a 
chief justice and four associate judges. This court holds 
its courts in five places in the state, which is divided into 
five districts for that purpose. The state is also divided 
info 16 districts, for the sessions of the courts of common 
pleas. Each of these circuits has a presiding judge, and 
two associates from each county. The judges of the 
supreme court receive a salary of $2,000 per annum ; the 
judges of the common pleas, $1,600 ; and the associates, 
$200. 

Physical Structure. — The Allegheny mountains pass 
obliquely, across the central part of the state, ranging, 
generally, from north-east to south-west. The several 
ridges which constitute the system here are known by 
local names, differing, in many cases, from those generally a- 
dopted by writers on geography. In passing along the great 
road from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, the traveller crosses, 
successively the following ridges : Mine Hill ; South Moun- 
tain ; Blue Mountain ; Cove ; Sideling Hill ; Tussey 's Moun- 



PENNSYLVANIA. Ud 

tain ; Dunning's Mountain ; Will's Mountain ; Allegheny 
Mountain ; Laurel Hill, and Chesnut ridge. The Alle- 
gheny Mountain is by far the most elevated among the 
group ; it is here that the waters which run eastward and 
those flowing into the Ohio, have their sources. The 
ridges on either side of the great Allegheny, are little else 
than mere steps from the plains below, up to the main 
ridsre ; the valleys, as well as the ridges, becoming more and 
more elevated, as they approach the dividing ridge. Some 
of the peaks attain an elevation of 3,000 teet ; the mean 
altitude of the Allegheny system, is about 2,500 feet above 
tide water. 

Islands. — With the exception of a few small islands in 
the Delaware and Susquehmna, there is none within the 
borders of the state. Those in the Susquehanna, are, Dun- 
can's island, at the mouth of the Juniata ; Hill island, near 
Middletown ; Fishing island, a few miles below, and some 
others. And in the Delaware, Tinicum, Hog, League, 
Pettys, Biles, &c. Lakes ; — Erie, which borders the N. 
W, part of the state, and Conneaut, are the only lakes in 
the state, which is remarkably destitute of such aggrega- 
tions of waters, as deserve the name of lakes. 

Rivers. — Delaware, Schuylkill, Lehigh, Susquehanna, 
Swatara, Juniata, West brunch, Ohio, Beaver, Allegheny, 
Conemaugh, Clarion, French creek, Monongahela, Yough- 
iogeny, &c. 

Productions. — Wheat, rye, Indian corn, barley, oats, 
flax, lumber, live stock, iron, &c. &c. 

Cities and Towns. — Philadelphia, the metropolis; Harris- 
burg, the capital ; Pittsburg, Erie, Lancaster, York, Read- 
ing, Bethlehem, Easton, Pottsville, Chester, West Chester, 
Carlisle, Bedford, Washington, (Sec. 

Internal. Improve?nents : — 

State Canals. — (Central division, Pennsylvania Canal, ex- 
tends from Columbia to Holidaysburg, length 171 .3-4 miles. 
Western division, Pennsylvania Canal, from Johnstown to 
Pittsburg, length 104 miles. Susquehannah division, Penn- 
sylvania Canal, extends from the central division on Dun- 
can's island, to Northumberland, 39 miles. West Branch 
division, Pennsylvania Canal, from Northumberland to 



94 PENNSYLVANIA. 

Dunnstown, 65 3-4 miles. North Branch division, Pennsyl. 
vania Canal, }rom Nortliumberland to Nanticoke tails, 6Ui 
miles. An extension of this canal, 14 db-l'iO miles, is now 
in progress. Delaware division, Pennsylvania Canal, ex- 
tends from Bristol to taston, 5.^ 3-4 miles, i ittshurg and 
Erie Canal, is to extend from Pittsburg to Erie, 73-40 
miles oi this work is completed. 

Canals constructed by joint stock-companies. — Schuyl- 
kill Navigation, extends from Philadelphia to Port Carbon, 
108 miles. Union Canal, extends from the Schuyl.uU near 
Reading to Middletown on the Susquehannah, iiz-08 miles. 
Pine Grove Canal, a branch of the preceding, 6-75 miles 
in length. Lehigh Navisration, from Easton to Mauch 
Chunk, 46-75 miles. Lackawaxen Canal, from M'C'arty's 
point to Honesdale, '25 miles. Conestoga Navigation, from 
Lancaster to Safe Harbor, on the Susquehannah, 18 miles. 
Codorus Navigation, from York to the Su quehannah, 11 
miles. West Philadelphia Canal, around the western abut- 
ment of the permanent bridge, over the Schuylkill, about 
5U0 yards in length. 

State Rail Roads. — Columbia Rail Road, extends from 
Philadelphia to Columbia, on the Susquehannah, length 
81-60 miles. Alleghany Portage Rail Roa /, from HoUi- 
daysburg to Johnstown, forms the connecting link between 
the central and western divisions of the Pennsylvania 
canal, length 36-6.^ miles. 

Rail Roads constructed by joint stock companies : — 
Mauch Chunk Rail Road, from Mauch Chunk to the coal 
mines, 9 miles. Room Run Rail Road, from Mauch Chunk 
to the coal mine on Room Run, 5-26 'uiles. Mount Carbon 
Rail Road, from Mount Carbon to Norwegian valley, 7-24 
miles. Schuylkill Valley Rail Road, from Port Carbon to 
Tuscarora, lU miles. Branches of the preceding, 15 miles. 
Schuylkill Rail Road, 13 miles. Mill Creek Rail Road, 
from Port Carbon to the coal mines, r-jar Mill Creek, 
length, including branches, 7 miles. Miw: Hill and Schuyl- 
kill Haven Rail Road, from Schuylkill Haven to the coal 
mines at Mine Hill, length, including 2 branches, 20 miles. 
Pine Grove Rail Road, 4 miles in length. Little Schuyl- 
kill Rail Road, from Port Clinton to Tamaqua, 23 miles. 





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PENNSYLVANIA. 95 

Lackawaxen Rail Road^ from Honesdale to Carbondale, 
16^- miles. West Chester Hail Road, Irorn the Colvmiia 
R. R. to Westchester, d tiiiles. thiladelp/na, Gtrmantown 
and Noriistoion Hail Road, (about 7 ri.iles o. tins roud are 
coDipleled, a new route to Norristown, leaving Gcrrnanlown 
to the jN. E. has been adopted.) Lyhin's Vaheij Rail hoad, 
from Broad Mountuin to MiUersburg. k lata clphia and 
Denton hail Road, 26 1-4 miles in length. Central Rail 
Road, from the vicinity of i ottsville to Sunbury, 44-54 
miles. Danville branch, 7 miles long, whole length 51-54. 
Oxford Rail Road, now in progress, extends trom the 
Coivmtia R. R. to the Maryland state line. Reading 
Rail Road, to extend from Norristown to Port Clinton. 

Pennsylvania Canals and Perrysville, T. (227.) 

Rail Roads, see Fennsyl- Person C. H., N. C. (215.) 

vania, (132.) Petersburg, P. (131.) 

Penyan, N. Y. (79.) Petersburg, P. (153.) 

Peoria, Ind. (119.) Petersburg, P. (155.) 

Perdido R., F. (317.) Petersburg, Ind. (166.) 

Perrysburg, O. (99.) Petersburg, Va. (Iu7.) 

Perry, G (287.) Petersburg and Roanoke 
Perrysville, O. (126.) Rail Road, see Virginia, 

Perrysville, P. (126.) (217.) 

Perrysville, Mo. (185.) Peters T., Va. (194.) 

Philadelphia, P. (137.) The metropolis of the state of 
Pennsylvania, and, after New York, the largest city in the 
United States. It is favourably situated between tiie Dela- 
ware and Schuylkill rivers, about five miles Irom the junc- 
tion of the latter with the Delaware. The city proper, or 
that portion of it v\hich is limited by the Delaware on the 
east, the Schuylkill on the west. Vine street on the north, 
and South or Cedar street on the south, is under the juris- 
diction of the corporation. The adjoining districts have 
each separate and distinct municipal authorities and regu- 
lations, wholly unconnected, in a legal point of view, with 
the others, or either of them. These regulations, being 
merely local in their operation, are unimportant in reler- 
ence to the city, as it is generally understood, which, for 
all practical purposes, may be regarded as embracing the 



96 PHILADELPHIA. 

adjoining districts of Kensington, the Northern Liberties, 
Spring Garden, South wark, iMoyamensing, &.c. 

Tlie densely built parts of the city and districts, have an 
outhne of about i^^ miles. 1'he principal streets ot the 
city proper, are Market or High, Arch or Mulberry, Race 
or Sj.ssairas, Vine, Chestnut, Walnut, Dock, iSpruce, Lom- 
bard, South or Cedar, Front, Second, Third, 6lc. up to 
Thirteenth, which is succeeded by Broad street, &lc. Those 
of the Northern Liberties, are Callowhill, Noble, Green, 
Coats, Brown, Front, Budd, Second, St. Johns, 'I'hird sts., 
Old York Road, &c. Those of Kensington, Beach, 
Queen, Maiden, Shackamaxon, Marlboro, Hanover street, 
&.C. In opring Garden, are John, Lawrence, Eighth, 
Ninth, &:c. Callowhill, James, Buttonwood, Spring Gar- 
den, Washington streets, &c. In Southwark, Ship, 
pen. Plum, German, Catherine, Queen, Christian, Car- 
penter. Prime streets, &c. And in Moyamensing, Ship- 
pen, Fitzwater, Catherine, Tidmarsh, Prime, and Federal 
streets. In addition to the above, each district has several 
cross streets and avenues, most of which are well built. 

Public buildings, and other interesting objects in or near 
the city, are : Independence Hall or State-house, in which 
the various courts are held. Bank of the United States, 
Philadelphia Bank, Theatre, Arcade and Philadelphia Mu- 
seum, Masonic Hall, Academy of the Fine Arts, United 
States Mint ; all the above are in Chestnut street. Penn- 
sylvania Hospital, in Pine street ; Alms-house, in Spruce 
street ; Orphan's Asylum, in Cherry street ; WiUs's Hos- 
pital tor the Lame and Blind, in Race street ; Pennsylvania 
Institution for the Blind, in Thirteenth street ; Orphan's 
(Catholic) Asylum of St. Joseph, in Chestnut street ; 
Widow's Asyluni, in Cherry street ; Permsylvania Institu- 
tion tor the Deaf and Dumb, on Broad and Pine streets ; 
Merchants' Exchange and Post Office, on Dock, Third and 
Walnut streets ; C'ustom-house, in Second street ; City 
Library, and Philoso[)hical Hall and Athenium, in Fitth 
street near Chestnut; Hall of the Franklin (mechanics') 
Institute, in Seventh street ; Academy of Natural Sciences, 
in Twelfth street ; University buildings, in Ninth street ; 
Jetierson College and Hall of the Geological Society of 



PHILABELFHIA. 



m 



Pennsylvania, in Tenth street; Musical Fund Hall, in 
Locust street ; Adelphi, in Fifth street; Washington Hall, 
in Third street; Theatre, in Walnut street; Theatre in 
Arch street; Prison, on Arch and Broad streets; Prison, 
in Walnut street; Eastern Penitentiary, and House of 
Refuge, in Coates street ; Fair Mount Water Works, on 
the Schuylkill, N. W. of the State-house ; Marine Asylum, 
and United States' Arsenal, on the Schuylkill, S. W. of the 
State-house; Navy Yard, on the Delaware; Friends' 
Lunatic Asylum, near Frankford ; about 80 churches, 12 
banks; Alms-house, west side of the Schuylkill; Girard 
College, N. W. of the State-house, &c. &c. 

ROUl ES FROM PHILADELPHIA. 





To Pittsburg. 






a3 I Laughlintown, 16 241 




'Fair Mount, 




1 


^ I Grcensburg, 23 264 


i 


Viaduct over the 




52 ( Pittsburg, 32 296 




Schuylkill, 


o 


3 






Buck l^avern. 


8 


11 


To Pittsburg, via ^arris- 




Spread eagle. 


5 


16 


hurg. 




Paoli, 


5 


21 


Lancaster, by rail road, 69 


"T3 


Warren 


1 


22 


Mountjoy, by stage, 12 81 


O 


•Valley Creek, 


7 


29 


Middletown, 15 96 


S' 


Downingtovvn, 


3 


32 


Harrisburg, 9 105 


,5 


Coatesville, 


8 


40 


Carlisle, 18 123 


Ph 


Gap Tavern, 


11 


51 


Stough'sT. 13 136 




Mine ridge. 


1 


52 


Shippensburg, 7 143 




Mill Creek, 


5 


57 


Chambersburg, 11 154 




Soudersburg, 


3 


60 


Pittsburg, as above, 149 303 




Lancaster, 


9 


69 






Mt. Pleasant, 


8 


77 


To Pittsburg, by PevnsyL 




C'olumbia, 


5 


82 


sylvania Rail Road and 




-York, 


11 


93 


Canal. 




Abbotstown, 


15 


108 


Columbia, as above, 82 




Gettysburg, 


14 


122 




' Marietta, 3 85 


6 

CO 


Chambersburg, 


25 


147 




Bainbridge, 6 91 


M'Connelstown,19 


166 


,-i 
a 


Falmouth, 4 95 


^ 


Bedford, 


31 


197 


C < 


Middletown, 4 99 




Shellsburg, 


9 206 


O 


Highspire, 3 102 




^ Stoystown, 


19 225 




Harrisburg, 6 108 



98 



ROUTES FROM PHILADELPHIA. 





f Blue Mt. Gap, 


5 113 


New Berlin, 


11 133 




Port Dauphin, 


3 116 


Millheim, 


25 158 




Duncans Isd. 


9 125 


Bellefbnte, 


21 179 




Newport, 


10 135 


Phillipsburg, 


27 206 




'I'hoiiipsontowr 


,11 146 


C'urwinville, 


19 225 




Mexico, 


7 153 


Brookville, 


37 262 




Mifflnitown, 


4 157 


Shippensville, 


27 289 


J- 


Luwistown, 


14 171 


Franklin, 


18 307 


VVaynesburg, 
Aughwick F's, 


14 185 


Meadville, 


25 332 


12 ly7 


Waterlord, 


23 355 




Huntingdon, 


17 2i4 


Erie, 


15 370 




Petersburg, 


7 221 








Alexandria, 


7 '2-^8 


To Pottsville, by Schuylkill 




Williamsburg, 


12 240 


Canal. 






Frankstown, 


10 250 


Manayunk, 


7 




^ Hollidaysburff, 


3 253 


Flat Rock, 


1 8 


Johnstown, by R. R. 


37 2 JO 


Spring Mills, 


3 n 




' Laurel Hill, 


7 2j7 


Norristown, 


5 16 




Lock port. 


10 307 


Phenixville, 


12 28 




Chesnut Hill, 


5 312 


Pottslown, 


15 43 




Blairsville, 


8 3j0 


Unionville, 


3 46 


1- 

CO 


Saltzburg, 


16 336 


Birdsboro, 


6 52 


VVarrentown, 


12 348 


Reading, 


12 64 


o 


Leech burg, 


10 358 


Hamburg, 


23 87 




Allegheny aqu 


1. 3 361 


Port Clinton, 


4 91 




Logans Ferry, 


15 376 


Tunnel, 


7 98 




. Pittsburg, 


18 394 


Schuylkill Haven, 


3 lOl 






Mount Carbon, 


4 105 


To Erie, Pa. by Staare. 


Pottsville, 


1 106 


Manaj^unk, 


7 


Port Carbon, 


2 108 


Norristown, 


9 16 







Trap, 


9 25 


To Bethlehem, Pa. 


by Stage. 


Fotlstown, 


10 35 


Sunville, 


3 


Warrensburg, 


5 40 


Germantown, 


3 6 


Exetertown, 


5 45 


Flowertovvn, 


5 11 


Reading, 


7 52 


Spring, 


6 17 


Hamburg, 


15 67 


Montgomery, 


4 21 


Orwigsburg, 


11 78 


Lexington, 


4 25 


Pottsville, 


8 86 


Seilersville, 


7 32 


Sun 


bury. 


36 122 


Quakertown, 


5 37 



ROUTES FROM PHILADELPHIA. 



99 



Fryburg-, 


6 43 


To New York, by Steam Boat 


Bethlehem, 


8 51 


and Rail Road. 






Bordentown, by S. Boat, 30 


To Eastov, by Stage. 


Centerville, by Rail R. 9 39 


Shoemakertown, 


9 


Spotswood, 16 55 


Jenluntown, 


1 10 


Soutli Am boy, 9 64 


Abington, 


1 11 


Perth Ainboy, by S. 


WillowgTove, 


2 13 


Boat, 2 66 


Newville, 


7 20 


New York, 25 91 


Dojlestown, 


4 24 




Ottsville, 


15 39 


To Baltimore, by Steam Boat 


Easton, 


17 56 


and Rail Road. 






^ CFortMitflin, 8 
"1 Lazaretto, 5 13 


To New York by 


Stage. 


Frankford, 


5 


C3 1 Chester, 5 IS 


Hohnsburg-, 


4 9 


S i Marcus Hook, 4 22 


Bristol, 


11 20 


1 Christiana Cr. 8 30 


Trenton, 


11 31 


^ t New Castle, 5 35 


Princeton, 


10 41 


Frenchtown,byR.R. 16 51 


Kingston, 


3 44 


Baltimore, by S. B. 69 120 


New Brunswick, 


13 57 




Milton, 


13 70 


To Baltimore, by Stage. 


Eiizabethtown, 


5 75 


Darby, 6 


Newark, 


6 SI 


Chester, 9 15 


New York, 


10 91 


Wilmington, 13 28 






Elkton, 2J 48 


To New York, by Steam Boat 


Havre de Grace, 16 64 


and Stage. 




Baltimore, 34 yS 


Burlington, by S. Boat, . 19 




Bristol, do. 


1 20 


To Baltimore, by Steam Boat 


Bordentown, do. 


10 30 


and Canal. 


Trenton, do 


6 36 


New Castle, as above, 


Princeton, by Stage, 


10 46 


by Steam Boat, 35 


New Brunswick, do 


17 63 


Delaware City, 6 41 


Perth Amboy, by S. 




St. Georges, by Canal, 5 46 


Bo.t, 


12 75 


Deep Cut, do. 4 50 


New Yurk, do. 


25 100 


Bohemia, do. 5 55 



Turkey Point, by S. 

Boat, 10 65 

Baltimore, do. 48 113 



100 



PIT 



To Cape May, by Steam 
Bout. 
Delaware City, as above, 41 
Reedy Island, 5 46 

AMaways Creek, 5 51 

Bombay Hook, 12 63 

Egg Island, 17 80 

Light Ho., C. Mav, 20 100 
Cape Island, " 2 202 

To Cape May, by Stage. 

Woodbury, 9 

Jonesboro, 10 19 

Malaga, ., 10 29 

Millville, 13 4-^ 

Port Elizabeth, 6 48 

Dennis Creek, 14 62 

Goshen, 4 66 



Cape May,C. H. 
Cold S()ring, 
Cape Island, 



4 70 
9 79 

2 81 



To Tuckerton, JS. Jer. by 
Stage. 
Pensauken Creek, 9 

Hampton, F. 17 26 

Washington, 9 35 

Tuckerton, 14 49 

To Long Branch. 
Bordentown, by S, B. 30 
Allentovvn, by Stage, 7 37 
Monmouth, do. 18 55 
Eaton, do. 10 65 

Long Branch, do. 4 69 



Philadelphia (West) Canal, 

see Pennsylvania, (157.) 
Philadelphia, Germanloion 
6f Norristown Rail Road, 
see Pennsylvania, (133.) 
Philadelphia, K. (188.) 
Phillipsbarg, L.C. (1 6.) 
Phillipsburg, P. (130.) 
Pickensviile, S. C. (2.52.) 
Pickensville, Miss. (280.) 
Picolota, F. (330.) 
Pierces, Ga. (28.).) 
Pike, N. Y. (78.) 
Pikeville, K. (192.) 
Pikoville, T. (22.1.) 
Pikeville, Ala. (246.) 
Piketon, O. (150.) 
Pinckneyville, S. C. (253.) 
Pine Bluff, Ark. (242.) 
Pine Log, Ga. (250.) 



Pineville, S. C. (273.) 
Pine Grove Rail Road, see 

Pennsylvania, (13 J.) 
Pine Orchard, N. Y. (83.) 
Pinthocco, Ala. ("284.) 
Piscataw^ay, Md. (177.) 
Piqua, O. (124.) 
Point au Tremble, L. C. (15.) 
Pt. Pyrites, Mich. (69.) 
Pt.-au Pins, U. C. (75.) 
Pt.au Play e, U. C. (100.) 
Pt. Pleasai.t, Va. (171.) 
P. duRocher, II. (163.) 
P. Frederick, Md. (177.) 
Pt. Tobacco, Md. (177.) 
Pt. Comfort, Ala. (285.) 
Pt. au Fer, Lou. (322.) 
Pt. of Pines, Fl. (328.) 
Pt. Chico, Lou. (.324.) 
Pittsfield, Mass. (83.) 



PITTSBURG. 



101 



Pittston, Pa. (107.) 

Pittsburg, Pa. (128.) The city of Pittsburg was founded 
in 1765 ; and now contains a population of about 30,000, in- 
cluding the adjoining villages of Allegheny, Birmiigham, 
&c. It is a place of great trade, and has extensive manu- 
factures. The public buildings are, a court house, ex- 
change, college, monitorial school house, several hotels, 
museums, U. States and Pittsburg banks, market-house, 
many founderies, and 1 6 or 18 churches of various denomi- 
nations. 

ROUTES FROM PITTSBURG. 



To Cincinnati, O. 


hy Steam 


Cincinnati, 


26 449 


Boat. 




(See Cincinnati.) 




Middletown, 


11 






Beavertown, 


18 2.^ 


To Philadelphia 


by Stage. 


Fawcetstown, 


19 48 


East Liberty, 


5 


Steuben ville, 


22 70 


Wilkinsburg, 


3 8 


Wellsburg, 


7 77 


Howardsville, 


3 11 


Warrenton, 


6 83 


Stewartsville, 


8 19 


Wheeling, 


8 91 


Adamsburg, 


6 25 


Eliza bethtown. 


13 104 


Greensburg, 


7 32 


Sistersville, 


35 139 


Youngstown, 


10 42 


Newport, 


17 15« 


Laughlin, 


13 55 


Marietta, 


16 172 


Stoystown, 


16 71 


Parkersburg, 


13 185 


Bedford, 


28 99 


Belville, 


17 202 


M'Connels T. 


31 130 


Latarts rapids, 


30 232 


Chambersburg, 


19 149 


Point Pleasant, 


29 261 


Gettysburg, 


25 174 


Gallipolis, 


3 264 


York, 


29 203 


Guyandot, 


34 298 


Columbia, 


11 214 


Burlington, 


7 305 


Lancaster, by R. ] 


R. 13 227 


Portsmouth, 


41 346 


Downingtown, 


37 264 


Manchester, 


36 382 


Philadelphia, 


32 2y6 


Maysville, 


10 3i.2 







Ripley, 


7 399 


To Philadelphia, 


by Canal 


Augusta, 


9 408 


and Rail Road. 


Point Pleasant, 


15 423 


Allegheny aqueduct, 33 



*9 



lo; 


2 PIT 




PORTLAND. 




Blairsville, 


41 74 


Mercer, 




15 60 


Johnstown, by R. R, 


30 104 


Georgetown, 




15 75 




' HoUidaysburg, 


37 141 


MeadviUe, 




15 90 




Huntingdon, 


39 180 


Waterlbrd, " 




23 113 


"rt 


Lewistown, 


43 2-23 


Erie, 




15 128 




Duncan Island 


46 269 








vJ 


Middletown, 


26 295 


To Wheeling, 


by Stage, 




.Columbia, 


17 302 


Findlaysville, 




13 


Philadelphia, R.R. 


82 394 


Washington, 
Martinsburg, 




11 24 
5 29 


To Erie, Pa. by Staff e. 


Claysville, 




4 3a 


Woodville, 


18 


W. Alexandria, 




6 39 


Butler, 


9 27 


Wheeling, 




16 55 


Cen 


treviile, 


18 45 









Pittboro, N. C. (235.) 
Phittsburg, N. Y. (36.) 
Pleasant Valley, N. Y. (36). 
Pleasant Grove, Va. (216.) 
Pleasant River Bay, Me. 

(42.) 
Plymouth, N. H. (62.) 
Plymouth, Mass. (112.) 
Plymouth, N. C. (238.) 
Pocomoke Bay, Va. (199.) 
Pogoi Is., Fl. (328.) 
Point Alderton, Mass. (86.) 
Pokanaweethty, Fl. (314.) 



Pompton, N. J. (108.) 
Pontiac, Mich. (73.) 
Poplar Spring, Md. (155.) 
Portage, N. Y. (57.) 
Portage, O. (101.) 
Port Deposit Canal, see 

Maryland, (156 ) 
Port Genesee, N. Y. (56.) 
Port Glasgow, N.Y. (57.) 
Port Barnet, Pa. (103.) 
Port Allegheny, Pa. (104.) 
Port Williams, K. (168.) 
Port Royal, Va. (176.) 



Portland, (63,) the metropolis of Maine, has a population 
of 12,600. Several handsome public and private buildings, 
among the former are a court-house, custom-house, 10 
churches, 6 banks, &c. 

ROUTES FROM PORTLAND. 



To Boston, by Stage. 




York, 


15 


47 


Saco, 


16 


Portsmouth, 


9 


56 


Kin nebunk port, 10 


26 


Hampton falls, 


13 


69 


Wells, 6 


32 


New bury port, 


9 


78 





PORTLAND. 


103 


Rowley, 


5 83 


Eastport, 


15 231 


Topsrield, 


8 91 






D.invers, 


6 97 


To Quebec, by Stage. 


Saugus, 


7 104 


Brunswick, 


27 


Boston, 


10 114 


Bodoiiiham, 


13 40 






Gardner, 


11 51 


To Boston, via Salem, by 


Hallowell, 


4 55 


Stage. 




Aug-usta, 


3 58 


Rowley, as above, 


83 


Waterville, 


17 75 


Ipswich, 


5 88 


Morridgwock, 


16 91 


Hamilton, 


5 93 


Solon, 


20 111 


Wenham, 


2 95 


Moscow, 


13 124 


Beverly, 


4 99 


Ferry over Kenne- 




Salem, 


3 102 


beck river, 


17 141 


Lynn, 


5 107 


Monument, 


48 189 


Boston, 


10 117 


St. Joseph, 


54 243 






St. Henry, 


28 271 


To Eastport, by Stage. 


Quebec, 


12 283 


Freeport, 


18 






Brunswick, 


9 27 


To Alfred. 




Bath, 


7 34 


Buxton, 


15 


Wiscasset, 


15 49 


Alfred, 


14 29 


Waldoboro, 


18 67 







Warren, 


9 76 


To White Hills. 


Thomastown, 


4 80 


Standish, 


17 


Camden, 


11 91 


Hiram, 


14 31 


Belfast, 


18 109 


Boundary line. 


10 41 


Castine, (by water) 


9 118 


Mt. Washington, 


47 88 


BluehiU, 


10 128 






Elsworth, 


14 142 


To Paris. 




Franklin, 


12 154 


Windham, 


15 


Cherryfield, 


20 174 


Raymond, 


11 26 


Columbia, 


12 186 


Otisfield, 


11 37 


Machias, 


15 201 


Paris, 


13 50 


Whiting, 


15 216 






Portland, N. Y. (77.) 


Portsmouth, N.H. (63.) 


Portland, Ala. (283.) 


Portsmouth and Roanoke 


Portersville, Ind. (167.) 


Rail Road, see Va. (218.) 


Ports, S. C. (274.) 




Portsmouth, 0.( 171.) 



104 



roT 



RALEIGH. 



Potato F., S. C. (274.) 
Potomac, Md. (154.) 
Potomac R., Md. (177.) 
Potomac Navigation, see 

Virginia, {\55.) 
Pofosi, Mo. (164.) 
Potsdatn, N. Y. (35.) 
Pottstown, Pa. (133.) 
Pottcrsville, Pa. vl02.) 
Poughkeepsie N. Y. (109.) 
Powelton, Ga. (271.) 
Prairie du Chien, Mich.(66, 
Prairie BIufF, Ala. (283.) 
Prattsville, Md. (154.) 
Prestoiiburg, K. (192.) 
Prescott, U. C. (34.) 
Presque L, U. C.( 56.) 
Presque Is. Pa. (76.) 



Princeton, N. J. (134.) 
Princeton, Ind. (166,) 
Princeton, K. (Ib7.) 
Princess Anne, Md. (178.) 
Pro hetstown, Ind. (122.) 
Providence, R. 1.(111.) 
hrovidence and Norwich 

Rail Road, see R. I (111.) 
Provincetown, Mass. (86.) 
Prudliomme, Lou. (293.)^ 
Prunty, Va.(1.52.) 
Puckna, Ala. (267.) 
Pughtown, Va. (154.) 
Pulaski, T. (227.) 
Pultneyville, N. Y. (56.) 
Purdy, T. (226.) 
Paris, S. C. (289.) 
Putnam, Ind. (146.) 



Quapaw villages. Ark. (242. 
Queenstown, Md. (177.) 
Quincy, Mass. (86.) 

Racoon spring, K. (191.) 
Raesville, Ga. (271.) 



) Quincy, II. (141.) 
Quincy, F. (315.) 



R. 



Raleigh, T. (225.) 



Raleigh, N. C (236.) Capital of North Carc^ina, con- 
tained in 1830, 1,700 inhabitants. The pubUc buildings 
are a state-bouse, court-house, jail, market-house, theatre, 
tvs^o or three banks, 2 churches, &c. 

ROUTES FROM RALEIGH. 



To Richmond Va., by Stage. 
Louisburg, 35 

Warreiiton, 23 58 

Lavvrenceville, 38 96 

Petersburg, 50 146 

Richmond, 21 167 



To Ede.nton, by Stage. 

Wakefield, 20 

Tarboro, 46 66 

Williamston, 34 100 

Jamestown, 11 111 

Plymouth, 13 124 

Edenton, 14 138 



RALEIGH. READING. 



105 



To Newhurn, by Stage. 


Lit. Lynches Cr. 


21 162 


Srnithfield, 30 


Camden, 


12 174 


Waynesboro, 24 54 


Columbia, 


32 106 


Kingston, 26 80 






Nevvbern, 47 127 


To KnoxviUe, T. 


by Stage. 




Branthys, 


16 


To Wilmington, by Stage. 


Pittboro, 


20 36 


Fayetteville, 58 


Ashboro, 


34 70 


Elizabeth, 39 97 


Salisbury, 


32 102 


Wilmington, 61 158 


Statesville, 


27 129 




Morg-antown, 


38 167 


To Columbia, S. C. 


Ashville, 


62 229 


Fayetteville, 58 


Warm Springs, 


36 265 


Laurel hill, 33 91 


Newport, T. 


28 293 


Cheraw, 28 119 


Dandridge, T. 


15 308 


Evans Ford, 22 141 


Knoxville, T. 


32 340 



Raleighs Bay, N. C. (258.) Ravenna, O, (101.) 
Rantales, S C. (290.) Raymond, Me. (63.) 

Rappahannock R., Va. (198.) Reading, N. Y. (80.) 

Reading, Pa. (133.) Seat of justice of Berks county. 
Population in 1830, 5,859. The public buildings consist of 
a court-house, two banks, county offices, 7 or 8 churches, 
&c. The inhabitants are mostly Germans, or descendants 
of Germans. 

ROUTES FROM READING. 



To Philadelphia 
Exetertown, 


, by Stage. 


Unionville, 
Pottstown, 




6 18 
3 21 


Warrensburg, 


5 12 


Phenixville, 




15 36 


Pottstown, 


5 17 


Norristown, 




12 48 


Trap, 

Norristown, 
Manayunk, 
Philadelphia, 


10 27 
9 36 
9 45 
7 52 


Manayunk, 9 57 
Philadelphia, 7 64 

To Potisville, by Schuylkill 
Canal. 


To Philadelphia, by Schuyl- 
kill Canal. 


Hamburg, 
Port Clinton, 




23 

4 27 


Birdsboro, 


12 


Schuylkill Haven, 


10 37 



I 



106 REA 






RHODE-ISLAND. 


Pottsville, 


5 


42 


To Lancaster, hy Stage. 


Port Carbon, 


2 


44 


Adamstown, 9 
Reainstow^n, 5 14 


To Pottsville, 


by Stag 


e. 


Ephrata, 4 18 


Maiden Creek, 




7 


Lancaster, 13 31 


Hamburg-, 


8 


15 




Port Clinton, 


5 


20 


To Karrishurg^ by Stage. 


Orwigsbuig, 


6 


26 


Sinking Spring, 4 


Pottsville, 


8 


34 


Womelsdorf, 9 J 3 








Myerstown, 7 20 


To Middletown, 


bij Union 


Lebanon, 6 26 


Canai 






Millerstown, 5 31 


Berneville, 




15 


Palmyra, 6 37 


Womelsdorf, 


10 


25 


Hummelstown, 6 43 


Stouchstown, 


3 


28 


Harrisburg, 9 52 


Myerstown, 


5 


33 




Lebanon, 


8 


41 


To Easton, by Stage. 


Tunnel, 


1 


42 


Kulztown, 17 


Swatara river. 


7 


49 


Trexlcrstown 9 26 


Quittapapilla R., 


11 


60 


Allentown, 8 34 


Middletown, 


19 


79 


Bethlehem, 6 40 








Easton, 10 50 



Reisters, Md. (156.) 
Renssellaerville, N. Y. (82.) 
Reynoldsburg, T. (207.) 



Reading, O. (148.) 
Red River, Lou. (294.) 
Red Church, Lou. (323.) 
Redheimers, S. C. (273.) 

Rhode Island, state of, (lU,) is divided into five coun- 
ties. Population in 1830, 97,212. Area, 1,300 square 
miles. Capitals, Providence and Newport; metropolis. 
Providence, hit. 41° 49' N. long. 5° 28' E. Gent ral elec 
tion, April and August. Legislature meets, first Wednes- 
day in May, and last Wednesday in October. Date of 
Charter (from Charles II.), 1063. 

Oxficers of the government for one year : governor, sala- 
ry $400 ; lieutenant-governor, $200 ; secretary of state, 
fees and $750 ; state treasurer, $450 ; attorney-general, 
fees. 

General Assembly. — Senate consists of the governor, 



RHODE-ISLAND. 107 

lieutenant-governor, and eight senators. House of repre- 
sentdtives consists of 72 members, elected semi-annually. 

Judiciary, — is vested in a supreme court, composed of a 
chiei'justicc ($650 per annum), and two associale judges 
($550 each), and a court of common pitas, couiposed of five 
judges, for each county of the state. All the judges are 
appointed annually by the general assembly. 

Physical Structure. — No mountains of great elevation 
exist in this state. In the north-west quarter, hills of con- 
siderable magnitude occur, at frequent intervals : the sub- 
stratum being composed almost entirely of rocks which Ire- 
quently exhibit themselves, not only on the hills, but in the 
valleys also. These give to this part ot the state a ruggid, 
and exceedingly broken surface. The other three quarters 
may be regarded as lev^l, with slight interruptions occa- 
sioned by low hills : these, however, diminish in nunjber 
and importance as the sea-board is approached, and within 
a few miles of which they terminate altogether. 

Lakes. — Watchogg and Charles in the south-west. Paw- 
tuxet and several smaller lakes in the north-west. 

Ricers and Bays. — Narraganset Bay ; Taunton, Paw- 
tucket, Pawtuxet, Pawcatuck, Charles rivers, &c. 

Islands. — Rhode, Connanicut, Prudence, and some 
smaller islands. 

Productions. — Wheat, rye, corn, oats, barley, garden 
vegetables, cattle, &c. «fec. 

Towns. — Providence, Newport, Bristol, S. Kingston, 
Pawtucket, Burrelville, Slatersville, Pawtuxet, ic. 

Internal Improvements. — Blackstone Canal, (see Massa- 
chusetts.) Sionington Rail Road (now in progress), ex- 
tends from Stonington in Connecticut, to Providence, 46 
miles in length. A company has been incorporated to con- 
struct a Rail Road from Providence to Norwich in Con- 
necticut. 

Rhodes, T. (228.) Richland, N. Y. (57.) 

Rhinebeck, N. Y. (109.) Richmond, N. Y. (134.) 

Riceboro, G. (3d5.) Richmond, Ind. (148.) 

Richardsonville, S. C. (272.) Richmond C. H., Va. (177.) 
Richfield, N. Y. (81.) 



108 RICHMOND. 

Richmond, Va. (197,) capital and metropolis of Virginia* 
Population in 1830, 16,085. Public buildings, state house< 
penitentiary, court house, Virginia armory, theatre, and 8 
or lO hanasome churches, 

ROUTES FROM RICHMOND. 



To Norfolk by Steam Boat. 


Fredericksburg, 


22 64 


Warwick, 


7 


StatFord, C. H. 


9 73 


Osborn, 


10 17 


Aquia, 


5 78 


Eppes Island, 


22 39 


Dumfries, 


9 87 


Windmill Point, 


n 50 


Occoquan, 


9 96 


Jamestown, 


24 74 


Alexandria, 


17 113 


Burrels Bay, 


13 87 


Washington, 


9 122 


Newport News, 


15 102 






Craney Island, 


9 111 


To Releigh, N. C. 


by Stage. 


Norfolk, 


6 117 


Petersburg, 


21 






Notoway R. 


32 53 


To Baltimore, by Steam 


Lawrenceville, 


18 71 


Boat. 




Roanoke R. 


19 90 


Newport News, 


as 


VVarrenton, 


19 109 


above, 


102 


Louisburg, 


23 1.S2 


Fort Calhoun, 


8 110 


Raleigh, 


35 167 


Old Pt. Comlbrt, 


1 HI 






New ditto. 


23 134 


To Norfolk, by Stage. 


Rappahannoc R. 


22 156 


Petersburg, 


21 


Light Boat, 


21 177 


Cabin Point, 


26 47 


Cedar Point, 


32 209 


Surry, C. II. 


14 61 


Sharps Island, 


25 234 


Smithfield, 


18 79 


Herring Bay, 


10 244 


Nansemond R. 


11 90 


Thomas' Point, 


12 256 


Norlolk, 


25 115 


Bodkin Pt. 


20 276 






North Pt. 


3 279 


To Knoxville, 


Ten. by 


Fort M 'Henry, 


7 286 


Stage. 




Baltimore, 


3 289 


Powhatan C. H. 


32 






Cumberland C.H 


25 57 


To Washington 


City, by 


Lynchburg, 


56 113 


Stage. 




New London, 


11 124 


Hanover, C. H. 


19 


Liberty, 


15 139 


Bowlinggreen, 


23 42 


Big Liek, 


28 167 



RICHMOND. 



109 



Salem, 

Christiansburg, 

Newbern, 

Evansham, 

Mt. Airy, 

Abingdon, 

Blountsviile, 

Kingsport, 

Rogersville, 

Rutledge, 

Knoxville, 



7 174 

27 201 
17 218 

28 246 
15 161 
41 302 
24 32b 
17 343 
26 369 

31 400 

32 432 



To Guyandot, via Warm 

Springs, by Stage. 
Goochland, C. H. 2: 

Columbia, 19 < 

Monticello, 17 6 

Charlottesville, & 
University of Va. 
York, 

Waynesboro, 
Staunton, 
Gap, 



3 78 

19 97 

6 103 

12 115 

17 132 



Richmond, K. (190.) 
Ridgefield, N. Y. (58.) 
Ridgeville, Pa. (131.) 
Ridge, S. C. (272.) 
R. des Moines, (90.) 
R. St. Croix, Me. (21.) 
R.St. Francis, L. C. (16.) 
R. St. Lawrence, U. C. (33.) 
River St. Clair, U. C. (51.) 
River Head, N. Y. (136.) 
Rivers, S. C. (272.) 
Roanoke R., Va. (2 6.) 
Roanoke inlet, N. C. 

(239.) 
Robbinston, Me. (.42.) 
Robertsvillc, S. C. (2SD.) 



Warm Springs, 36 168 

Hot do. 5 173 
White Sulphur Sp. 38 211 

Lewisburg, 10 2:21 

Salt Works, 82 303 

Charleston, 4 307 

Guyandot, 41 348 

To Wirichester via Harrison- 
burg, by Stage. 

So. Anna R. 21 

Louisa C. H. 30 51 

Gordonsville, 15 66 

Barboursville, 6 72 

Stannardsville, 15 87 

Magaughey T. 23 110 

Harrisonburg, 11 121 

Mt. Pleasant, 25 146 

Woodstock, 13 159 

Strasburg, U 170 

Newtown, 11 181 

Winchester, 8 189 



Rochester Rail Road, see 

N. York, (56.) 
Rochester and Batavia R. 

Road, sec N. York, (56.) 
Roanoke Navigation, see N, 

Carolina &. Va, (21 iJ.) 
Room Run Riil Road, see 

Pennsylvania, (133.) 
Reading R. R. see Pa. (133.) 
Rappuhannoc Navigation, 

see Virginia, (176.) 
Richmond and I'eterdmrg 

Rail Road, see Vir (1 .7.) 
Richmond and Fredericks- 

burg Rail Rocd, see Vir^ 

giuia, Cli/7.) 
10 



110 



ROCHESTER. 



Rochester, N. Y. (56,) a large commercial and manufac- 
turing city, in Monroe county, situated on the Genesee 
river, above the great falls, and six miles from its entrance 
into Lake Ontario; founded in 1812; population is about 
12,000. Public buildings, &c. — court house, jail, twelve 
churches, two banks, arcade and observatory, a splendid 
aqueduct, 804 feet long, and five or six excellent hotels, 
bath house, &c. Sec. 



ROUTES FROM ROCHESTER. 



To Albany, by 


Erie Canal. 


Tonnewanta, 


10 83 


Pittsford, 


10 


Buffalo, 


12 95 


Palmyra, 


19 29 






Newark, 


8 37 


To Niagara 


Falls. 


Lyons, 


7 44 


Parma, by ridge 


road, 11 


Clyde, 


9 53 


Clarkson, 


7 18 


Montezuma, 


11 64 


Gainsville, 


15 33 


Jordan, 


15 79 


Oak Orchard, 


7 40 


Syracuse, 


20 99 


Hartland, 


14 54 


Manlius, 


9 108 


Cambria, 


11 6o 


Canistota, 


16 124 


Lewistown, 


15 81 


Rome, 


21 145 


Niagara Falls, 


6 87 


Utica, 


15 160 






Little Fallsj 


22 182 


To Utica. 


Canajoharie, 


19 201 


Pittsford, 


8 


Amsterdam, 


23 224 


Mendon, 


7 15 


Schenectady, 


16 240 


Bloomfield, 


5 20 


Albany, 


28 268 


Canandaigua, 


9 29 




_ 


Geneva, 


16 45 


To Buffalo by 


Erie Canal. 


Cayua, 


14 59 


Ogden, 


12 


Auburn, 


9 68 


Adams' Basin, 


3 15 


West Hills, 


21 89 


Brockport, 


5 20 


Lenox, 


26 115 


Holly, 


5 25 


Utica, 


26 141 


Albion, 


10 35 






Wrightsville, 


11 46 


To Buffalo, by Stage. 


Middleport, 


9 55 


Bergen, 


17 


Lock port. 


9 64 


Batavia, 


13 30 


Pendleton, 


9 73 


Pembroke, 


14 44 



ROC 



SAN 



in 



Ransoms Grove, 
Williamsville, 



8 52 I Buffalo, 
8 60 



10 70 



Rock R., II. (93.) 
Rock Pt, Lou. (279.) 
Rockaway, N. Y. (135.) 
Rock Haven, II. (186.) 
Rockforcl, N. C. (214.) 
Rockport, Ind. (188.) 
Rockville, Ind. (145.) 
Rockville, Md. (155.) 
Rockingham, N. C. (235.) 
Rockymount, Va. (215.) 
Rogers, Pa. (106.) 
Rome, N. Y. (58.) 
Rome, N. Y. (108.) 
Rome, Ind. (167.) 
Romney, Va. (154.) 



Rossville, T. (229.) 
Rotterdam, N. Y. (58.) 
Rouses Point, L. C. (15.) 
Rowlando, (255.) 
Royalton, Vt. (61.) 
Rumford, Me. (39.) 
Rushville, II. (118.) 
Rushville, Ind. (147.) 
Russel, N. Y. (34.) 
Russelville, K. (208.) 
Russelville, Ala. (247.) 
Rutland, Vt. (61.) 
Rutledge, T. (211.) 
Rutherfordton, N. C. (233.) 
Ryegate, Vt. (37.) 



S. 



Saluda Canal, see S. Caro- 
lina, (253.) 

Savannah and Ogechee 
Canal, see Ga. (289.) 

Seneca Canal, seeN.Y.(80.) 

Schenectady and Saratoga 
Rail Road, see N. Y. (83.) 

Schenectady and Uiica Rail 
Road, see N. York, (82.) 

Schuylkill Navigation, see 
Pennsylvania, (134.) 

Schuylkill Valley Rail Road, 
see Pennsylvania, (132.) 

Schuylkill Rail Road, see 
Pennsylvania, (132.) 

Schuylkill (little) Rail Road, 
see Pennsylvania, (133.) 

Slonington Rail Road, see 
Rhode Island, (111.) 

Salem Canal, see New Jer- 
sey, (157.) 



South Carolina Rail Road, 

see S. Carolina, (273.) 
Santee Canal, see S. Caro- 
lina, (273.) 
Sabine Lake, Lou. (319.) 
Sabine R., Lou. (306.) 
Sacket's Harb., N. Y. (57.) 
Saco, Me. (63.) 
Sagharbor, N. Y. (136.) 
Salem, Mass. (86.) 
Salem, O. (148.) 
Salcm, N. J. (157.) 
Salisbury, N. H. (62.) 
Salem, II. (165.) 
Salt Works, II. (121.) 
Salt Licks, Lou. (278.) 
Salt River, Mo. (141.) 
Salubria, N. Y. (80.) 
Saltzburg, Pa. (129.) 
Sandersville, Ga. (288.) 



112 



SARATOGA SPRINGS. 



Sandusky Bay, O. (100.) 
Sandusky C, O. (100.) 
Sandwich, U. C. (74.) 
Sandwich, Mass. (112.) 
Sandy Point, Mass. (112.) 
Sandy Hook, N. Y. (135.) 
Sandy Hill, N. Y. (60.) 
Sangamo R., II. (144.) 
Sangerfield, N. Y. (81.) 
Santa Rosa I., F. (312.) 



Santa Rosa Bay, F. (313.) 
Santaffy Bay, Fl. (328.) 
Santcc R., S. C. (273.) 
Santilla R. Ga. (304.) 
Sapel Sound, Ga. (^305.) 
Sauk Village, 11. (92.) 
Slate Navigation, "see Vir- 
ginia, (196.) 
Shenandoah Navigation, se 
Virginia, (175.) 



Saratoga Springs, N. Y. (60.) The most celebrated of 
these springs, 7 in number, occupy the central part of Sara- 
toga county, and are about equi-distant from Schnectady and 
Glenn's falls. Every accommodation is afforded the visi- 
ters, by the spacious and elegant hotels, which abound 
here. The most noted of these are. Congress Hall, near 
the Congress Springs, United States Hotel, in the centre of 
the village, the Pavilion, near Flat Rock Spring, Union 
Hall, opposite Congress Hall, Columbian Hotel, near the 
Pavilion, Washington Hall, in the north end of the village, 
together uith some other hotels and boarding houses. 
Tfiere are also commodious bathing houses, circulating 
library, reading rooms, mineralogical cabinet, «fcc. &c. 

ROUTES FROM SARATOGA SPRINGS. 



To Albany, by Rail Road. 

Ballston Spa, 6 

Schenectady, 14 20 

Albany, 16 36 

To Albany, via Waterford. 

Baliston Spa, 6 

Waterford, 22 28 



Savannah, Ga. (289), metropolis of Georgia. Population 
in 1830, 7,303. Public buildings, &c.— exchange, U. S, 
branch bank, and some others, academy, several handsome 
churches, public squares, &c. 



Troy, 
Albany, 


4 32 

6 40 


To Whitehall, 
Northum berland 
Glenns falls, and 

hill. 
Fort Ann, 
WhitehaU, 


by Stage. 

4 

Sandy 

15 19 
10 29 
12 41 



SAVANNAH. 



118 



ROUTES FROM SAVANNAH. 



To Augusta, by Steam Boat. 


Argyle Island, 


7 


Isla I. 


8 15 


Parisburg-, 


16 31 


Beck's Ferry, 


5 36 


Ebenezer, 


10 46 


Sisters' Ferry, 


19 65 


Hudson's Ferry, 


25 90 


Blanket Point, 


5 95 


Brier Creek, 


16 111 


Burton's Ferry, 


24 135 


Lower 3 runs, 


11 146 


Steel Creek, 


12 158 


Limestone BlufF, 


13 17] 


Dog Ferry, 


3 174 


Demaries Ferry, 


11 185 


Gray's Landing, 


10 195 


Wallicon's Ferry, 


29 224 


Augusta, 


7 231 


To Charleston, by 


Steam 


Boat. 




Fort Jackson, 


3 


Elba Island, 


5 8 


Long I. 


3 11 


Bloody Point, 


6 17 


Hilton Head, 


18 35 


Trancard's Inlet, 


4 39 


Fripp's Inlet, 


12 51 


St. Helena Sound, 


9 60 


S. Edisto Inlet, 


3 63 


N. do. do. 


13 76 


Stono Inlet, 


14 90 


Coffin I. L. House, 


11 101 


Fort Moultrie, 


6 107 


Charleston, 


4 111 



To Augusta, by Stage. 

Abercom, 17 

Ebenezer, 8 25 

Jacksonboro, 45 70 

Augusta, 65 135 

To Milledgeville by Stage. 

Gr. Ogechee R. 20 

Statesboro, 29 49 

Sandersville, 86 135 

Milledgeville, 28 163 

To St. Mary's, by Stage. 

Bryan, old C. H. 17 

Riceboro, 17 34 

Barrington, 20 54 

Buffalo Cr. 14 68 

Scilla R. 10 78 

Jefferson, 20 98 

St. Mary's, 20 118 

To Darien by Stage. 

Sunbury, 20 

Sapelo, 16 36 

Darien, 12 48 

To Charleston, by Stage. 

New River, 14 

Hogtown, 9 23 

Coosawhatchie, 17 40 

Pocotaligo, 6 46 

Parker's Ferry, 32 78 

Guerin's Ferry, 17 95 

Charleston, 11 106 



Savannah, R., Ga. (290.) Schenectady, N. Y. (83.) 

10* 



114 



SOUTH CAROLINA, 



Scodic Pt., Me. (41.) 
Seawright, S. C. (273.) 
Sellers, Pa. (133.) 
Sclma, Ala. (283.) 
Seneca Ind., U. C. (77.) 
Seneca L., N. Y. (80.) 
Shakers, (61.) 
Shallow Lakes, N. H. (31.) 
Shandccan, N. Y. (52.) 
Sheffield, Mass. (83.) 
ShelbyviUe, II. (144.) 
Shelbyville, Ind. (147.) 
Sherbourne, N. Y. (81.) 
Shieldsboro, Miss. (310.) 
Shippensburg, Pa. (131.) 
Shuiersville, Pa. (106.) 
Shirleyburg, Pa. (131.) 
Shorebam, Vt. (60.) 
Shoalrft., 11. (118.) 



Shullsburg, Mich. (66.) 
Sidney, Me. (40.) 
Sistersville, Va. (151.) 
Three Sister's Islands, Mich. 

(99.) 
Skeneateles, N. Y. (80.) 
Small Pt., Me. (54.) 
Smithport, Pa. (104.) 
Smithfield, Va. (152.) 
Smyrna, De. (157.) 
Solon, N. Y. (81.) 
Somerset, Pa. (129.) 
Somerset, O. (150.) 
Somerville, N. J. (134.) 
Sorel, Lou. (322.) . 
Sorrel R., L. C. (15.) 
So. Bend, Ind. (96.) 
Sotos, Lou. (277.) 



South Carolina, state of, (253) ; is divided into 29 dis- 
tricts. Population in 1830, 581,458, including 315,665 
slaves; area, 31,750 square miles; capital, Columbia; 
metropolis, Charleston ; lat. 32° 45' N. long. 2° 53' W. 
General election, second Monday in October, biennially. 
Legifclatnre meet, fourth Monday in November ; constitu- 
tion formed 1790, since amended. 

Government. — Governor — term of office two years, 
salnry, $3,500, chosen by the general assembly — lieutenant- 
governor, &c. 

Legislature : — The legislative power is vested in a 
senate having 45 members, elected for four years, one half 
being chosen biennially ; and a house of representatives, 
composed of 124 members, elected for two years; these 
bodies are styled the General Assembly. 

Judiciary. — Consists of a const of appeals, composed of 
three iudgts, who receive 83,500 per annum, each ; a court 
of equity, with two judges, styled chancellors, each of whom 
rectives $3,500 per annum ; and a court of general sessions 



SOUTH CAROLINA. 115 

and common pleas, six judges, with a salary to each of 
$3,500 per annum. 

Physical Structure. — The entire sea coast, and for several 
miles inland, the surface is remarkably level. The soil 
consists of swamps and marshes, interspersed with ridges 
sufficiently elevated merely to escape submers>3n, some of 
which are quite inacceseible, and are thus rendered useless. 
After passing- the alluvial border, which is marked by the 
great road leading from Fayetteville to Augusta, the coun- 
try assumes a more undulating appearance ; the hills in- 
crease in number and magnitude, until they become so 
numerous as to form continuous ridges; these continue to 
enlarge in proceeding westward, and ultimately form the 
spurs and flanks of the great blue ridge, which here forms 
a part of the boundary of the state. 

Rivers. — Pedee ; Waccamaw ; Little Pedee; Lynches 
Creek; Santee ; Wateree; Catuwba ; Conganee ; Broad; 
Tyger ; Ennoree; Saluda; Cooper; Ashley; Edisto; 
Combahee, and Savannah. 

Islands. — North L ; Murphcy ; Cape Roman; Bulls; 
Dewees ; Sullivans ; Holly ; Johns ; Wadmelaw ; Edisto ; 
Reynolds; Hunting; St. Helena; Ladies; Port Royal; 
Hilton Head, «Stc. &c. 

Productions. — Cotton, rice, tobacco, fruits, &c. &c. 
Towns. — Charleston, Columbia, Georgetown, Cheraw, 
Camden, Yorkville, Spartanburg, Pendleton, Abbeville, 
Edgefield, Hamburg, Beaufort, &c. &c. 

Internal Improvements. — South Carolina Rail Road, 
commences at Charleston, and terminates in the town of 
Hamburg, opposite Augusta, entire length, 135-75 miles. 
It is projjosed to construct a brunch to Orangeburg, and 
thence to Columbia, &c. and another to B..rii\vell C H. 
Santee Canal., connects the harbor of Charleston with the 
S:intec, length 22 mile. V.'ini/aw Canal, extei;ds from Win- 
yaw Bay to I^'i^!ock Creek, a branch ol Santee river, length 
7-40 mi!f^3. The nuvigr.tion ol' the Catawba has been im- 
proved by the construction of several small canals. Saluda 
Canal, extends from the head of Sakida shoals to Granby 
Ferry on theCc;:garee, 6-20 miles in length. Drthr''s Canal^ 



116 



SPA 



SYR 



is designed to overcome a fall of 120 feet in Saluda river, 
length 11-3 miles. Ijorick''s Canal, on Broad river, 1^ 
miles above Columbia, 1 mile long. LockharVs Canal, in 
Union District, around Lockhart's shoals, in Broad river, 
2 3-4 miles long. 



Spains, Ga. (286.) 
Sparta, Lou. (279.) 
Sparta, Ala. (299.) 
Spencer, N. Y. (80.) 
Spencer, Ind. (146.) 
Spillers, Lou. (309.) 
Springfield, Mass. (84.) 
Springfield, II. (143.) 
Springfield, O. (149.) 
Springfield, Lou. (309.) 
Springfield, Va. (154.) 
Springs Schooley's Mt., N. 

J. (134.) 
Squam Beach, N. J. (134.) 
St. Albans, Vt. (36.) 
St. Amaud, L. C. (16.) 
St. Andrew's Bay, Fl. (314.) 
St. Andrew's Sd., Ga. (318.) 
St. Augustine, Fl. (330.) 
St. Catharine's Sound, Ga. 

(305.) 
St. Charles, Mo. (163.) 
St. Clairsville, O. (128.) 
St. Clair, Mich. (74.) 
St. Dennis, L. C. (15.) 
St. Francisville, Lou. (308.) 
St. Gabriel's Lou. (308.) 
St. Helena Sound, S. C. 

(290.) 
St. Helena, Lou. (309.) 
St. Joseph's R., Ind. (97.) 
St. John's R., Fl. (318.) 
St Louis, Mo. (163.) 



St. Marks, Fl. (315.) 
St. Martins, Lou. (308.) 
St. Mary's R., Ga. (317.) 
St. Mary's, Ga. (318.) 
St. Regis, L. C. (14.) 
St. Simons I., Ga. (305.) 
St. Stephens, Ala. (298.) 
St. Sulpice, L. C. (15.) 
Stafford, Ct. (110.) 
Statesboro, Ga. (289.) 
Stedham, PI. (314.) 
Sterling, II. (145.) 
Steubenville, O. (128.) 
Stillwater, N. Y. (83.) 
Stoddartsville, Pa. (107.) 
Stockbridge, Mass. (83.) 
Stockport, Pa. (107.) 
Stoystown, Pa. (130.) 
Strasburg, Pa. (156.) 
Strawberry Ferry, S. C. 

('274.) 
Stuart T., N. H. (38.) 
Sturbridge, Mass. (84.) 
Sturgeon Pt., N. Y. (77.) 
Sullivan's I., S. C. (291.) 
Sunbury, Pa. (132.) 
Susquehannah R., Pa. (105.) 
Suvvanee R., Ga. (316.) 
Suwanee, Fl. (328.) 
Swansboro, Ga. (288.) 
Sweatz, Lou. (307.) 
Swedesboro, N. J. (157.) 
Syracuse, N. Y. (57.) 



TALLAHASSEE. TENNESSE. 



117 



Talapoosa R., Al. (268.) 



Talbot Ft., U. C. (76.) 



Tallahassee, Fl. (315.) Capital of Florida, founded and 
immediately incorporated as a city, in 1525. Population 
about 1200. The public buildings are the capital, one or 
two churches, &Lc. 

ROUTES FROM TALLAHASSE. 



To Pensacola. 


Richardson, 


29 45 


Salubrity, 10 


Suwanee Ferry, 


30 75 


Aspalaga, 34 44 


Dells P. O. 


54 129 


Chipola, 16 60 


Pecolatti, 


55 184 


Choctawhatchee R. 47 107 


St. Augustine, 


22 206 


Andersons, 58 165 







Pensacola, 37 202 


To Lake lamony, 


9 




To Lake Jackson, 


4 


To St. Augustine. 


To St. Marks, 


21 


Gadsden, 16 


! 





Taney T,, Md. (155.) Taylorsville, Va. (214.) 

Tappahannock, Va. (198.) Taylor, Ga. (289.) 

Tarboro, N. C. (237.) Tecumseh, Mich. (73.) 

Tarleton, O. (150.) Tolland, Ct. (110.) 

Tatesville, Ala. (299.) Tennessee R., T. (206.) 

Tattnall C. H., Ga. (288.) Tennessee R., Ala. (248.) 
Taunton, Mass. (HI.) 

Tennessee, state of, (226.) is divided into 41 counties. 
Population in 1830, 681,903, including 141,603 slaves. 
Area 40,200 square miles. Capital and metropolis, Nash- 
ville ; Lat. 36° 07' N. Long. 9° 44' W. General election, 
first Thursday, and Friday in August, biennally. Legis- 
lature meet, third Monday in September every second 
year; date of constitution 1796. 

Government. — Governor, term of office two years, salary 
$2,000 per annum ; legislature is composed of a senate 
and house of representatives, styled the General Assembly, 
the members of both are elected biennially, and receive 
each $4 a day during the session of the legislature. 

Judiciary. — The supreme court of errors and appeals 
consists of three judges, salary of each $1,800 per annum, 



118 TENNESSEE. 

two chancellors, $1^00 each. There are eleven circuits, 
and a like number of judges, salary of each $1,300, per 
annum. 

Physical Structure. — Tiie most elevated portion of this 
state is a ridg-e of mountains which divides it from tlie state 
of North Carolina, to which several local names have been 
applied. The most noted of these are Unika, Iron, Smoky, 
Bald, and Stone mountains. Tliese several mountains 
form a single ridge of the Alleghenies, which, next to the 
blue ridge on the east, is the most elevated in the series. 
In descending the ridge just mentioned, westward, several 
inferior mountains occur at frequent intervals, from which 
spurs issue in all directions, and thus modify and establish 
the hydrography of this portion of the state. 

The same, or nearly a similar configuration, marks the 
country on the west of the Tennessee river, whose bed, 
though in a deep valley, is greatly elevated above the base 
of tide water. 

A few miles west from, and nearly pai'allel with the Ten- 
nessee, the Cumberland mountain attains its greatest height, 
and presents a remarkable feature in the geology of this 
part of the state. The Cumberland mountain, so called, 
assumes the appearance, and is in fact an extensive pla- 
teau, elevated probably, from 12,00 to 15,00 feet above the 
ocean. The mean width of this table-land is not less than 
40 miles ; the western shelf of the Cumberland plateau, 
iorms, with the exception of some hills, the last of the nu- 
merous elevations, which distinguish the whole of the eas- 
tern part of the state, which is emphatically a " moun- 
tain region." 

Immediately west of the Cumberland, but few hills are 
seen, and the country generally begins to assume a level 
aspect ; further west, the surface continues to decline, until 
it is again broken by the Tennessee, which here intersects 
the state from south to north ; all beyond is comparatively 
level, no elevation deserving the name of mountain, existing 
in the entire space between the Tennessee and Mississippi 
rivers. 

Rivers. — Mississippi, Obion, Forked-Deer, Hatchy, and 
Wolf, branches of the Mississippi. Tennessee ; French- 



TENNESSE.— TRENTON. 119 

Broad, Holston, Clinch, Hiwassee, Elk, Duck, &c. branches 
of the Tennessee. Cumberland ; Clear Fork, Obeys, Caney 
and Stones, branches of the Cumberland. 

Productions. — Wheat, rye, oats, barley, buckwheat, 
corn, cotton, tobacco, hemp, garden vegetables, and fruits 
of many sorts. 

Towns. — Knoxville, Kingston, Washington, Clinton, 
Rutledge, Newport, Blountsville, &c. in east Tennessee. 
Nashville, Franklin, Columbia, Murfreesboro, M'Minnville, 
Fayetteville, &cc. in the centre ; and Memphis, Bolivar, 
Brownsville, Lexington, Jackson, Trenton, Dresden and 
Reynoldsburg in West Tennessee. 

Internal Improvements. — None yet completed. Naviga- 
ble communications between the waters of the Tennessee 
and those of the Coosa, are contemplated. A Rail Road 
from the town of Randolpli on the Mississippi, to Jackson 
in Madison county, 65 miles, is proposed, and measures for 
insuring its early completion, have been adopted. 

Terre Haute, Ind. (145.) Ticonderoga, N. Y. (60.) 

Tazwell, T. (211 .) Timballier Bay, Lou. (323.) 

Tessuntee, N. C. (231.) Tioga R., N. Y. (79.) 

Texas, Mex. (274.) Tolosa, Fl. (329.) 

Theobald, K. (169.) Tombeckbee R., Ala. (282.) 

Thomasville, Ga. (316.) Tomkinsville, K. (209.) 

Thompson, Ct. (111.) Towanda, Pa. (106.) 

Thompsons, S. C. (290.) Towson, Ark. (260.) 

Thornton, N. H. (62.) Trenton, Me. (41.) 

Thorntown, Ind. (122.) Trenton, N. Y. {5Q.) 
Thurlow, U. C. (.32.) 

Trenton, N. J. (134.) Capital of New Jersey. Popula- 
tion about 4,500. The public buildings are, a state-house, 
two banks, jail, several large cotton-factories, &c. 
ROUTES FROM TRENTON. 

To Philadelphia, by Stage. I Holmsburg, 11 22 

Tullytown, 7 I Frankford, 4 26 

Bristol, 4 11 Philadelphia, 5 31 



120 TRENTON* 



"troy. 



To Philadelphia 


, by S. Bt. 


To Crosswicks, by Stage. 


Lamberton, 




2 


Bloomsbury, 1 


Bordentown, 


4 


6 


White Horse, 3 4 


Bristol, 


9 


15 


Sand Hills, on C.& A. 


Burlington, 


1 


16 


Rail Road, 2 6 


Bridesburg, 


16 32 


Crosswicks, 3 9 


Philadelphia, 


3 35 










To Neio Brunswick, by Del- 


To Easton, Pa. 


hy Stage. 


aware and Raritan Canal. 


Penington, 




9 


Miliham, 1 


Ringoes, 


10 


19 


Williamsburg, 10 11 


Flemington, 


6 


25 


Kingston, 3 14 


Pittstown, 


9 


34 


Rocky Hill, 2 16 


Hickorytowiij 


4 


38 


Griggstown, 2 18 


Bloomsbury, 


5 


43 


Blackwells, 4 22 


Easton, 


8 


51 


Millstone, 3 25 








Boundbrook, 5 30 


Ta New York, 


by Stage. 


New Brunswick, 7 37 


Princeton, 




10 




Kingston, 


3 


13 


To Bordentown by Dela- 


New Brunswick, 


13 


26 


ware and Raritan Canal. 


Milton, 


13 


39 


Bloomsbury, 1 


Elizabethtown, 


5 


44 


Lamberton, 1 2 


Newark, 


6 


50 


Bordentown, 4 6 


New York, 


10 


60 










To Saxtonvi' e, hy Canal. 


To New York, hy 


Stage 


and 


Yardleyville Ferry, 5 


and Steam Boat. 




Jacobs Creek, 2 7 


New Brunswick, 


as 




litusville, 3 10 


above. 




<r>^ 


Belle Mt. 3 13 


Perth Amboy, 


12 


38 


Lambertville and 


New York, 


25 


63 


New Hope, 3 16 








Prattsville, 5 21 




.) 




SaxtonviUe, 3 24 


Trenton, T. (21^ 




Troupsville, N. Y. (56.) 



Trenton, N. C. (237.) 

Troy, N. Y. (83.) A large and flourishing city, and 
seat of justice for Ransselkcr county. Its population is 
about 13,000, with numerous cLgant public buildings and 



TRO 



UNI 



121 



private dwellings. Among the former are four barrks, 
seven churches, a court-house, &.c. 

ROUTES FROM TROY. 



To Whitehall, by Champlain 

Canal. 

Lansingburg, 4 

Anthony's Kill, 10 14 

Stillwater, 3 ]7 

Bemis' Heights, 4 21 

Fort Miller, 12 43 

Fort Edward, 5 43 



Sandy Hill, 2 50 

Kingsbury, 4 54 

Fort Ann, 4 58 

Whitehall, 12 70 

(For routes to Montreal, 
Utica, Buffalo, &c. see 
" Routes from Albany.") 



Tuckersville,Ga.(305.) 
Tulins, Lou. (277.) 
Tunkhannock, Pa. (107.) 
Turner, N.C. (217.) 
Tuscaloosa, Ala. (266.) 
Tuscaloosa R., Ala. (266.) 
Tuscumbia, Ala. (247.) 
Tuscumhia Rail Road, see 

Alabama, (240.) 
Tushcacuta, Miss. (246.) 



U. 



Tannewanta Canal, see N. 
York, 

Troij and Ballston Rail 

Road, see N. York, (83.) 
Troy, O. (124.) 
Trov, Ind. (167.) 
Troy, Ten. (205.) 
Truxtun, N. Y. (80.) 
Truxville, (O.) 126.) 
Tuckerton, N. J. (158.) 

Ufallah, Ga. (301.) 
Unadilla, N. Y. (81.) 
Underwood, Ala. (246.) 
Underwoods, Miss. (261.) 
Union, N. Y. (83.) 
Union Canal, (132) see Pa. 

United States of North Ameiica, or "America," as they 
are termed by foreigners, consist of the following States, 
Territories and Districts. 

States. — Maine; New Hampshire; Vermont; Massa- 
cliusetts; Rhode Island ; Connecticut ; New York ; New 
Jer-sey ; Pennsylvania ; Delaware; Maryland; Viroinia; 
North Carolina; South Carolina; Gcor^jia; Alabama; 
Mississippi ; Louisiana ; Tennessee; Kentucky ; Missouri; 
Illinois ; Indiana, and Ohio. 
11 



Union, Pa. (153.) 
Union Canal, (85.) see N. H. 
Union, Mo. (163.) 
Union, S. C. (253.) 
Union T., Va. (1^4.) 
Unity, Me. (40.) 



122 UNITED STATES. 

Territories. — Michigan , Arkansas, and Florida. 

Districts.— Colamhia. ; Sioux ; Mandan ; Oregon ; Osage ; 
Ozark and Huron ; which last is attached to Michigan. 

The Districts of Oregon, Mandan, Sioux, and Ozark, 
comprehend the entire region lying west of the states of 
Missouri and Illinois, and the territories of Arkansas and 
Michigan. 

Tlie whole having a population, according to the census 
of 1830, of 12,835,106, and an area of 2,037,165 square 
miles. 

(A more detailed account of the States, &c. will be found 
under the head of each.) 

Capital, Washington, lat. 38<^ 53' N. Metropolis, New 
York, lat. 40° 43' N. long. 2° 55' E. Congress meet, first 
Monday in December. Date of Constilulion, September 
17th, 1787. Thj elections for President, and members of 
the Senate and House of Representatives, are determined 
by the state governments respectively, and occur at differ- 
ent periods. The president is elected for four years ; the 
members of the senate for six, and those of the House of 
Representatives, for two years. 

Government. — The executive department, consists of a 
President, who receives $25,000, and a Vice-President, 
$5,000 per annum. Four Secretaries, who are respectively 
charged with the duties of the various departments of state, 
the treasury, war, and the navy. Each of the secretaries 
receives a salary of $6,000 per annum ; one post master 
general, $6,000 ; and an attorney general, $3,500. These 
hold their offices at the will of the president. 

Department of State. — The secretary of this branch of 
the government, conducts the diplomatic correspondence at 
home and abroad ; negotiates treaties with foreign powers ; 
disseminates the acts of Congress and all treaties ; grants 
passports; has charge of the patent office, and of the seal 
of the United States, &lc. &c. 

The secretary of the treasury, superintends all fiscal 
concerns of the government, and, upon his own responsibi- 
lity, recommends to Congress measures for improving the 
condition of the revenue, and settles all government ac- 
counts, in which he is aided by two comptrollers, five 



I 



UNITED STATES. 123 

auditors, a treasurer and a register. The General Land 
Office is a subordinate branch of this department. 

The secretary of war, has the superintendence of mili- 
tary affairs generally ; the erection of fortifications ; of 
making topographical surveys ; surveying and leasing the 
national lead mines, and of the intercourse v^ith Indian 
tribes. 

The secretary of the navy issues all orders to the navy 
of the United States, and superintends the concerns of the 
navy establishment generally. The board of navy com- 
missioners consisting of three officers of the navy, is at- 
tached to the office of the secretary of the navy. This 
board discharges all the ministerial duties of that office. 

General Post Office. — Tliis department is under the su- 
perintendence of the postmaster general, who has two 
assistants. The post master general has the sole appoint- 
ment of all the post masters throughout the United States, 
and the direction of every thing relating to this depart- 
ment. 

The Legislature, — consists of a Senate and House of 
Representatives ; meet once every year. The Senate is 
composed of 48 members ; two from each state. They are 
cliosen b})- the legislatures of the several states, for the terra 
of six 3^ears, one third of them being elected biennially. 

The vice president of the United States is president of the 
Senate. In his absence a president pro tempore is chosen 
by the Senate. 

The House of Representatives is composed of members 
from each of the states, elected by the people for a term of 
two years. The present number of representatives is 235, 
and three delegates, one from each of the territories. 

The Judiciary. — The Supreme Court consists of a Chief 
Justice, with a salary of $5000 per annum, and six associ- 
ate justices, who receive annually $4500 each; one attor- 
ney-general, clerk, marshal, &c. The Supreme Court 
meets once a year, on the second Monday in January. 

Circuit Courts. Each of the justices of the Supreme 
Court, attends also in a certain circuit, consisting of two or 
more districts, appropriated to each, and, in conjunction 
with the judge of the district, compose a Circuit Court, 
which is held in each district of the circuit twice a year. 



124 



UNI 



VANDALIA. 



The District courts are held respectively by the district 
judge alone. They are composed of tvventy-eight judges, to 
each of whom a certain district is assigned. Each of these 
districts embraces an entire state, except those of New 
York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Alabama, Louisiana, and 
Tennessee, which are divided into two districts each, 

(For information on the physical structure, productions, 
&c. of the United States, see the individual states.) 



University, N. C. (235.) 
Upper Canada, U. C. (54.) 
Upper Marlboro, Md. (177.) 
Upper Sandusky, O. (125.) 



V. 



Upperville, Va. (155.) 
Urbanna, O. (125.) 
Urbanna, Va. (198.) 
Utica, N. Y. (58.) 



Vacasausa B., Fl. (.328.) Vance, G. (250.) 

Vandalia, 11. (164,) capital of the state of Illinois, 
lation, 1000. 

STAGE ROUTES FROM VANDALIA. 



Popu- 



To Terre Haute. 

Ewington, 31 

Embarras R. 28 59 

Terre Haute, 46 105 

To St. Louis, Mo. 

Greenville, 16 

EdwardsviUe, 33 49 

St. Louis, 20 69 

To Vincennes. 

Maysville, 45 

Lawrenceville, 42 87 

Vincennes, 10 97 

To Shawneetown. 

Salem, 25 

Mt, Vernon, 24 49 

M'Leansbcro, 30 79 

Shawneetown, 28 107 



To America. 

Salem, 25 

Mt. Vernon, 24 49 

Frankfort, 30 79 

Vienna, 36 115 

America, 25 140 



Carlyle, 


28 


Covington, 


10 38 


New Nashville, 


8 46 


Kaskaskia, 


40 86 


To Galena. 




Springfield, 


70 


Elk Hart Grove, 


8 78 


Athens, 


10 88 


Pekin, 


40 128 


Little Prairie, 


9 137 


Peoria, 


1 138 


Rock River, 


76 214 


Galena, 


63 277 



VERMONT. 125 

Vansville, Md. (156.) Venus, II. (117.) 

Vareens, S. C. (275.) Vergennes, Vt. (36.) 

Varennes, S. U. (252.) Vermillion R., II. (120.) 

Vassalboro, Me. (40.) Vermillion Bay, FI. (321.) 

Vermont, state of, (84,) is divided into 13 counties. Pop- 
ulation in 1830, 280,679. Area, 9,800 square miles. Capi- 
tal, Montpelier. Metropolis, Bennington, lat. 42° 53' N. 
long. 3° 45' E. General election, first Tuesday in Septem- 
ber. Legislature meet, second Thursday in October. 
Constitution formed, 1777. 

Government. — Governor, salary $750 per annum. Lieu- 
tenant-governor, and a council of 12 persons, who are all 
chosen annually. Legislature consists of a single body, a 
house of representatives, the members of which are elected 
annually, and are styled the General Assembly. 

Judiciary: — consists of a supreme court, having a chief 
justice and four associate judges, and a county court for 
each county, composed of one of the judges of the supreme 
court and two assistant judges, all elected annually by the 
general assembly. A council of censors (13 persons), is 
chosen every seven years, for the purpose of inquiring 
whether the laws have been failhiully executed, &,c. 

FhysicaL Structure. — Vermont, as its name implies, is a 
mountainous region. The great Allegheny mountains pass 
through the entire length of the state, separating the waters 
of the Connecticut, from those running into Lake Cham- 
plain. A lew miles east from Middlebury, a spur leaves 
the main ridge, and passing in a north-eastern course, is 
successively broken by Onion, Lamoelle and Misisque 
rivers. The space intervening between the primary and 
secondary ranges, fortns a table-land having a mean alti- 
tude of not less than 800 ieet above the surface of Lake 
Champlain. This plateau, in its turn, supports a multitude 
of hills and mountain peaks, in some places insulated, and 
in others forming continuous ranges of several miles in ex- 
tent. Beside the ridges just mentioned, other mountains 
of great elevation, occur in the south-western part of the 
state, altogether presenting a surface exceedingly rough 
and uneven. 

11* 



126 VERMONT. VIRGINIA. 

Lakes. — Cham plain, Memphramagog, Seymour, West 
more. Trout, Bombazine, «fec. 

Rivers. — Connecticut, White, Pasumsick, Black, Misis- 
que. La Moelle, Onion, Otter, Sec. 

Islands. — North Hero, South Hero, La Motte, &c. 

Productions. — Wheat, rye, barley, indian corn, oats, 
pot and pearl ashes, provisions, &c. 

Towns. — Montpelier, Bennington, Burlington, Middle- 
bury, Windsor, Woodstock, Rutland, Danville, Fayetteville, 
Vergennes, St. Albans, &.c. &c. 

Internal Improvements. — Bellows Falls Canal, around 
those falls, half a mile long. Water que chy Canal. White 
River Canal. All the preceding canals are designed to 
overcome falls in the Connecticut river. 

Vernon, N. Y. (58.) Versailles, K. (169.) 

Vernon, O. (102.) Vevay, Ind. (168.) 

Vernon, N. J. (108.) Vicksbnrg, Miss. (279.) 

Vernon, fnd. (147.) Victor, N. Y. (79.) 

Vernon, T. (227.) Vienna, Md. (178.) 

Vernon, Ga. (288.) Vienna II. (186.) 

Versailles, Ind. (147). Vincennes, Ind. (166.) 

Virginia, state of, (193.) is divided into 116 counties. 
Population in 1830, 1,211,272, including 469,724 slaves. 
Area, 66,624 square miles. Capital and metropolis, Rich- 
mond. Lat. 37^ 32' N. Long. 0° 26' W. Constitution 
amended and adopted in 1830. General election, April. 
Legislature meet, first Monday in December. 

Government. — Governor elected by the General Assembly 
— term of office, three years, salary ^3,333 1-3. Lieutenant- 
governor, $1,000. Two counsellors, each 81,000. Trea- 
surer and auditor, each $2,000. Legislature, styled the 
General Assembly of Virginia, consists of a senate and 
house of delegates. The senate consists of 32 members : 
and the house of delegates of 134, of whom 31 are elected 
by the counties in western Virginia. The legislature meets 
annually on the 1st Monday in December, at Richmond, 
the capital of the state. 

Judiciary. — The court of appeals consists of a president 
with a salary of $2,720, and four other judges, whose salary 



VIRGINIA. 12'? 

is $2,500 each. This court holds two sessions annually, 
one at Richmond for East Virginia ; the other at Lewisburg 
in Greenbrier county, for West Virginia, including all the 
counties west of the blue ridge, commencing on the first 
Monday in July, and continuing ninety days, if business 
requires it. 

General Court. — The state is divided into ten districts 
and twenty circuits. Tiiere are twenty judges, — one for 
each circuit. A circuit superior court of law and chancery 
is held twice every year in each county and corporation. 

Physical Structvre. — All that portion of the state which 
lies east of the road leading from Fredericksburg to Peters- 
burg, &c. comprising about 8,000 square miles, is level 
and but little elevated above the ocean ; some parts of it are 
constantly, and others occasionally inundated. The coun- 
try which intervenes between that just mentioned, and the 
Blue ridge, is much broken, its ascents abrupt and rocky, 
and presents other characteristics of a mountainous region. 
West of the Blue ridge, the entire region consists of a suc- 
cession of eleveted ridges, between which, valleys of great 
fertility occur, these, although greatly depressed below the 
summits of the adjacent mountains, are elevated several 
hundred feet above the ocean tides. 

After passing the Allegheny mountain, the surface is 
much broken by the action or' the waters, as they passed 
over the surface of that immense inclined plane, and thus 
formed those deep chasms and ravines, through which the 
streams generally flow. To this abrasion may be ascribed 
the mountainous appearance which the western part cf the 
state presents. What appears to be mountains, are how- 
ever nothing more than buttresses which support the table- 
land in the rear. The natural geography of the state may 
be thus briefly defined ; in the east, level ; in the centre, 
mountainous ; and in the west, hilly with extensive elevated 
plains. 

Bays and rivers. — Chesapeake Bay, and rivers Potomac, 
south branch ofPotomac, Shenandoah, Rappahannoc, York, 
James, Appomattox, Nottoway, Roanoke, Dan, &c, in the 
east; Ohio, Monongahela, Cheat, Great and Little Kanawha, 



128 VIRGINIA. 

Elk, Gauley, Greenbrier, New, Guyandot, Sandy, Clinch, 
Holston, «Slc. 

Productions. — Wheat, rye, indian corn, oats, buckwheat, 
tobacco, &LC. Salt is manufactured in large quantities in 
the western part of the state, gold is found in Spotsylvania, 
and some of the adjacent counties. 

Towns. — Richmond, Petersburg, Norfolk, Lynchburg, 
Fredericksburg, Williamsburg, Charlottsville, Fairfax, War- 
renton, Leesburg, east of the blue ridge. Winchester, 
Staunton, Harrisonburg, Warm Springs, Wheeling, Par- 
kersburg, Charleston, Pt. Pleasant, Abington, &.c. in the 
west. 

Internal Improvements. — James River Canal, is merely 
a series of 12 locks, which connect the river with a basin 
at Richmond, 80 feet above tide water. From this basin 
proceeds the Richmond Canal, 25 feet wide, and 4 deep, for 
2^ miles, when it unites with the river. Three miles fur- 
ther is a short canal of 3 locks, around a fall of 34 feet. 
James and Jackson River Canal and Navigation, com- 
mences at the basin at Richmond, and extends to Maiden's 
Adventure Fulls, 3U J miles. Balcony Falls Canal, extends 
along the bank of James river, through a gap of the Blue 
ridge, length 6-81 miles. An extension of tiie James River 
Canal, is now in course of execution. The Roanoke im- 
provement consists of a slacii water navigation, ;nd extends 
Irom the W'eldon Canal in N. Carolina, to Salem in Vir- 
inia, 244 miles. The Dan, Chowan, Slate, Rappahannoc, 
Shenandoah, Potomac, Monongahela, and Kanawha rivers, 
have been similarly improved. Dismal Swamp Canal, ex- 
tends irom Deep Creek, a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, to 
Joyces Creek, a brancii of Pasquotank river of Albemarle 
sound, length 23 miles. Two lateral Canals, one trom lake 
Drummond, o miles in length, which, in addition to its 
uses for the purposes of navigation, serves as a teeder to 
the main trunk ; and the other, 6 miles long, opens a com- 
munication between the princip.d canal, and the head 
waters of North West River. — Rail Roads. Manchester 
Rail Road, extends trom Manchester to the coal mines, 
length 13 miles. Winchester Rail Road, extends trom 
Harper's Ferry to Winchester, length 3U miles, r'eters- 



VIRGINIA. — WARM SPRINGS. 129 

Inirg and Roanoke Rail Road, extends from Petersburg in 
Virginia, to Blakely, at tlie foot of the Roanoke canal, in N. 
Carolina, length 59-38 miles. A branch from this road 
leaves the main line about 10 miles from Blakely, which 
extends to the head of the rapids of Roanoke, length about 
12 miles. Portsmouth and Roanoke Rail Road, commences 
at Portsmouth opposite Norfolk, passes in a direct course, 
intersects the Petersburg Road, 6 miles from Blakely, and 
terminates on the Roanoke, a short distance below the 
Petersburg branch, length 80 miles. Richmond and Pe- 
tersburg Rail Road, (now in progress,) length 21-50 miles. 
Richmond and Fredericksburg Rail Road, (now in pro- 
gress,) length 64 miles. Belleplain Rail Road, extends 
from Fredericksburg to Belleplain, situated on a branch of 
the Potomac, (in progress,) length 11 miles. Several other 
Rail Roads are proposed. 

Volina,F. (338.) 

W. 
Wabash and Erie Canal, see Carolina, (274.) 

Indiana, (123.) Winchester Rail Road, see 

Weldon Canal, see N. Caro- Virginia, (154.) 

Una, (217.) Wabash R., Ind. (122.) 

West Chester Rail Road, see Wabash R., II. (144.) 

Pennsylvania, (133.) Wackenda, Mo. (117.) 

Waterquechy Canal, seeYcr- Waddington, N. Y. (34.) 

mont, (61.) Wadesboro, K. (206.) 

White River Canal, see Ver- Wadesboro, N. C. (234.) 

mont, (61.) Wallace, Lou. (277.) 

Wilmington and Downing- Wallingford, Ct. (110.) 

ton Rail Road, see Dela- Walnutgrove, K. (190.) 

ware, (157.) Walterboro, S. C. (290.) 

Washington Canal, see New Walton, N. Y. (81.) 

Jersey, (134.) Wareboro, Ga. (304.) 

Winyaw Canal, see South Warm Springs, N. C. (232.) 

Warm Springs, Va. (174,) a noted watering place, situ- 
ated in Bath county, on the western declivity of Spring 
mountain. The waters, used chiefly for bathing, arc char- 
acterised by a high and uniform degree of temperature, 
(97^°,) and the presence of sulphuretted hydrogen, and 
carbonic acid 



130 WASHINGTON. 

Warren, Me. (40.) Washington, N. H. (61.) 

Warren, O. (102.) Washington, Pa. (128.) 

Warren, Pa. (103.) Washington, O. (149.) 

Warren, O. (128.) Washington, Ind. (166.) 

Warren, Va. (196.) Washington, Va. (175.) 

Warrenton, Va. (176.) Washington, T. (230.) 

Warrenton, N. C. (216.) Washington, N. C. (237.) 

Warrenton, Ga. (27 1 .) Washington, N. C (257.) 

Warrenton, Miss. (279.) Washington, Ark. (260.) 

Warwasing, N. Y. (108.) Washington, Ga. (271.) 

Warwick, R. I. (111.) Washington, Ala. (284.) 

Warwick, Md. (157.) Washington, Miss. (225.) 

Washington, D. C. (176.) Capital of the United States, 
Population, 18,827. 

This city is laid out on a great scale. Its avenues and 
principal streets, radiate from centres formed by the various 
public buildings, and are from 130 to 160 feet wide. Penn- 
sylvania avenue, which leads from the Capitol to the Presi- 
dents house, is the principal place of business, and the great 
promenade of the city. Many of the other streets are wide 
and well built. The greater part of the city plot, however, 
remains unoccupied. 

The public buildings &;c. are. 1. The capitol, 363 feet 
in length, with an open area, containing 22| acres ; cost of 
the capital was $2,596,500. 2. The president's house, 
about 1 1-4 mile from the capital. 3. The public offices, four 
in number, in the immediate vicinity of the president's 
house ; these buildings are occupied by the four departments 
of the government. 4. The general post office. The navy 
yard is situated on tlie eastern branch of the Potomac. In 
addition to the above, which belong to the United States, 
there are many public buildings, erected by the local au- 
thorities of the city and others, among these are; the city 
hall, Columbia college, catholic college, market-house, the- 
atre, several banks, 17 churches, «&c. 

ROUTES FROM WASHINGTON. 

To Baltimore^ by Stage. I Vansville, 8 14 

Bladensburg, 6 | Elkridge Landing, 15 29 



WASHINGTON. 



131 



Baltimore, 



8 37 



To Dover, Del. 

Bladensburg-, 6 

Patuxent R. 20 26 

Annapolis, 14 40 
Broad Cr. (by water,) 12 52 

Sharktown, 4 56 

Queenstown, 8 64 

Centreville, 7 71 

Georgetown, 25 96 

Dover, 8 104 

To Point Lookout, 

Welby, 7 

Piscataway, 8 15 

Port Tobacco, 14 29 

Newport, 13 42 

Chaytico, 10 52 

Leonardtown, 5 57 

Great Mills, 11 68 

St. Inigoes, 7 75 

Pt. Lookout, 10 85 

To Richmond, Va. 

Alexandria, 9 

Oecoquan, 17 26 

Dumfries, 9 35 

Aquia, 9 44 

Fredericksburg, 14 58 

Bowling-g-reen, 22 80 

Hanover C. H. 23 103 

Richmond, 19 122 

To Winchester, Va. 

Alexandria, 9 

Fairfax C.H. 14 23 

Aldie, 24 47 

Upperville, 14 61 



Millwood, 
Winchester, 



10 71 

13 84 



To Virginia Springs, by 
Stage. 

Alexandria, 9 

Fairfax C. H. 15 24 

Centreville, 8 32 

Bull Run, 3 35 

Buckland Mills, 11 46 

New Baltimore, 4 50 

Warrenton, 6 56 

Lee's Sulphur Sp. 6 62 

Jefferson, 3 65 

Fairthx C. H. 12 77 

Cedar Mt. 6 83 

Rapidan, 6 89 

Orange C. H. 7 96 
(Thence to Montpelier, 
seat oi" Mr. Madison, 
5 ir.iles.) 

Gordonsville, 8 104 

Monticello, 16 120 
Charlottesville and 
University of Va. 

York, 19 142 

Waynesboro, 6 148 

Staunton, 12 160 

Jenning's N. Mt. 17 177 

Cloverdale, 12 189 

Green Valley, 11 200 

Warm Springs, l3 213 

Hot Springs, 5 218 

Jackson River, 9 227 

White Sulphur Sp. 29 256 
(Thence to Sweet Sul- 
phur Sp 18 miles.) 

Sweet Sulphur Sp. 28 284 

Salt Sulphur Spr. 1 285 



ti 



3 123 



132 


WASHINGTON. 




Red Sulphur Spr. 


14 '239 


Mathew's Point, 


8 58 


(See Warm Spring 


Sweet 


Cedar Pt. 


7 65 


Sulphur Springs, 


&c.) 


Washington's Birth 








place. 


11 76 


To Frederick, 


Md. 


Ragged Point, 


15 91 


Simsonville, 


7 


Pt. Lookout, 


16 107 


Rockville, 


7 14 


Patuxent R. 


20 127 


Seneca, 


7 21 


Sharp's Island, 


22 149 


Middlebrook, 


5 26 


Herring Bay, 


10 159 


Hyattstown, 


8 34 


Bodkin Pt. 


32 191 


Frederick, 


11 45 


Baltimore, 


13 204 


7b Baltimore, by Steam 


To Harper'' s Ferry, by Canal. 


Boat. 




Great Falls, 


13 


Alexandria, 


8 


Seneca Creek, 


10 23 


Mount Vernon, 


9 17 


Peter's Quarry, 


17 40 


Crane Island, 


5 22 


Monocacy R.' 


5 45 


Cook's Ferry, 


13 35 


Cotoctin Cr. 


12 57 


Boyd's Hole, 


15 50 


Harper's Ferry, 


12 69 



Washitta R., Ark. (241.) 
Washitta R., Lou. (278.) 
Waterford, Me. (39.) 
Waterford, N. Y. (83.) 
Waterford, Pa. (102.) 
Waterford, Pa. (131.) 
Waterford, O. (151.) 
Waterholes, Miss. (296.) 
Waterloo, Ala. (246.) 
Watertown, N. Y. (58.) 
Watertown, Ct. (109.) 
Waynesboro, T. (^227.) 
Waynesboro, G. (272.^ 
Waynesboro, N. C. (236.) 
Waynesville, N. C. (232.) 
Waynesburg, Pa. (152.) 
Wayne, Ind. {til,) 
Wcxyne, Pa. (133.) 
Weathersford, Ala. (284.) 



Weatlotucko, Ga. (285.) 
Webbville, Fl. (314.) 
Well, K. (189.) 
Wellfleet, Mass. (112.) 
Wellsboro, Pa. (105.) 
Wells, Me. (63.) 
Wells, Pa. (156.) 
Wentvvorth, N. H. (62.) 
Wentwortb, N. G. (215.) 
Westminster, Vt. (61.) 
Westminster, Md. (156.) 
Westport, Md. (153.) 
West Point, N. Y. (109.) 
Weston, V;i.(152.) 
Westville, Miss. (2,16.) 
West Union, 0.(170.) 
W. (blester, Pa. (157.) 
West, xN. Y. (57.) 
Weymouth, N. J. (158.) 



WHEELING. 



183 



Wheeling, Va. (128.) This town is not only important 
as it regards population, but also as a leading point in one 
of the great thoroughfares of this section of the United 
States. Its population in 1830, was 5,221, but the number 
has increased considerably since that period. The national 
road leading from Cumberland to the western capitals, 
passes through Wheeling ; at this point euaigrants and 
travellers embark on board of steam boats for every part of 
the western country. 

ROUTES FROM WHEFJJNG. 



To Baltimore, by ike Nation- \ 


To Chillicothe 


^ 


at Road. 




Zanesville, as above, 


80 


W. Alexandria, Pa. 


16 


Union, 


9 89 


Claysville, 


6 22 


Somerset, 


9 98 


Washington, 


9 31 


Rushville, 


8 106 


Hillsboro, 


12 43 


Lancaster, 


10 116 


Brownsville, 


11 54 


Tarlton, 


14 130 


Union, 


12 66 


Kingston, 


8 138 


Smythfield, 


21 87 


Chillicothe, 


12 150 


Mt. Pleasant, Md. 


29 116 






Cumberland, 


10 126 


To Wooster, O. 


Prattsville, 


21 147 


Harrisville, 


13 


Hancock, 


18 165 


Cadiz, 


9 22 


William sport, 


27 192 


New Philadelphia, 


33 55 


Boonsboro, 


12 204 


Dover, on Canal, 


3 58 


Frederick, 


16 220 


Paintville, 


18 76 


Baltimore, by R. R. 


59 279 


Wooster, 


16 92 


To Columbus, O 


by the 


To Pittsburg 




National Road. 


Washington, Pa. 


31 


St. Clairsville, 


10 


Canonsburg, 


7 38 


Morristown, 


12 22 


Birmingham, 


17 55 


Fairview, 


12 34 


Pittsburg, 


1 56 


Washington, 


14 48 






Cambridge, 


7 55 


To Pittsburg, by 


Steam 


Norwich, 


15 70 


Boat. 




Zanesville, 


10 80 


Warrenton, 


8 


Hebron, 


27 107 


Wellsburg, 


6 14 


Columbus, 


28 135 


^ Steubenville, 


7 21 



12 



IM- 



WHITE SULPHUR SPRING. 



Fawcetstown, 


22 43 


Point Pleasant, Va. 29 170 


Beaver, 


19 62 


Gallipolis, 3 173 


Economy, 


9 71 


Guyandot, 34 207 


Middletown, 


9 80 


Burlington, 7 214 


Pittsburg, 


11 91 


Portsmouth, 41 255 






Manchester, 36 291 


To Cincinnati^ by 


S. Boat 


Maysville, 10 301 


Elizabethtown, 


13 


Ripley, 7 308 


Sistersville, 


35 48 


Augusta, 9 317 


Newport, 


17 65 


Point Pleanant, 0. 15 332 


Marietta, 


16 81 


Cincinnati, 26 358 


Parkersburg, 


13 94 


(For continuation to N. Or- 


Belville, 


17 111 


leans, see " Cincinnati.") 


Letart's Rapids, 


30 141 




White Apple, Miss 


(295.) 


White Plains, N. Y. (109.) 


Whitehall, N. Y. (60.) 


White River, Ind. ri23.) 


White Hills, N. H. (38.) 


White R., Ark, (201.) 



White Sulphur Spring, Va. (194), in Greenbrier county, 
a place of fashionable resort during the months of July, 
August and September, and the most celebrated among the 
innumerable mineral springs, which abound in the central 
parts of Virginia. The water is highly charged with sul- 
phuretted hydrogen gas, which affects the atmosphere at 
night, to a considerable distance around the spring. 



Wickford, R. I. (111.) 
Wilderness, Va. (176.) 
Wilford, Ala. (298.) 
Wilkesbarre, Pa. (107.) 
WilkesviUe, N. C. (213.) 
Williamsburg, O. (149.) 
Williamsburg, Va. (198.) 
Williamsburg, T. (209.) 
Williamsburg, K. (210.) 
WiUiamsburg, Miss. (297.) 
Williamsboro, N. C. (216.) 
Williamsport, Pa. (105.) 
Williamsport, Ind. (121.) 



Williamston, Vt. (37.) 
Williamston, Mass. (83.) 
Williamston, N. C. (237.) 
Williamstown, N. Y. (34.) 
Williams, Ark. (259.) 
Williams, Ala. (311.) 
Williamsport, K. (169.) 
Williston, Vt. (37.) 
Willowgrove, Pa. (133.) 
Willstown, Ala. (249.) 
Wilmington, Vt. (84.) 
Wilmington, O. (126.) 
Wilmington, O. (149.) 



WILMINGTON. 



135 



Wilmington, Del. (157), the metropolis of the state of 
Delaware. Population in 1830, 6,628, is now probably 
8,000. The public buildings are a city hall, two rnarket- 
houses, three banks, alms house, arsenal, 13 churches, &c. 
There are in and about Wilmington, upwards of 100 ex- 
tensive manufactories, chiefly on the Brandywine creek. 
The Brandywine springs are situated about 5 miles west 
of Wilmington. 

ROUTES FROM WILMINGTON. 



To Philadelphia, 


by Stage. 


St. Georges, 


3 15 


Chester, 


13 


Trap, 


4 19 


Darby, 


9 21 


Cantwell's, 


•4 23 


Philadelpliia, 


6 28 


Smyrna, 


10 33 






Hamsville, 


7 40 


To Baltimore, 


by Stage. 


Dover, 


5 45 


Christiana, 


9 







Elkton, 


1] 20 


To Philadelphia, 


by Steam 


Havre de Grace, 


16 36 


£oat. 




Harford, 


11 47 


Delaware R. 


3 


Gunpowder, 


10 57 


Marcus Hook, 


8 11 


Baltimore, 


15 72 


Chester, 


4 15 







Lazaretto, 


5 20 


To Dover, Del. 


Fort Mifflin, 


5 25 


New Castle, 


5 


Gloucester Point, 


5 30 


Red Lion, 


7 12 


Philadelphia, 


3 33 



Wilsons, Miss. (264.) 
Wiltshire, O. (124.) 
Winchendon, Mass. (84.) 
Winchester, Ct. (109.) 
Winchester, O. (124.) 
Winchester, Va. (154.) 
Winchester, K. (169.) 
Winchester, T. (228.) 
Winchester, Miss. (298.) 
WindGap, Pa. (133.) 
Windham, Me. (63.) 
Windham, Ct. (110.) 



Windsor, Vt. (61.) 
Windsor, Ct. (110.) 
Windsor, N. C. (237.) 
Winsboro, S. C. (253.) 
Winyaw Bay, S. C. (274.) 
Wiscasset, Me. (64.) 
Wisconsin R., Mich. (44.) 
Witamky, Fl. (329.) 
Womelsdorf, Pa. (132.) 
Woodbury, N. J. (157.) 
Woodsfield, O. (151.) 
Woodstock, Me. (39.) 



136 



woo 



Woodstock, Vt. (61.) 
Woodstock, Va. (175.) 
Wcodville, Va. (175.) 
Woodville, Va. (197.) 
Woodville, Miss. (295.) 
Woodville, Lou. (324.) 

Xenia, O. (149.) 



Wooster, O. (126.) 
Worcester, Mass. (85.) 
Worthington, O. (125.) 
Wyliesburg, Va. (216.) 
Wynton,N. C. (217.) 
Wyoming, Pa. (107.) 



X. 



Y. 



Yadkin R., N. C. (213.) 
Yakunnee, Miss. (282.) 
Yancy ville, Va. (196.) 
Yazoo R., Miss. (263.) 
York, or Toronto, U. C. (54.) 
York, Me. (63.) 
York, II. (145.) 



York, Pa. (156.) 
York, Va. (198.) 
York H., P. (132.) 
York R., Va. (198.) 
YorkviUe, S. C. (253.) 
Youngs, 11. (165.) 



Zanesville, O. (150.) 



TABLE OP MONEY. 



137 



OF THE COMPARATIVE VALUE OF MONEY, 



DIFFERENT COUNTRIES OF EUROPE, ESTIMATED 
IN DOLLARS AND CENTS. 

The fractional parts of the cents are decimals. 



Great Britain. 1 


Holland. 






$ cts. 




$ cts. 


Farthing 


00,46 


Stiver 


01,94 


Penny, 


01,85 


Scalin 


11,64 


Groat 


07,40 


Guilder, or Florin 


38,80 


Shilling 


22,22 


Rix dollar 


97,00 


Crown, or 5 shillings | 


Ducat 


2 07,86 




1 11,16 


Gold Ducat 


8 00,00 


Sovereign, or pound 


4 44,44 






Guinea, 21 shillings 


4 66,66 


Portugal. 








Re 


00,12 


France. 




Vinton 


02,50 


Denier 


00,08 


Testoon 


12,50 


Sol, or 12 deniers 


00,92 


Crusade of ex 


50,00 


Livre Tournois, or 




Milre* 


1 25,00 


i20 sols 


18,52 


Moidore 


6 00,00 


Ecu, or crown, 6 




Joanese 


8 00,00 


livres 


1 10,00 






Pistole,* 10 livres 


1 85,17 


Italy. 




Louis d'or 


4 44,44 


Soldi 


00,80 


Franc 


18,74 


Chevelet 


03,18 


Five francs 


93,70 


Lire* 


15,92 






Testoon 


23,88 


Spain. 




Croisade 


79,60 


Maravedie* 


00,30 


Pezzo of ex* 


92,60 


Rial 


10,00 


Genouine 


1 36,12 


Pistarine 


20,00 


Pistole 


3 20,00 


Piaster of ex* 


80,00 






Dollar 


1 00,00 


Switzerland. 


Ducat of ex* 


1 10,18 


Penning 


00,24 


Pistole 


3 60,00 


Cruitzer 


00,92 



12* 



138 



TABLE OP MONEY. 





$cts. 


Prussia. 




Sol* 


02,77 




$ cts. 


Gulden 


55,-55 


Grosh 


00,86 


Rix dollar 


1 00,00 


Coustic 


04,32 






Tinse 


12,96 


Austria. 




Ort 


15,55 


Cruilzer 


00,86 


Florin 


25,92 


Grosh 


03,14 


Rix dollar* 


77,76 


Batzen 


03,44 


Ducat 


2 07,40 


Gould 


51,85 


Frederic d'or 


3 88,80 


Rix dollar 


77,77 






Ducat 


2,07,40 


Russia. 








Altin 


03,00 


Sweden. 




Grievener 


10,00 


Stiver 


00,72 


Polpctin 


25,00 


Copper marc 


02,88 


Poltin 


50,00 


Silver marc 


08,64 


Ruble 


1 00,00 


Copper dollar 


11,52 


Zervonitz 


2 00,00 


Caroline 


25,92 






Rix dollar 


1 03,70 


Turkey. 




Ducat 


2 07,40 


Mangar 


00,28 






Asper* 


01,12 


Denmark. 




Parac 


03,33 


Skilling 


01,04 


B-stic 


05,55 


Duffgen 


06,24 


Kstic 


11,11 


Marc* 


16,66 


Solata, 


22,22 


Rix marc 


20,>3 


Piaster* 


88,88 


Rixort 


25,00 


Caragrouch 


1 11,10 


Crown 


66,66 


Xcriff 


2 22^0 


Rix dollar 


1 00,00 






Ducat 


8 83,34 







* Tliese are merely nominal, and not represented by 
any real coin. 



A LIST or MAPS, 

CHARTS AND GEOGRAPHICAL WORKS, 

Recently published, and for sale by H. S. TANNER, 

Geoo-raphcr and Map Publisher, No. 144 Chestnut S^ 
opposite the Theatre, Philadelphia. 

No. 

1 . A new American Atlas, containing Maps of the several 
States of the North American Union, projected and drawn 
on a uniform scale of fifteen miles to the inch. Price of 
the work in half binding-, . . . $30 00 

2. The same, with the Maps mounted on rollers and var- 
nished, . . . . . 45 00 

3. The same, omitting the Maps of the World and quar- 
ters, and reserving- all those relating to North and South 
America, the States, isLc. Price, in half binding, 25 00 

4. Tlic same as the preceding, omitting the Map of South 
America, and the Geographical Memoir, and reserving all 
the Maps relating to the continent of North America, in- 
cluding the State^Maps. Price . . 20 00 

5. Atlas of the United States. Price, half bound, 15 00 

6. The same pasted on pasteboards. Price 20 00 

7. A new General Atlas, consisting of imperial sheet ' 
Maps of the World, 2 sheets ; V/orld on Mercator's pro- 
jection, Europe, Asia, Africa, America, North America, 
South America, 2 sheets ; United States, Mexico, and British 
possessions. Price . . . 10 00 

8. A new College Atlas, consisting of a series of General 
Maps oi' the various grand divisions of the known world, 
imperial folio. Price, half bound, . . 5 00 

9. The same as the preceding, with tlie Ma.ps pasted on 
thick pasteboards and varnisiicd, for the use of schools. 
Price • . • . . 7 50 

10. Atlas of Ancient Geographv, dcf^'igncd to illustrate the 
works olthe ancient writers, both sacred and profane, sixteen 
select Maps in i'lipcrial qurrto. Price, half bound, 3 00 

11. A new Map of North America, on four sheets, em- 
bracing all the recent discoveries of l:o>s. Parry, Franklin, 
Long, &,c. &c. Price, mounted on rollers or in a portable 
form, . . . . . 7 UO 



140 Maps, Charts, S^c. 

12. A 4 sheet Map of Europe, improved to 1834. 7 00 

13. Ditto Asia, ditto. 7 00 

14. Ditto Africa, ditto. 7 00 

15. A new Map of South America, in 2 sheets, 4 00 
Tho Maps numbered 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, are usually 

sold together ; they form a set on which is delineated the 
entire surface of the earth, and present as complete a body 
of geographical information on the known world, as the 
existing state of knowledge will admit. 

16. Map of the World on the Globular projection, two 
sheets. Price, on rollers and varnished, . 3 00 

17. A new Map of the United States of Mexico, with 
numerous tables. Price, in pocket case, . 2 00 

18. The Traveller's Guide, or Map of the Roads, Canals, 
and Railway routes of the United States, with the dis- 
tances from place to place. Price, in pocket case, 1 00 

19. Map of the existing and Contemplated Canals of the 
State of Pennsylvania. Price . . 1 25 

20. Map of the New England States, for travellers in 
pocket case, . . . . 1 25 

21. Map of the State of New York, ditto. 125 

22. Do. States of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 
for travellers, in pocket case, • . 1 25 

23. Map of the States of Ohio «& Indiana, do. do. 1 25 

24. Ditto. Virginia, Maryland &, Delaware, 
for travellers, in pocket case, 

25. Map of the Sts. of Kentucky & Tennessee, 

26. Ditto. North & S.Carolina, do. 

27. Ditto. Georgia & Alabama, do. 

28. Ditto. Louisiana & Mississippi, 

29. Ditto. Illinois &, Missotui, do. 

30. Map of the territory of Florida, do. do. 1 25 
The same Maps are put up separately on muslin, in a 

portable case. Price, each, . . . 2 00 

3 1 . Chart of the World on Mercator's projection, one 
large sheet, ...... 1 00 

32. Map of Europe, one large sheet, . . 1 00 

33. Map of Asia, ditto ... 1 00 

34. Map of Africa, ditto . . . 1 00 

35. Map of America, ditto ... 1 00 





1 25 


do. 


1 25 


do. 


1 25 


do. 


1 25 


do. 


1 25 


do. 


1 25 



Maps, Charts i <^c, 141 

36. The four preceding Maps pasted together on 1 sheet 
of canvas and roller, suitable for schools. Price 5 50 

37. Map of North America, one large sheet, 1 00 

38. Map of the United States, medium sheet, 50 

39. Map of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Newfound- 
land, iStc. 1 00 

40. Chart of Delaware Bay, two sheets, . 1 00 

41. Dissected Map of the World, 1 large sheet, 2 50 

42. Ditto. Europe, ditto. 2 50 

43. Ditto Asia, ditto. 2 50 

44. Ditto Africa, ditto. 2 50 

45. Ditto United States, ditto. 2 00 

46. The Mariner's Atmospherical Register or Weather- 
Book, . . . ... 2 50 

47. A general outline of the U. States, with plates, 2 50 

48. Atlas of Outline Maps, of the World and Quarters, 
the set, 50 

49. School Atlas, consisting of the World, Quarters, and 
United States, ... . . . 50 

50. A Geological Survey of tlie Environs of Philadelphia, 
with a Map coloured geologically. Price . 63 

51. Map of the country 15 miles round Philadelphia, with 
the roads, public houses, &c. in a pocket case, 50 

52. Mjps of the World, Europe, Asia, Africa &c America, 
mounted on rollers and varnished, suitable for counting- 
houses, schools, &CG. Price each $1 50, or the set 7 00 

53. Map of Schuylkill county. Pa. on a scale of two miles 
to the inch. Price 1 00 

54. Tlie Stranger's Guide to the public buildings, places 
of amuseaient, streets, lanes, alleys, wharves, piincii)al 
hotels, steam-boat landings, stage offices, &c. in the city of 
Philadelphia and adjoining Districts, . . 1 00 

55. A new and authentic Map of Colombia, with its de- 
partments and provinces, constructed principally from the 
manuscript maps drawn at Bogota by order of the Colum- 
bian government. Price on rollers or in portable form, 5 00 

Same printed on bank note paper, in pocket case, 3 50 

56. A View of the United States — historical, geographi. 
cal and statistical, exhibiting, in a convenient form, the 
natural and artificial features of the several states, and em 



142 



Maps, Charts, S^c, 



bracing those leading branches of history and statisticB, 
best adapted to develope the present condition of the North 
American Union ; illustrated with Maps, &c. by William 
Darby, forming an 18 mo. book of 600 pages, with 14 maps. 
Price . . . . ... 2 50 

57. A new Pocket Atlas of the United States, the Maps 
drawn on a uniform scale, with the distances from place to 
place. Price . . . . 1 35 

58. Map of the State of Pennsylvania, . 38 

59. Drawing Book. No. 1. Human Figure. Price. 38 



60. 


Ditto 


" 2. Landscapes. 


25 


61. 


Ditto 


' 3. Shipping. 


38 


62. 


Ditto 


' 4. Landscapes. . 


38 


63. 


Ditto 


• 5. The same coloured 


50 


64. 


Ditto 


• 6. Flowers. 


38 


65. 


Ditto 


' 7. Flowers. 


38 


66. 


Ditto 


' 8. Flowers. 


38 


67. 


Ditto 


' 9. Flowers. 


38 


68. 


Ditto 


' 10. Roses. 


38 


69. 


Ditto contain] 


ng 8 sheets of Flowers col 


'd. 1 00 



5 


of 


Washington. 


6 


of 


Charleston. 


7 


of 


New Orleans. 



70. A new and elegant Map of the United States, on a 

scale of 30 rniles to the inch — 5 feet 4 inches long, and 4 

feet 2 inches high. Price of the map, on rollers or in a 

portable form, . . . . . 8 00 

Ditto in pocket case, . . . 6 50 

This map contains the following supplementary maps, 
plans, &c. 

1 Plan of the city of Boston. 

2 of New-York. 

3 of Philadelphia. 

4 of Baltimore, 

8 Map of the environs of Boston. 

9 of Albany, Saratoga, &c. 

10 of New York and New Brunswick. 

11 of Philadelphia and Trenton. 

12 of Baltimore and Washington. 

13 of Savannah, Georgia. 

14 of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. 

15 General Map of Oregon and Manden Districts. 

16 Chart of the outlet of Oregon river. 



20 


of 


21 


of 


22 


of 


23 


©f 


Hi 


of 


25 


of 


26 


of 


27 


of 


28 


of 


29 


of 


30 


of 


31 


of 



MapSf Charts, <^c, 143 

17 South Part of Florida, 

18 Profile of the Grand Portage, Maine. 

19 of Chesapeake and Delaware Canal. 
Dismal Swamp Canal. 
Florida CanaL 
Erie CanaL 
Ohio Canal. 
Morris Canal. 
Union Canal. 
Schuylkill Navigation. 
Pennsylvania Canal, 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. 
Massachusetts Rail Road. 
Columbia Rail Road. 
Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road. 

32 Statistieal Table of the Western Districts. 

33 of United States, exhibiting the 
Area, Capital, Metropolis, with its latitude, longitude, and 
population ; date of constitution ; time of stated meeting of 
the Legislature ; day of general election ; population of 
1830, of each state and territory of the Union. 

71. Memoir on the recent Surveys, Observations and 
Internal Improvements in the United States, with brief no- 
tices of the new counties, towns, villages, canals and rail 
roads, never before delineated. By H. S. Tanner. Intend- 
ed to accompany his new map of the United States. 
Price. . . . . . 1 GO 

72. Map of the United States, including the Western 
Districts. Price. . . . . 75 

73. Print. View of Mount Vernon, 50 

74. The same, coloured, . . 75 

75. Atlas of the state of South Carolina, containing maps 
of the several districts drawn on a tmiform scale of 2 miles 
to the inch. . . . . 12 GO 

76. The same maps put up in a portable form, at prices 
from $3 50 to $1 50 each. 

77. Map of the state of South Carolina on four sheets, 
drawn and published in conformity to the law of the 
State. . . . . . . 5 00 

78. A view of West Florida, embracing its geography, 
topography, <&c. with an appendix treating of its antiqui- 



144 Maps, Charts, <^c, 

ties, land titles, and proposed canals, with maps, by J. L 
Williams. Price. . . . . 2 00 

79. Map of the western part of Florida, extending from 
Mobile bay to the Suwanee river, both inclusive, in pocket 
case, . . . . . . I 25 

80. A map of the state of New Jersey, with parts of the 
adjoining States, engraved on three sheets, by Thomas Gor- 
don. Improved to 1833. Mounted on rollers or in a port- 
able form. Price, . . . . 8 00 

81. Plan of the city of Pittsburg and adjacent country. 
Price, in pocket case, . . . 1 00 

82. Map of Northampton and Lehigh counties. Pa. on 
rollers, . . . . . 2 00 

83. The same in pocket case, 1 50 

84. Map of Montgomery county, Pa. on Rollers, 1 50 

85. The same in pocket case, . • 1 00 

86. Map of Bucks county, Penn. on Rollers, 1 75 

87. The same in pocket case, . . 1 25 

88. Map of Luzerne county, Penn. on rollers, 2 00 

89. The same in pocket case, . ^ 1 50 _^ 

90. Map of Chester county, Penn. on rollers, 1 75 ^if; 

91. The same in pocket case, . . 1 25 

92. Map of Huntingdon county, Penn. on rollers, 2 00 

93. The same in pocket case . • 1 50 

94. Map of Somerset county, Penn. on rollers, 2 00 

95. The same in pocket case, • . 1 50 

96. Map of Dauphin and Lebanon counties, Penn. 

on rollers, . . . • • 1^ 

97. The same in pocket case, . > 1 *25 

98. Map ofPhiladelphia county, Penn. on rollers, 1 75 

99. The same in pocket case. . • 1 ^o 
The above county maps are projected on a uniform scale 

of two and a half miles to an inch. 

100. Map of the Mexican province of Texas, on one 
large sheet, compiled by S. F. Austin, on rollers, 2 00 

101. The same in pocket case, . • 150 

102. The Travellers Pocket Man of New- York, U 5U 
103 Ditto ditto Pennsylvania, 50 
103*. Ditto ditto Virginia, 50 
104. Ditto ditto Nortli Carolina, 50 



/ . 



